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Ethical Innovation for Global Health

Author: Chieko Kurihara

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-12-16

Total Pages: 331

ISBN-13: 9819961637

This volume captures the recent changes and evolution in ethics in research involving humans and provides future directions to achieve alternative drug development strategies for equitable global health. It presents ethical considerations in current day clinical trials and new trends of ethics in research. It also describes the historical context, illustrates the process in alternative paradigms to achieve democracy after World War II, how the framework of ethics in research was established in different regions, and policies implemented to protect research participants from the exploitation of new drug development. The book is organized into three themed parts: relevant constructions from Brazil, South Africa, Taiwan, South Korea, and Japan; historical and international perspectives of principles of ethics in research; and alternative frameworks of clinical development and innovation. Ethical Innovation for Global Health: Pandemic, Democracy and Ethics in Research is an informative resource for academic researchers, the global pharmaceutical industry, regulators, civil society and other role players involved in global health. It is contributed to by leaders in global policy development in research ethics, and experts in drug development activities with its trajectory being global health. The COVID-19 pandemic, as a global disaster, necessitated not only socio-economic but also cultural transformation. While effective vaccines were developed under a successful new methodology, there remains inequity of distribution of these vaccines globally. The book re-engages with the notion of the primacy of distributing results of scientific innovation to those who most require the benefits.

Ethics of Medical Innovation, Experimentation, and Enhancement in Military and Humanitarian Contexts

Author: Daniel Messelken

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-03-17

Total Pages: 267

ISBN-13: 3030363198

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This book discusses ethical questions surrounding research and innovation in military and humanitarian contexts. It focuses on human enhancement in the military. Recently, the availability of medical enhancement designed to make soldiers more capable of surviving during conflict, as well as enabling them to defeat their enemies, has emerged. Innovation and medical research in military and humanitarian contexts may thus yield positive effects, but simultaneously leads to a number of highly problematic ethical issues. The work contains contributions on medical ethics that take into account the specific roles and obligations of military and humanitarian health care providers and the ethical problems they encounter. They cover different aspects of research and innovation such as vaccine development, medical enhancement, compassionate and experimental drug use, research and application of new technologies such as wearables, “Humanitarian innovation” to cope with scarce resources, Biometrics, big data, etc.The book is of interest and importance to researchers and policy makers involved with human enhancement, medical research, and innovation in military and humanitarian missions.

Innovation in Medical Technology

Author: Margaret L. Eaton

Publisher: JHU Press

Published: 2007-02-28

Total Pages: 188

ISBN-13: 9780801885266

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This thought-provoking study examines the ethical, legal, and social problems that arise with cutting-edge medical technology. Using as examples four powerful and largely unregulated technologies—off-label use of drugs, innovative surgery, assisted reproduction, and neuroimaging—Margaret L. Eaton and Donald Kennedy illustrate the difficult challenges faced by clinicians, researchers, and policy makers who seek to advance the frontiers of medicine safely and responsibly. Supported by medical history and case studies and drawing on reports from dozens of experts, the authors address important practical, ethical, and policy issues. They consider topics such as the responsible introduction of new medical products and services, the importance of patient consent, the extent of the duty to mitigate harm, and the responsibility to facilitate access to new medical therapies. This work's insights into the nature and consequences of medical innovation contribute to the national debate on how best to protect patients while fostering innovation and securing benefits.

Innovations in Global Mental Health

Author: Samuel O. Okpaku

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-11-02

Total Pages: 2272

ISBN-13: 303057296X

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Over the course of the last decade, political and mental entities at large have embraced global mental health: the idea that psychiatric health is vital to improved quality of life. Physicians globally have implemented guidelines recommended by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) in 2007, thereby breaking down barriers to care and improving quality of life in areas where these practices have been implemented. Programs for training and education have expanded as a result. Clinicians benefit more from both local resources in some regions as well as in international collaboration and technological advancements. Even amidst all of these positive outcomes, clinicians still face some stumbling blocks. With worldwide statistics estimating that 450 million people struggle with mental, neuropsychiatric, and neurological disorders—25 percent of the world’s non-communicable disease burden—rising to these challenges prove to be no small feat, even in wealthy Western nations. Various articles and books have been published on global mental health, but few of them thoroughly cover the clinical, research, innovative, and social implications as they pertain to psychiatry; often, only one of these aspects is covered. A comprehensive text that can keep pace with the rapidly evolving literature grows more and more valuable each day as clinicians struggle to piece together the changes around the world that leave open the possibility for improved outcomes in care. This book seeks to boldly rectify this situation by identifying innovative models of service delivery, training, education, research funding, and payment systems that have proven to be exemplary in implementation and scalability or have potential for scalability. Chapters describe specific barriers and challenges, illuminating effective strategies for improved outcomes. This text is the first peer-reviewed resource to gather prestigious physicians in global mental health from around the world and disseminate their expertise in the medical community at large in a format that is updateable, making it a truly cutting-edge resource in a world constantly changed by medical, scientific, and technological advances. Innovations in Global Mental Health is the ultimate resource for psychiatrists, psychologists, primary care physicians, hospitalists, policy makers, and all medical professionals at the forefront of global mental health and its implications for the future.

Global Health and International Community

Author: John Coggon

Publisher: A&C Black

Published: 2013-09-12

Total Pages: 321

ISBN-13: 1780935587

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Global health arguably represents the most pressing issues facing humanity. Trends in international migration and transnational commerce render state boundaries increasingly porous. Human activity in one part of the world can lead to health impacts elsewhere. Animals, viruses and bacteria as well as pandemics and environmental disasters do not recognize or respect political borders. It is now widely accepted that a global perspective on the understanding of threats to health and how to respond to them is required, but there are many practical problems in establishing such an approach. This book offers a foundational study of these urgent and challenging problems, combining critical analysis with practically focused policy contributions. The contributors span the fields of ethics, human rights, international relations, law, philosophy and global politics. They address normative questions relating to justice, equity and inequality and practical questions regarding multi-organizational cooperation, global governance and international relations. Moving from the theoretical to the practical, Global Health and International Community is an essential resource for scholars, students, activists and policy makers across the globe.

Applied Ethics in a Digital World

Author: Vasiliu-Feltes, Ingrid

Publisher: IGI Global

Published: 2021-11-19

Total Pages: 316

ISBN-13: 1799884694

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As advances in disruptive technologies transform politics and increase the velocity of information and policy flows worldwide, the public is being confronted with changes that move faster than they can comprehend. There is an urgent need to analyze and communicate the ethical issues of these advancements. In a perpetually updating digital world, data is becoming the dominant basis for reality. This new world demands a new approach because traditional methods are not fit for a non-physical space like the internet. Applied Ethics in a Digital World provides an analysis of the ethical questions raised by modern science, technological advancements, and the fourth industrial revolution and explores how to harness the speed, accuracy, and power of emerging technologies in policy research and public engagement to help leaders, policymakers, and the public understand the impact that these technologies will have on economies, legal and political systems, and the way of life. Covering topics such as artificial intelligence (AI) ethics, digital equity, and translational ethics, this book is a dynamic resource for policymakers, civil society, CEOs, ethicists, technologists, security advisors, sociologists, cyber behavior specialists, criminologists, data scientists, global governments, students, researchers, professors, academicians, and professionals.

Business Ethics of Innovation

Author: Gerd Hanekamp

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-05-06

Total Pages: 122

ISBN-13: 3540723102

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Firms generally depend upon innovations in order to achieve advantages on competitive markets, thus also raising societal questions. Business ethics provides a normative framework for balancing the different perspectives, values, and interests at stake. This balance must be achieved both at relevant firm and regulatory levels. Business Ethics of Innovation is thus necessarily an interdisciplinary endeavour. This volume assesses general questions of how business ethics may contribute to adequate innovations and specifically discusses respective case studies in pharmaceutical and IT sectors.

Global Health and the Future Role of the United States

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2017-10-05

Total Pages: 385

ISBN-13: 0309457637

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While much progress has been made on achieving the Millenium Development Goals over the last decade, the number and complexity of global health challenges has persisted. Growing forces for globalization have increased the interconnectedness of the world and our interdependency on other countries, economies, and cultures. Monumental growth in international travel and trade have brought improved access to goods and services for many, but also carry ongoing and ever-present threats of zoonotic spillover and infectious disease outbreaks that threaten all. Global Health and the Future Role of the United States identifies global health priorities in light of current and emerging world threats. This report assesses the current global health landscape and how challenges, actions, and players have evolved over the last decade across a wide range of issues, and provides recommendations on how to increase responsiveness, coordination, and efficiency â€" both within the U.S. government and across the global health field.

Global Health and Global Health Ethics

Author: Solomon Benatar

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2011-02-10

Total Pages: 351

ISBN-13: 1139495909

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What can be done about the poor state of global health? How are global health challenges intimately linked to the global political economy and to issues of social justice? What are our responsibilities and how can we improve global health? Global Health and Global Health Ethics addresses these questions from the perspective of a range of disciplines, including medicine, philosophy and the social sciences. Topics covered range from infectious diseases, climate change and the environment to trade, foreign aid, food security and biotechnology. Each chapter identifies the ways in which we exacerbate poor global health and discusses what we should do to remedy the factors identified. Together, they contribute to a deeper understanding of the challenges we face, and propose new national and global policies. Offering a wealth of empirical data and both practical and theoretical guidance, this is a key resource for bioethicists, public health practitioners and philosophers.