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Ethical Choices in Research

Author: Harris M. Cooper

Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781433821684

Many books discuss the ethical treatment of human subjects in behavioral research, yet few talk about the equally important ethical issues that arise when the data are being analyzed and the study is being written up. All researchers need to be aware of their professional responsibilities and make sound choices after the subjects have left. This practical and easy-to-follow guide walks readers through often overlooked decision points in the research process. Drawing from his extensive experience as a teacher of research methods and a senior editorial advisor, and from well-established standards of practice -- including the APA Ethics Code -- Harris Cooper is the ideal mentor in this process. Readers of this book will learn how to: Collect and manage data in a way that does not compromise the confidentiality of subjects Avoid data fraud and misleading data analysis Assign research responsibilities and authorships to team members Avoid committing plagiarism and intellectual theft Navigate the journal submission and publication process Post-publication ethical considerations are also addressed, including researchers' obligations when communicating their findings to the media and the general public, and when engaging with the scientific community as a peer reviewer.

A New Approach to Research Ethics

Author: Henriikka Mustajoki

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2017-03-16

Total Pages: 236

ISBN-13: 1134817975

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A New Approach to Research Ethics is a clear, practical and useful guide to the ethical issues faced by researchers today. Examining the theories of ethical decision-making and applying these theories to a range of situations within a research career and process, this text offers a broader perspective on how ethics can be a positive force in strengthening the research community. Drawing upon a strong selection of challenging case studies, this text offers a new approach to engage with ethical issues and provides the reader with: a broader view on research ethics in practice, capturing both different stages of research careers and multiple tasks within that career, including supervision and research assessments thoughts on questions such as increasing globalisation, open science and intensified competition an increased understanding of undertaking research in a world of new technologies an extension of research ethics to a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approach an introduction to a ‘guided dialogue’ method, which helps to identify and engage with ethical issues individually and as a research community. A New Approach to Research Ethics allows for self-reflection and provides guidance for professional development in an increasingly competitive area. Full of valuable guidance for the researcher and ethical decision-maker, this is an essential text for postgraduate students, senior academics and developers of training courses on ethics for researchers.

Writing Clinical Research Protocols

Author: Evan DeRenzo

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2005-09-08

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 0080454208

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This highly engaging guide for clinical researchers provides a foundation for improving skills in the understanding of ethical requirements in the design and conduct of clinical research. Writing Clinical Research Protocols includes practical information on ethical principles in clinical research, designing appropriate research studies, writing consent and assent documents, getting protocols approved, special populations, confidentiality issues, and the reporting of adverse events. A valuable appendix includes a listing of web resources about research ethics as well as a glossary. This is an invaluable resource for basic scientists collaborating in clinical trials, physician investigators, clinical research fellows, research nurse coordinators, residents, and anyone who wants a better understanding of the clinical trials process. Walks investigators and trainees through identification of the ethical aspects of each section of a clinical research protocol Includes a chapter containing Case Histories Contains information on conducting clinical research within the pharmaceutical industry An appendix includes internet resources and world wide web addresses for important research ethics documents and regulations Chapter on 'Study Design and Methodology' purposely expanded to explicitly address biostatistical considerations

Moving Up Without Losing Your Way

Author: Jennifer M. Morton

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2021-04-20

Total Pages: 190

ISBN-13: 0691216932

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"Upward mobility through the path of higher education has been an article of faith for generations of working-class, low-income, and immigrant college students. While we know this path usually entails financial sacrifices and hard work, very little attention has been paid to the deep personal compromises such students have to make as they enter worlds vastly different from their own. Measuring the true cost of higher education for those from disadvantaged backgrounds, Moving Up without Losing Your Way looks at the ethical dilemmas of upward mobility--the broken ties with family and friends, the severed connections with former communities, and the loss of identity--faced by students as they strive to earn a successful place in society"--Dust jacket.

Handbook of Ethics in Quantitative Methodology

Author: A. T. Panter

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2011-03-01

Total Pages: 508

ISBN-13: 1136888721

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This comprehensive Handbook is the first to provide a practical, interdisciplinary review of ethical issues as they relate to quantitative methodology including how to present evidence for reliability and validity, what comprises an adequate tested population, and what constitutes scientific knowledge for eliminating biases. The book uses an ethical framework that emphasizes the human cost of quantitative decision making to help researchers understand the specific implications of their choices. The order of the Handbook chapters parallels the chronology of the research process: determining the research design and data collection; data analysis; and communicating findings. Each chapter: Explores the ethics of a particular topic Identifies prevailing methodological issues Reviews strategies and approaches for handling such issues and their ethical implications Provides one or more case examples Outlines plausible approaches to the issue including best-practice solutions. Part 1 presents ethical frameworks that cross-cut design, analysis, and modeling in the behavioral sciences. Part 2 focuses on ideas for disseminating ethical training in statistics courses. Part 3 considers the ethical aspects of selecting measurement instruments and sample size planning and explores issues related to high stakes testing, the defensibility of experimental vs. quasi-experimental research designs, and ethics in program evaluation. Decision points that shape a researchers’ approach to data analysis are examined in Part 4 – when and why analysts need to account for how the sample was selected, how to evaluate tradeoffs of hypothesis-testing vs. estimation, and how to handle missing data. Ethical issues that arise when using techniques such as factor analysis or multilevel modeling and when making causal inferences are also explored. The book concludes with ethical aspects of reporting meta-analyses, of cross-disciplinary statistical reform, and of the publication process. This Handbook appeals to researchers and practitioners in psychology, human development, family studies, health, education, sociology, social work, political science, and business/marketing. This book is also a valuable supplement for quantitative methods courses required of all graduate students in these fields.

How Good People Make Tough Choices Rev Ed

Author: Rushworth M. Kidder

Publisher: Harper Collins

Published: 2009-11-24

Total Pages: 242

ISBN-13: 0061968722

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This insightful and brilliant analysis of ethics teaches readers valuable skills in evaluating tough choices and arriving at sound conclusions. “A thought-provoking guide to enlightened and progressive personal behavior.” —Jimmy Carter An essential guide to ethical action updated for our challenging times, How Good People Make Tough Choices by Rushworth M. Kidder offers practical tools for dealing with the difficult moral dilemmas we face in our everyday lives. The founder and president of the Institute for Global Ethics, Dr. Kidder provides guidelines for making the important decisions in situations that may not be that clear cut—from most private and personal to the most public and global. Former U.S. senator and NBA legend Bill Bradley calls How Good People Make Tough Choices “a valuable guide to more informed and self-conscious moral judgments.”

Belmont Revisited

Author: James F. Childress

Publisher: Georgetown University Press

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 300

ISBN-13: 9781589010628

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Research on human subjects has always been a highly controversial topic in the field of bioethics. The book, featuring contributions from a Who's Who of biothics scholars, analyzes the seminal document on the topic in the United States: the 1979 Belmont Report, widely regarded as the single-most influential set of guidelines in the practice of bioethics.The Belmont Report is a 20-page statement that spells out the rationale for ethical research on humans, concluding that three primary principles are at play: respect for persons, beneficence, and justice. Since the publication of Belmont these three principles, spelled out further by philosopher Tom Beauchamp and ethicist James Childress and known as the "Georgetown mantra," have dominated all discussions of research on human subjects--though, as this book will show, not everyone agrees that this is the most helpful way to think about the matter. In fact, this book is both a broad overview of the evolution of the Belmont Report and, more important, 1) an assessment of its shortcomings and 2) a strong call to rethink how hospitals and pharmaceutical companies can conduct research more humanely and more ethically. So while the book looks back to the creation of Belmont, it also looks forward to the future of research. Contributors, in addition to the editors, include Alexander Capron, Ruth Faden, Eric Cassell, Karen Lebacqz, Larry Churchill, Robert Levine, Patricia King (Georgetown), Susan Sherwin, Ezekiel Emanuel, Robert Veach (Georgetown), Henry Richardson (Georgetown), John Evans.

Ethical Choices

Author: Richard Burnor

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13: 9780190074449

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"Ideal for students with little or no background in philosophy, Ethical Choices: An Introduction to Moral Philosophy with Cases provides a concise, balanced, and highly accessible introduction to ethics. Featuring an especially lucid and engaging writing style, the text surveys a wide range of ethical theories and perspectives including consequentialist ethics, deontological ethics, natural and virtue ethics, the ethics of care, and ethics and religion"--

Ethical Issues in Clinical Research

Author: Bernard Lo

Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Published: 2012-03-28

Total Pages: 302

ISBN-13: 1451152779

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This book teaches researchers how to resolve the ethical dilemmas that can arise at any stage in clinical research. In addition to explaining pertinent regulations and laws, Dr. Lo helps investigators understand the gaps and uncertainties in regulations, as well as situations in which merely complying with the law may not fulfill ethical responsibilities. Most chapters include real-life examples that the author walks through, discussing the salient issues and how to approach them. This book can be used in courses on research ethics that are required or encouraged by major National Institutes of Health grants in academic health centers.

Blind Spots

Author: Max H. Bazerman

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2012-12-23

Total Pages: 204

ISBN-13: 0691156220

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When confronted with an ethical dilemma, most of us like to think we would stand up for our principles. But we are not as ethical as we think we are. In Blind Spots, leading business ethicists Max Bazerman and Ann Tenbrunsel examine the ways we overestimate our ability to do what is right and how we act unethically without meaning to. From the collapse of Enron and corruption in the tobacco industry, to sales of the defective Ford Pinto, the downfall of Bernard Madoff, and the Challenger space shuttle disaster, the authors investigate the nature of ethical failures in the business world and beyond, and illustrate how we can become more ethical, bridging the gap between who we are and who we want to be. Explaining why traditional approaches to ethics don't work, the book considers how blind spots like ethical fading--the removal of ethics from the decision--making process--have led to tragedies and scandals such as the Challenger space shuttle disaster, steroid use in Major League Baseball, the crash in the financial markets, and the energy crisis. The authors demonstrate how ethical standards shift, how we neglect to notice and act on the unethical behavior of others, and how compliance initiatives can actually promote unethical behavior. They argue that scandals will continue to emerge unless such approaches take into account the psychology of individuals faced with ethical dilemmas. Distinguishing our "should self" (the person who knows what is correct) from our "want self" (the person who ends up making decisions), the authors point out ethical sinkholes that create questionable actions. Suggesting innovative individual and group tactics for improving human judgment, Blind Spots shows us how to secure a place for ethics in our workplaces, institutions, and daily lives.