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Some Reflections Upon Marriage; With Additions
Author: Mary Astell
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Published: 2023-08-22
Total Pages: 125
ISBN-13: 3368376845
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →An Essay on the First Principles of Government
Essays on Church, State, and Politics
Author: Christian Thomasius
Publisher: Natural Law and Enlightenment
Published: 2007
Total Pages: 340
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The essays selected here for translation derive largely from Thomasius's work on Staatskirchenrecht, or the political jurisprudence of church law. These works, originating as disputations, theses, and pamphlets, were direct interventions in the unresolved issue of the political role of religion in Brandenburg-Prussia, a state in which a Calvinist dynasty ruled over a largely Lutheran population and nobility as well as a significant Catholic minority. In mandating limited religious toleration within the German states, the provisions of the Peace of Westphalia (1648) also provided the rulers of Brandenburg-Prussia with a way of keeping the powerful Lutheran church in check by guaranteeing a degree of religious freedom to non-Lutherans and thereby detaching the state from the most powerful territorial church. Thomasius's writings on church-state relations, many of them critical of the civil claims made by Lutheran theologians, are a direct response to this state of affairs. At the same time, owing to the depth of intellectual resources at his disposal, these works constitute a major contribution to the broader discussion of the relation between the religious and political spheres.
An Essay on Crimes and Punishments
Author: Cesare Beccaria
Publisher: The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd.
Published: 2006
Total Pages: 274
ISBN-13: 1584776382
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Reprint of the fourth edition, which contains an additional text attributed to Voltaire. Originally published anonymously in 1764, Dei Delitti e Delle Pene was the first systematic study of the principles of crime and punishment. Infused with the spirit of the Enlightenment, its advocacy of crime prevention and the abolition of torture and capital punishment marked a significant advance in criminological thought, which had changed little since the Middle Ages. It had a profound influence on the development of criminal law in Europe and the United States.
An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine
Author: John Henry Cardinal Newman
Publisher: University of Notre Dame Pess
Published: 1994-03-02
Total Pages: 293
ISBN-13: 0268158096
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine, reprinted from the 1878 edition, “is rightly regarded as one of the most seminal theological works ever to be written,” states Ian Ker in his foreword to this sixth edition. “It remains,” Ker continues, "the classic text for the theology of the development of doctrine, a branch of theology which has become especially important in the ecumenical era.” John Henry Cardinal Newman begins the Essay by defining how true developments in doctrine occur. He then delivers a sweeping consideration of the growth of doctrine in the Catholic Church from the time of the Apostles to his own era. He demonstrates that the basic “rule” under which Christianity proceeded through the centuries is to be found in the principle of development, and he emphasizes that throughout the entire life of the Church this principle has been in effect and safeguards the faith from any corruption.
The Essays of "George Eliot."
Women and Human Development
Author: Martha C. Nussbaum
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2000-03-13
Total Pages: 474
ISBN-13: 113945935X
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →In this major book Martha Nussbaum, one of the most innovative and influential philosophical voices of our time, proposes a kind of feminism that is genuinely international, argues for an ethical underpinning to all thought about development planning and public policy, and dramatically moves beyond the abstractions of economists and philosophers to embed thought about justice in the concrete reality of the struggles of poor women. Nussbaum argues that international political and economic thought must be sensitive to gender difference as a problem of justice, and that feminist thought must begin to focus on the problems of women in the third world. Taking as her point of departure the predicament of poor women in India, she shows how philosophy should undergird basic constitutional principles that should be respected and implemented by all governments, and used as a comparative measure of quality of life across nations.
The Challenge of Facts
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
