Equity Valuation Science, Art, Or Craft?

Equity Valuation Science, Art, Or Craft? PDF

Author: Frank J. Fabozzi

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 138

ISBN-13:

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The price at which a stock is traded in the market reflects the ability of the firm to generate cash flow and the risks associated with generating the expected future cash flows. The authors point to the limits of widely used valuation techniques. The most important of these limits is the inability to forecast cash flows and to determine the appropriate discount rate. Another important limit is the inability to determine absolute value. Widely used valuation techniques such as market multiples - the price-to-earnings ratio, firm value multiples or a use of multiple ratios, for example - capture only relative value, that is, the value of a firm's stocks related to the value of comparable firms (assuming that comparable firms can be identified). The study underlines additional problems when it comes to valuing IPOs and private equity: Both are sensitive to the timing of the offer, suffer from information asymmetry, and are more subject to behavioral elements than is the case for shares of listed firms. In the case of IPOs in particular, the authors discuss how communication strategies and media hype play an important role in the IPO valuation/pricing process.

Equity Valuation: Science, Art, or Craft?

Equity Valuation: Science, Art, or Craft? PDF

Author: Frank J. Fabozzi

Publisher: CFA Institute Research Foundation

Published: 2017-12-27

Total Pages: 136

ISBN-13: 1944960341

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The price at which a stock is traded in the market reflects the ability of the firm to generate cash flow and the risks associated with generating the expected future cash flows. The authors point to the limits of widely used valuation techniques. The most important of these limits is the inability to forecast cash flows and to determine the appropriate discount rate. Another important limit is the inability to determine absolute value. Widely used valuation techniques such as market multiples - the price-to-earnings ratio, firm value multiples or a use of multiple ratios, for example - capture only relative value, that is, the value of a firm's stocks related to the value of comparable firms (assuming that comparable firms can be identified). The study underlines additional problems when it comes to valuing IPOs and private equity: Both are sensitive to the timing of the offer, suffer from information asymmetry, and are more subject to behavioral elements than is the case for shares of listed firms. In the case of IPOs in particular, the authors discuss how communication strategies and media hype play an important role in the IPO valuation/pricing process.

Corporate Valuation

Corporate Valuation PDF

Author: Benedicto Kulwizira Lukanima

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-08-04

Total Pages: 717

ISBN-13: 3031282671

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This book provides students with basic knowledge and advance skills for addressing practical challenges in valuation. First, the book presents financial information as a vital ingredient for performing corporate valuation. Second, the book presents key concepts of value and valuation and basic techniques for cash flow discounting. Third, the book offers an understanding of the reality of valuation, not simply as a numerical subject, as most people tend to think, but as a combination of objective and subjective aspects. Finally, it examines valuation in relation to the linkage between a firm’s objective, management role in value creation, investors’ decisions, and the valuation role of financial information. This book is designed and presented to make valuation easily accessible while also not diluting the nature of its complexity. To assist in the learning experience, the author provides illustrative case studies using real world data and review questions to cover all concepts. To assist professors, slides, Microsoft Excel illustrations, working data and sample syllabi are available online for download.

The Private Equity Toolkit

The Private Equity Toolkit PDF

Author: Tamara Sakovska

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2022-06-08

Total Pages: 374

ISBN-13: 1119697107

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Master the navigation of private equity deals from sourcing to exit with this comprehensive guide The Private Equity Toolkit: A Step-by-Step Guide to Getting Deals Done from Sourcing to Exit offers readers the first complete guide to executing a private equity deal from start to finish. Written by an accomplished professional with twenty years of experience in the private equity space, this book is perfect for current private equity analysts and associates, as well as business students and professionals seeking to enter the private equity field. This book covers every stage of the private equity process, from sourcing the deal to company exit. It provides a systematic overview of how to: · Originate attractive investment opportunities; · Generate superior deal insights; · Form effective working relationships with management teams; · Add value on portfolio company boards; and · Achieve profitable investment exits. The Private Equity Toolkit equips its readers with actionable frameworks and proprietary tools that can be applied on a daily basis in the private equity industry. The content found within is designed to be current and helpful for years to come and appeals to a global audience.

Research Foundation Review 2017

Research Foundation Review 2017 PDF

Author: CFA Institute Research Foundation

Publisher: CFA Institute Research Foundation

Published: 2018

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 1944960422

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The Research Foundation Review 2017 summarizes the offerings from the CFA Institute Research Foundation over the past year—books, literature reviews, workshop presentations, and other relevant material.

Investment Governance for Fiduciaries

Investment Governance for Fiduciaries PDF

Author: Michael E. Drew

Publisher: CFA Institute Research Foundation

Published: 2019-04-22

Total Pages: 190

ISBN-13: 1944960708

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Governance is a word that is increasingly heard and read in modern times, be it corporate governance, global governance, or investment governance. Investment governance, the central concern of this modest volume, refers to the effective employment of resources—people, policies, processes, and systems—by an individual or governing body (the fiduciary or agent) seeking to fulfil their fiduciary duty to a principal (or beneficiary) in addressing an underlying investment challenge. Effective investment governance is an enabler of good stewardship, and for this reason it should, in our view, be of interest to all fiduciaries, no matter the size of the pool of assets or the nature of the beneficiaries. To emphasize the importance of effective investment governance and to demonstrate its flexibility across organization type, we consider our investment governance process within three contexts: defined contribution (DC) plans, defined benefit (DB) plans, and endowments and foundations (E&Fs). Since the financial crisis of 2007–2008, the financial sector’s place in the economy and its methods and ethics have (rightly, in many cases) been under scrutiny. Coupled with this theme, the task of investment governance is of increasing importance due to the sheer weight of money, the retirement savings gap, demographic trends, regulation and activism, and rising standards of behavior based on higher expectations from those fiduciaries serve. These trends are at the same time related and self-reinforcing. Having explored the why of investment governance, we dedicate the remainder of the book to the question of how to bring it to bear as an essential component of good fiduciary practice. At this point, the reader might expect investment professionals to launch into a discussion about an investment process focused on the best way to capture returns. We resist this temptation. Instead, we contend that achieving outcomes on behalf of beneficiaries is as much about managing risks as it is about capturing returns—and we mean “risks” broadly construed, not just fluctuations in asset values.

Introduction To Finance: Financial Management And Investment Management

Introduction To Finance: Financial Management And Investment Management PDF

Author: Pamela Peterson Drake

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2021-12-20

Total Pages: 829

ISBN-13: 9811241295

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This book covers the fundamentals of financial management and investment management without getting into the highly technical topics and mathematical rigor. It also provides a practitioner-oriented approach to financial and investment management.The field of finance covers several specialty areas. The two most important ones which set the foundations for the other specialty areas are financial management and investment management, and these are the two major topics covered in the book. After touching on the basics — the financial system and the players, financial statements, and mathematics of finance — the authors then cover financial management and investment management in greater depth. For financial management the authors focus on financial strategy and financial planning, dividend policy, corporate financing decisions, entrepreneurial finance, financial risk management, and capital budgeting decisions. The investment management coverage includes the different types of risks faced in investing, company analysis, valuing common stock, portfolio selection, asset pricing theory, and investing in common stocks and bonds. The last chapter of the book covers financial derivatives and how they are used in finance to control risk.

Expectations Investing

Expectations Investing PDF

Author: Michael J. Mauboussin

Publisher: Columbia University Press

Published: 2021-09-28

Total Pages: 278

ISBN-13: 0231554842

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Most investment books try to assess the attractiveness of a stock price by estimating the value of the company. Expectations Investing provides a powerful and insightful alternative to identifying gaps between price and value. Michael J. Mauboussin and Alfred Rappaport suggest that an investor start with a known quantity, the stock price, and ask what it implies for future financial results. After showing how to read expectations, Mauboussin and Rappaport provide a guide to rigorous strategic and financial analysis to help investors assess the likelihood of revisions to these expectations. Their framework traces value creation from the triggers that shape a company’s performance to the impact on the value drivers. This allows a practitioner of expectations investing to determine whether a stock is an attractive buy or sell candidate. Investors who read this book will be able to evaluate stocks of companies in any sector or geography more effectively than those who use the standard approaches of most investors. Managers can use the book’s principles to devise, adjust, and communicate their company’s strategy in light of shareholder expectations. This revised and updated edition reflects the many changes in accounting and the business landscape since the book was first published and provides a wealth of new examples and case studies.

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