Entrepreneurial Success and Failure in the Aviation Industry

Entrepreneurial Success and Failure in the Aviation Industry PDF

Author: Howard G. Jones

Publisher:

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 372

ISBN-13:

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This dissertation shows how the history of the Waco Aircraft Company reflects the transformation of the American economy in the twentieth century. Beginning just after the First World War, its entrepreneur, Clayton J. Brukner, developed a network of relationships within the aviation industry. This allowed his company to develop significant competitive advantages in the private flying market. Those advantages and the popular appeal of aviation helped Waco to become the largest manufacturer of civilian aircraft by 1929. The transformation of business-government relations during the New Deal demanded changes in Brukner's business strategy. The depression significantly cut sales of its popular biplanes, but Waco kept its Troy, Ohio, factory open and earned some profits during the downturn. Brukner's involvement with the trade associations in the 1930s revealed the critical role the government, the military in particular, played in the development of aviation. His flawed leadership in the changing context led to decisions that degraded the quality of its network signals and diminished Waco's effectiveness in crafting appropriate policies. As the international situation grew increasingly tense throughout the 1930s, Waco, like other manufacturers, turned to exports to enhance sales. Contracts with foreign governments partially offset the setback the depression had caused domestically. They did not, however, drive Brukner to evaluate sufficiently Waco's potential participation in the U.S. military market. Only after the Munich Crisis in September 1938, when President Franklin D. Roosevelt decided to call for increased military spending, did the Waco Aircraft Company position itself to receive defense contracts. It was almost three years, however, before the Army Air Forces directed the company to design and manufacture transport aircraft and cargo gliders. In the meantime Brukner had not developed the organizational capabilities needed to manage military contracts.

Entrepreneurial Success and Failure in the Aviation Industry

Entrepreneurial Success and Failure in the Aviation Industry PDF

Author: Howard Jones, III

Publisher:

Published: 1999-11-01

Total Pages: 363

ISBN-13: 9781423541295

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This dissertation shows how the history of the Waco Aircraft Company reflects the transformation of the American economy in the twentieth century. Beginning just after the First World War, its entrepreneur, Clayton J. Brukner, developed a network of relationships within the aviation industry. This allowed his company to develop significant competitive advantages in the private flying market. Those advantages and the popular appeal of aviation helped Waco to become the largest manufacturer of civilian aircraft by 1929. The transformation of business-government relations during the New Deal demanded changes in Brukner's business strategy. The depression significantly cut sales of its popular biplanes, but Waco kept its Troy, Ohio, factory open and earned some profits during the downturn. Brukner's involvement with the trade associations in the 1930s revealed the critical role the government, the military in particular, played in the development of aviation. His flawed leadership in the changing context led to decisions that degraded the quality of its network signals and diminished Waco's effectiveness in crafting appropriate policies. As the international situation grew increasingly tense throughout the 1930s, Waco, like other manufacturers, turned to exports to enhance sales. Contracts with foreign governments partially offset the setback the depression had caused domestically. They did not, however, drive Brukner to evaluate sufficiently Waco's potential participation in the U.S. military market. Only after the Munich Crisis in September 1938, when President Franklin D. Roosevelt decided to call for increased military spending, did the Waco Aircraft Company position itself to receive defense contracts. It was almost three years, however, before the Army Air Forces directed the company to design and manufacture transport aircraft and cargo gliders. In the meantime Brukner had not developed the organizational capabilities needed to manage military contracts.

The Early Development of the Aviation Industry

The Early Development of the Aviation Industry PDF

Author: Malcolm Abbott

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-05-09

Total Pages: 10

ISBN-13: 0429768850

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The Early Development of the Aviation Industry: Entrepreneurs of the Sky provides an introduction to the world of the early aviation industry and the business endeavours of the original aviators. Many of the first pioneers who flew heavier-than-air planes went on to develop considerable industrial concerns. In doing so they exhibited a number of entrepreneurial qualities, which provide useful case studies for those interested in studying how successful entrepreneurs create or develop opportunities at the inception and emergence of high-tech industries. This book looks at the careers of pioneer aviators in the United States, Britain and France such as A.V. Roe, Thomas Sopwith, Glenn Curtiss and William Boeing. It examines this group of entrepreneurs during the start-up and early development stages of an emerging industry undergoing considerable technological change, and relates this experience to contemporary studies and experiences of entrepreneurship. The book explores what made these men successful in their entrepreneurial endeavours to help promote a better understanding of what makes an entrepreneur and what business and economic conditions are needed to allow such men to be successful. This book makes a major contribution to our knowledge of the development of the twentieth century economy and is essential reading for students and academics who are interested in the development of aviation and the nature of entrepreneurial behaviour.

Why Startups Fail

Why Startups Fail PDF

Author: Tom Eisenmann

Publisher: Currency

Published: 2021-03-30

Total Pages: 370

ISBN-13: 0593137027

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If you want your startup to succeed, you need to understand why startups fail. “Whether you’re a first-time founder or looking to bring innovation into a corporate environment, Why Startups Fail is essential reading.”—Eric Ries, founder and CEO, LTSE, and New York Times bestselling author of The Lean Startup and The Startup Way Why do startups fail? That question caught Harvard Business School professor Tom Eisenmann by surprise when he realized he couldn’t answer it. So he launched a multiyear research project to find out. In Why Startups Fail, Eisenmann reveals his findings: six distinct patterns that account for the vast majority of startup failures. • Bad Bedfellows. Startup success is thought to rest largely on the founder’s talents and instincts. But the wrong team, investors, or partners can sink a venture just as quickly. • False Starts. In following the oft-cited advice to “fail fast” and to “launch before you’re ready,” founders risk wasting time and capital on the wrong solutions. • False Promises. Success with early adopters can be misleading and give founders unwarranted confidence to expand. • Speed Traps. Despite the pressure to “get big fast,” hypergrowth can spell disaster for even the most promising ventures. • Help Wanted. Rapidly scaling startups need lots of capital and talent, but they can make mistakes that leave them suddenly in short supply of both. • Cascading Miracles. Silicon Valley exhorts entrepreneurs to dream big. But the bigger the vision, the more things that can go wrong. Drawing on fascinating stories of ventures that failed to fulfill their early promise—from a home-furnishings retailer to a concierge dog-walking service, from a dating app to the inventor of a sophisticated social robot, from a fashion brand to a startup deploying a vast network of charging stations for electric vehicles—Eisenmann offers frameworks for detecting when a venture is vulnerable to these patterns, along with a wealth of strategies and tactics for avoiding them. A must-read for founders at any stage of their entrepreneurial journey, Why Startups Fail is not merely a guide to preventing failure but also a roadmap charting the path to startup success.

Flying Too Close to the Sun

Flying Too Close to the Sun PDF

Author: Sveinn Vidar Gudmundsson

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-12-05

Total Pages: 280

ISBN-13: 135193628X

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Since deregulation in the United States, most jet operating new-entrant carriers have failed. Theories on competition had been put to the test and reality turned out to be different to the vision. To begin with many new-entrant airlines were successful, but were not able to create sustainable strategies to survive as incumbent carriers adjusted to the new operating environment. This book explains the complex issues that led to the almost total failure rate of the 'first wave' new-entrant airlines. The background to the pre-nineties failure predicament is examined in order to give a good overview of the characteristics of new-entrant airlines and of the environment in which they operate. Attention is given to the new-entrants’ strategies and management in order to explore past deficiencies and to pave the way for successful new strategies. The author covers the new-entrants’ structure and then identifies critical factors through distress/failure prediction models. His approach is broad, and conclusions on airline failure are based on a dynamic framework, rather than a simple prescription for success or how to avoid failure. It is hoped that the reader will thereby come to recognize more fully the adaptability of incumbent airlines as well as the past mistakes of new airlines and gain some insights into new airline strategies. The book is in two main parts. The first part establishes what sort of an environment the new-entrants encounter. The second part gives results of a survey research giving an insight into management priorities and organization characteristics at new-entrant airlines and their linkage with good and poor performance. In addition critical factors are derived from failure and distress prediction models based on survey data and financial and traffic data on new-entrants. The final chapter brings together the various parts of the book and covers an inventory of new-entrants’ critical factors. The readership includes managers in

Taking Flight

Taking Flight PDF

Author: M. Houston Johnson

Publisher: Texas A&M University Press

Published: 2019-02-21

Total Pages: 302

ISBN-13: 1623497213

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Taking Flight explores the emergence of commercial aviation between the world wars—and in the midst of the Great Depression—to show that the industry’s dramatic growth resulted from a unique combination of federal policy, technological innovations, and public interest in air travel. Historian M. Houston Johnson V traces the evolution of commercial flying from the US Army’s trial airmail service in the spring of 1918 to the passage of the pivotal Air Commerce Act of 1938. Johnson emphasizes the role of federal policy—particularly as guided by both Herbert Hoover and Franklin Roosevelt—to reveal the close working relationship between federal officials and industry leaders, as well as an increasing dependence on federal assistance by airline, airframe, and engine manufacturers. Taking Flight highlights the federal government’s successful efforts to foster a nascent industry in the midst of an economic crisis without resorting to nationalization, a path taken by virtually all European countries during the same era. It also underscores an important point of continuity between Hoover’s policies and Roosevelt’s New Deal (a sharp departure from many interpretations of Depression-era business history) and shows how both governmental and corporate actors were able to harness America’s ongoing fascination with flying to further a larger economic agenda and facilitate the creation of the world’s largest and most efficient commercial aviation industry. This glimpse into the golden age of flight contributes not only to the history of aviation but also to the larger history of the United States during the Great Depression and the period between the world wars.

Simpli-Flying

Simpli-Flying PDF

Author: Nawal K. Taneja

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-09-29

Total Pages: 274

ISBN-13: 1351900048

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The airline industry is in a state of radical restructuring as its markets and key stakeholders (customers, airline labour and management groups, governments, and the financial community) adjust to the new aviation realities. Airline executives can be forgiven for being overwhelmed by technology proliferation, zestful new paradigm airlines, September 2001, business cycles, Iraq, SARS, and animal diseases. The leadership challenge for all carriers is now to select and execute appropriate business models, thinking both 'inside' and 'outside' the 'box', to turn conventional wisdom upside down to achieve dramatic increases in productivity. Some legacy carriers still need to create an effective strategy for much larger cycles that encompass major discontinuities. Burdened by past decisions, they are forced to fight with one hand tied behind their back to 'convert volume to value', to survive and prosper. Some new airlines have been at the forefront of shaping change, developing a vision of the mass-market, assessing the customer value of their core processes, and using a 'back-to-basics' business approach. Both groups should take a sideways glance at what works in other industries and implement those insights into actions. Some examples featured in this book include: ” Wal-Mart's virtually real time inventory system; ” Target's business model based around a unique customer experience; ” Dell Computers' business model based around direct sales and mass customization; ” Unilever's organizational structure around value creation and value delivery departments; ” Shell International's development of scenarios of alternate futures; ” Harrah's Entertainment's use of information technology to recognize and reward valuable customers; ” The Warehouse's communication system with its suppliers to produce efficiency at both ends for the common benefit of the customer; ” Nissan's cross-functional teams; ” DoCoMo's management of human passion in customers; ” Nike's innovation resulting in 'industry-transforming' products; ” Toyota's 'Construction of Cost Competitiveness for the 21st Century'. Written by an experienced airline business strategist and international in scope, this wide-ranging book identifies challenges and problems, presents comprehensive analyses and suggests some solutions. Key features include: ” a comparison with 14 other business sectors (unique amongst aviation books); ” examples of airlines who have changed their business models; ” a detailed study of branding, including mistakes and critical success factors; ” how to manage risk by transforming supplier relationships; ” plausible scenarios for the future to prepare for major transformation; ” the emerging role of passenger management systems to identify, serve, and retain high value passengers. The author identifies the new realities and the obstacles to change, the need to revitalize product development and renew the customer experience. He deals with public policy and the need to revise supplier relationships, especially with aircraft maintenance providers, and looks at successes and failures in other industries. This is rounded off with a clarion call to governments, labour unions, airports, manufacturers, suppliers and above all airline management, to shake off the past, and to address the challenges and opportunities. His approach is to provide impartial analysis and pragmatic insights into vital enablers of change, potential business models, execution strategy, ways to make stakeholders more influential, wisdom from other businesses, and to present scenarios to make busy executives stop and think. The readership includes the broadest cross-section of practitioners in the global airline and related industries, as well as those affected by the industry and seeking a deeper understanding of it. This includes including airlines, government civil aviation departments, the aviation divisions of the financial community (investment banks and leasing companies), aircraft manufacturers and their suppliers, airports, information technology companies, as well as customers and other stakeholders.

Learning from Entrepreneurial Failure

Learning from Entrepreneurial Failure PDF

Author: Dean A. Shepherd

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2016-03-04

Total Pages: 343

ISBN-13: 1107129273

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Provides an in-depth examination of the psychological obstacles to learning from entrepreneurial failure and how these can be overcome.

Entrepreneurs, Managers, and Leaders

Entrepreneurs, Managers, and Leaders PDF

Author: A. Mayo

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-05-23

Total Pages: 248

ISBN-13: 0230100953

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This book reveals how leadership evolves through the story of the American airline industry across the 20th century. Entrepreneurs dominate the industry's early history, but as the industry evolved a new breed of managers emerged who built a dominant business model that enabled their companies to grow dramatically.