Endotoxins: Structure, Function and Recognition

Endotoxins: Structure, Function and Recognition PDF

Author: Xiaoyuan Wang

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2010-06-30

Total Pages: 419

ISBN-13: 9048190789

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Endotoxins are potentially toxic compounds produced by Gram-negative bacteria including some pathogens. Unlike exotoxins, which are secreted in soluble form by live bacteria, endotoxins are comprised of structural components of bacteria. Endotoxins can cause a whole-body inflammatory state, sepsis, leading to low blood pressure, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and death. This book brings together contributions from researchers in the forefront of these subjects. It is divided into two sections. The first deals with how endotoxins are synthesized and end up on the bacterial surface. The second discussed how endotoxins activate TLR4 and, in turn, how TLR4 generates the molecular signals leading to infectious and inflammatory diseases. The way endotoxins interact with the host cells is fundamental to understanding the mechanism of sepsis, and recent research on these aspects of endotoxins has served to illuminate previously undescribed functions of the innate immune system. This volume presents a description of endotoxins according to their genetic constitution, structure, function and mode of interaction with host cells.

Endotoxins: Structure, Function and Recognition

Endotoxins: Structure, Function and Recognition PDF

Author: Xiaoyuan Wang

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2010-07-12

Total Pages: 415

ISBN-13: 9789048190775

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Endotoxins are potentially toxic compounds produced by Gram-negative bacteria including some pathogens. Unlike exotoxins, which are secreted in soluble form by live bacteria, endotoxins are comprised of structural components of bacteria. Endotoxins can cause a whole-body inflammatory state, sepsis, leading to low blood pressure, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and death. This book brings together contributions from researchers in the forefront of these subjects. It is divided into two sections. The first deals with how endotoxins are synthesized and end up on the bacterial surface. The second discussed how endotoxins activate TLR4 and, in turn, how TLR4 generates the molecular signals leading to infectious and inflammatory diseases. The way endotoxins interact with the host cells is fundamental to understanding the mechanism of sepsis, and recent research on these aspects of endotoxins has served to illuminate previously undescribed functions of the innate immune system. This volume presents a description of endotoxins according to their genetic constitution, structure, function and mode of interaction with host cells.

Endotoxin in Health and Disease

Endotoxin in Health and Disease PDF

Author: Helmut Brade

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1999-07-02

Total Pages: 992

ISBN-13: 9780824719449

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Offering a basis for further research into the interactions of hosts and pathogens, this work gathers up-to-date findings, and details basic structures, functions and immunology. It provides descriptions of a variety of experimental endotoxin neutralizing agents, as well as a guide to clinical research initiatives and the latest treatments.

Periparturient Diseases of Dairy Cows

Periparturient Diseases of Dairy Cows PDF

Author: Burim N. Ametaj

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-12-21

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13: 3319430335

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This book summarizes the results achieved so far by application of various biological systems (including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) involved in the pathomechanisms and early diagnosis of periparturient diseases as specific biomarkers of disease in cattle. These emerging technologies help to extensively enhance our understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of periparturient diseases of transition dairy cows. The book includes a chapter dedicated to ‘omics’ sciences and one that discusses the myths established in animal and veterinary sciences in recent decades and emerging, new paradigms. The diseases discussed include metritis, mastitis, laminitis, ketosis, rumen acidosis, periparturient immunosuppression, gastrointestinal microbiota and their involvement in disease, infertility, fatty liver, milk fever, and retained placenta. This book is intended for academics, veterinarians, animal nutritionists, researchers, and graduate students working in the field of ‘omics sciences’ with a special interest in dairy cattle health.

Endotoxins

Endotoxins PDF

Author: Kevin L. Williams

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2007-02-23

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13:

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This source expertly examines the discovery, biological structure, control, and continued clarification of endotoxin from a parenteral manufacturing perspective, with in-depth discussion of state-of-the-art technologies involving Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) such as assay development, automation, depyrogenation. Completely revised and expanded, this Third Edition contains the knowledge necessary to apply endotoxin testing in the increasingly complex pharmaceutical environment, featuring sections detailing the latest information regarding clinical advances, regulation standards, and validation procedures for computerized kinetic tests.

Endotoxin Detection and Control in Pharma, Limulus, and Mammalian Systems

Endotoxin Detection and Control in Pharma, Limulus, and Mammalian Systems PDF

Author: Kevin L. Williams

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-07-24

Total Pages: 869

ISBN-13: 3030171485

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Endotoxin detection and control is a dynamic area of applied science that touches a vast number of complex subjects. The intersection of test activities includes the use of an ancient blood system from an odd “living fossil” (Limulus). It is used to detect remnants of the most primitive and destructive forms of life (prokaryotes) as contaminants of complex modern systems (mammalian and Pharma). Recent challenges in the field include those associated with the application of traditional methods to new types of molecules and manufacturing processes. The advent of “at will” production of biologics in lieu of harvesting animal proteins has revolutionized the treatment of disease. While the fruits of the biotechnology revolution are widely acknowledged, the realization of the differences in the means of production and changes in the manner of control of potential impurities and contaminants in regard to the new versus the old are less widely appreciated. Endotoxin as an ancient, dynamic interface between lifeforms, provides a singular perspective from which to view the parallel development of ancient and modern organisms as well as the progress of man in deciphering the complexity of their interactions in his efforts to overcome disease.

Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides

Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides PDF

Author: Yuriy A. Knirel

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2011-07-13

Total Pages: 444

ISBN-13: 3709107334

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The bacterial lipopolysaccharide also known as endotoxin is exhaustively covered in the present work. Central emphasis is placed upon the fine chemical structure of the lipopolysaccharide and its significance for understanding their activity and function. In particular, the role it plays in the interaction of bacteria with other biological systems is examined. New aspects of their physicochemical biology are introduced and updates to the current knowledge concerning the lipopolysaccharide are provided. This important class of biomolecules has recently attracted the attention of many investigators, in particular for understanding its involvement in innate immunity, toll-like receptor recognition and intracellular signaling.

Bacterial Endotoxin

Bacterial Endotoxin PDF

Author: International Endotoxin Society. Congress

Publisher:

Published: 1993

Total Pages: 512

ISBN-13:

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The field of endotoxin research is constantly expanding. Modern technology and tools are now providing so much data that the importance of identifying the data which are physiologically relevant and which will lead to the effective treatment of the wide variety of clinical disorders in which endotoxin may play an important role has assumed even greater significance than before. This book, the second volume in the Endotoxin Research series, presents all the papers formally presented at the above mentioned symposium, along with summaries of each session and important questions posed during the discussion periods.

Inflammation, 4 Volume Set

Inflammation, 4 Volume Set PDF

Author: Jean-Marc Cavaillon

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2018-02-20

Total Pages: 1818

ISBN-13: 3527338993

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The leading reference on this topic of increasing medical relevance is unique in offering unparalleled coverage. The editors are among the most respected researchers in inflammation worldwide and here have put together a prestigious team of contributors. Starting with the molecular basis of inflammation, from cytokines via the innate immune system to the different kinds of inflammatory cells, they continue with the function of inflammation in infectious disease before devoting a large section to the relationship between inflammation and chronic diseases. The book concludes with wound and tissue healing and options for therapeutic interventions. A must have for clinicians and biomedical researchers alike.

Polysaccharides

Polysaccharides PDF

Author: Inamuddin

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2021-06-29

Total Pages: 786

ISBN-13: 111971138X

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This book provides the whole spectrum of polysaccharides from basic concepts to commercial market applications. Chapters cover various types of sources, classification, properties, characterization, processing, rheology and fabrication of polysaccharide-based materials and their composites and gels. The applications of polysaccharides include in cosmetics, food science, drug delivery, biomedicine, biofuel production, marine, packaging, chromatography and environmental remediation. It also reviews the fabrication of inorganic and carbon nanomaterials from polysaccharides. The book incorporates industrial applications and will fill the gap between the exploration works in the laboratory and viable applications in related ventures.