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Endohedral Fullerenes

Author: Shangfeng Yang

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 447

ISBN-13: 9814489840

Endohedral fullerenes represent a novel family of carbon nanostructures, which are characterized by a robust fullerene cage with atoms, ions, or clusters trapped in its interior. Since the first separation of the endohedral metallofullerene La@C 82 in 1991, a large variety of endohedral structures have been isolated and their endohedral nature has been proved by experimental studies. Within the past two decades, the world of endohedral fullerenes was significantly enlarged by the clusterfullerenes and the new carbon cages including non-IPR (IPR=isolated pentagon rule) structures. Resulting from the charge transfer from the encaged species to the fullerene cage, endohedral fullerenes hold a lot of fascinating properties inaccessible by the empty fullerenes, and consequently promise potential applications in biomedicine, molecular electronics and photonics etc. The book provides a comprehensive overview of endohedral fullerenes focused on the new advances in the past decade, including its fundamentals (structures), synthesis, isolation, characterization, properties, functionalization as well as the applications, thus representing the most updated and broad review of this exciting field. Sample Chapter(s). Foreword (52 KB). Chapter 1: The Early Days of Metallofullerene Research (457 KB). Contents: Conventional Endohedral Metallofullerenes; Synthesis and Isolation of Endohedral Fullerenes; Structure of Endohedral Fullerenes; Metal Nitride Clusterfullerenes; Metal Carbide Clusterfullerenes; Non-IPR Endohedral Fullerenes; Metal Oxide Clusterfullerenes; Nitrogen Atom-Based Endohedral Fullerenes; Rare Gas Atoms-Based Endohedral Fullerenes; Electrochemical Properties of Endohedral Fullerenes; Chemistry of Endohedral Metallofullerenes; Computational Study of Endohedral Fullerenes; Biomedical Applications of Endohedral Fullerenes; Photovoltaic Applications of Endohedral Fullerenes. Readership: Advanced undergraduates and graduate students, scientists in Chemistry, Physics, and Materials Science, researchers and professionals in the fields of fullerenes and all-carbon nanomaterials, and the general public.

Endohedral Metallofullerenes

Author: Xing Lu

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2014-12-10

Total Pages: 286

ISBN-13: 1466593946

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Knowledge on endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs) has increased dramatically during the last decade. Numerous research findings have been reported, making it an opportune time to provide a systematic update on EMFs. Endohedral Metallofullerenes: Basics and Applications presents the most comprehensive review on all aspects of EMFs including their generation, extraction and isolation, structural issues, theories, intrinsic properties, chemical behaviors, and potential applications. In this book, the editors have collected an impressive amount of information regarding this family of a truly sui generis form of matter. The book’s authors were chosen for their specific expertise in EMF research and have been gathered from top research groups from around the world. Graduate students, newcomers to the field, and experienced researchers alike will find this book a highly useful reference on the topic.

Endohedral Fullerenes: From Fundamentals To Applications

Author: Shangfeng Yang

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2014-04-01

Total Pages: 447

ISBN-13: 9814489859

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Endohedral Metallofullerenes

Author: Hisanori Shinohara

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2015-07-01

Total Pages: 288

ISBN-13: 1118698010

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Endohedral Metallofullerenes: Fullerenes with Metal Inside presents a comprehensive survey of the current state of knowledge on endohedral metallofullerenes, from preparation to functionalization, reactivity and applications. Following a brief historical overview, the book describes methods for synthesis, extraction, separation and purification, and provides an insight into the molecular and crystal structures. Subsequent chapters discuss various categories of endohedral metallofullerenes based on the encapsulated species, including carbides, nitrides, sulphides, oxides, non-metal and non-IPR endohedral metallofullerenes, followed by scanning tunneling microscopy studies and the examination of electronic, vibrational, magnetic and optical properties. The book concludes with chapters addressing the chemical functionalization of endohedral metallofullerenes, and applications ranging from solar cells to biomedicine.

Endohedral Fullerenes and Their Interaction with Surface

Author: Kaliappan Muthukumar

Publisher:

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 130

ISBN-13:

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Fullerenes, the hollow carbon cages of order of 1 nm in diameter, are considered as building block for nanoscience and are employed in many areas of applied and fundamental nanoscience. Endohedral fullerenes represent a remarkable form of matter where an atom or cluster of atoms is encapsulated within a fullerene cage. With potential applications ranging from 'tracers' in biological systems to qubits in quantum computers, endohedral fullerenes - in common with the entire family of fullerene molecules - are an extremely important molecular material in state-of-the-art nanoscience. Despite this, there is a paucity of work related to the determination of ground state structure of endohedral fullerenes and elucidating their interactions with solid surfaces - an essential prerequisite for many nanotechnological applications. In this thesis, we present our results on the structural, electronic and vibrational characterization of cerium endohedral fullerenes such as Ce@C60, Ce@C78, Ce2@C78, Ce@C80, Ce2@C80, Ce@C82, etc,. We analyze the preferential bonding site of Ce in these cages, which differ in size and symmetry, and propose a general postulate for the growth mechanism of endohedral fullerenes. Also, we explain the nature of the charge transfer between the Ce atoms and the cage (C78, C82 and C80) and elucidate the oxidation state of Ce in these materials by comparing the charge transfer in the conventional Ce tri halides (CeF3, CeBr3). In addition, we analyse the computed electron density and describe various features observed in the spectrum of Ce@C82 and Ce2@C80 in a variety of experiments (scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM), scanning tunnelling spectroscopy (STS), in-elastic tunnelling spectroscopy and resonant photoemission spectroscopy (RESPES) by simulating them with density functional theory (DFT).

Handbook of Fullerene Science and Technology

Author: Xing Lu

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-09-24

Total Pages: 1029

ISBN-13: 9811689946

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Nanocarbon chemistry and physics is a fast-developing, broad research area – the Nobel prizes in 1996 and 2010 awarded to two key discoveries in the field, and several other nanocarbon achievements of comparable importance. Owing to this rapid growth, the nanocarbon landscape fundamentally changes every few years, creating a need to survey the field on a regular basis to update the books that have become incomplete or even obsolete. As such, this book focuses on fullerenes and metallofullerenes and also on the related areas of nanotubes and graphenes. All the covered research topics provide important fundamental knowledge for the natural sciences, but also for applications in molecular electronics, superconductivity, catalysis, photovoltaics and medical diagnostics. The current nanocarbon research activities have particularly high application potential in the conversion of solar energy, future molecular memories, non-conventional materials for optoelectronics, and new treatments for civilization diseases. Offering a truly up-to-date critical survey of nanocarbon science, its concepts and highlights, it follows the concept of a handbook: it addresses key topics systematically, from historical background, methodological aspects, current important issues, and application potential, all supplied with extensive referencing. With individual chapters written by leading experts with extensive research experience, it is a comprehensive reference resource for graduate students and active researchers alike.

Functionalization of Endohedral Fullerenes and Their Application in Quantum Information Processing

Author: Guoquan Liu

Publisher:

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Endohedral Fullerenes: Electron Transfer and Spin

Author: Alexey A. Popov

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-05-23

Total Pages: 333

ISBN-13: 3319470493

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This book discusses recent progress in endohedral fullerenes – their production and separation techniques, as well as their characterization and properties. Furthermore, the book delves into the all-important issue of stability by investigating electron transfer between the encapsulated metal species and the carbon cage. It also reviews spin-based phenomena caused by the shielding of endohedral spin by the fullerene, and analyzes formation of the spin states by charge transfer as studied by electron spin resonance. Tuning of charge states of endohedral species and of spin states of both the cage and the cluster are explained. Finally, the book considers the recent discovery of magnetism in some endohedral fullerenes, and the potential for quantum computing.

Fullerenes and Relative Materials

Author: Natalia Kamanina

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2018-04-25

Total Pages: 156

ISBN-13: 1789230225

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In the period of rapid and intensive development of general electronics, this book entitled Fullerenes and Relative Materials - Properties and Applications is quite systematic and useful. It considers some aspects on synthesis, structural, vibrational, tribology, and optical properties of the fullerenes and relative materials. Some parts of the book present the specific area of the applications of the studied nanostructures. The book contains eight chapters. The special approach and interesting results on the unique properties of the materials studied as well as the different areas of their applications in general optoelectronics, solar energy and gas storage, laser and display, and biomedicine are shown. It is important for education process and for the civil and special device operations.

Synthesis and Applications of Nanocarbons

Author: Jean-Charles Arnault

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2020-08-28

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 1119429390

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A crucial overview of the cutting-edge in nanocarbon research and applications In Synthesis and Applications of Nanocarbons, the distinguished authors have set out to discuss fundamental topics, synthetic approaches, materials challenges, and various applications of this rapidly developing technology. Nanocarbons have recently emerged as a promising material for chemical, energy, environmental, and medical applications because of their unique chemical properties and their rich surface chemistries. This book is the latest entry in the Wiley book series Nanocarbon Chemistry and Interfaces and seeks to comprehensively address many of the newly surfacing areas of controversy and development in the field. This book introduces foundational concepts in nanocarbon technology, hybrids, and applications, while also covering the most recent and cutting-edge developments in this area of study. Synthesis and Applications of Nanocarbons addresses new discoveries in the field, including: · Nanodiamonds · Onion-like carbons · Carbon nanotubes · Fullerenes · Carbon dots · Carbon fibers · Graphene · Aerographite This book provides a transversal view of the various nanocarbon materials and hybrids and helps to share knowledge between the communities of each material and hybrid type.