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Communicating Science in Times of Crisis

Author: H. Dan O'Hair

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2021-05-11

Total Pages: 452

ISBN-13: 1119751772

Learn more about how people communicate during crises with this insightful collection of resources In Communicating Science in Times of Crisis: COVID-19 Pandemic, distinguished academics and editors H. Dan O’Hair and Mary John O’Hair have delivered an insightful collection of resources designed to shed light on the implications of attempting to communicate science to the public in times of crisis. Using the recent and ongoing coronavirus outbreak as a case study, the authors explain how to balance scientific findings with social and cultural issues, the ability of media to facilitate science and mitigate the impact of adverse events, and the ethical repercussions of communication during unpredictable, ongoing events. The first volume in a set of two, Communicating Science in Times of Crisis: COVID-19 Pandemic isolates a particular issue or concern in each chapter and exposes the difficult choices and processes facing communicators in times of crisis or upheaval. The book connects scientific issues with public policy and creates a coherent fabric across several communication studies and disciplines. The subjects addressed include: A detailed background discussion of historical medical crises and how they were handled by the scientific and political communities of the time Cognitive and emotional responses to communications during a crisis Social media communication during a crisis, and the use of social media by authority figures during crises Communications about health care-related subjects Data strategies undertaken by people in authority during the coronavirus crisis Perfect for communication scholars and researchers who focus on media and communication, Communicating Science in Times of Crisis: COVID-19 Pandemic also has a place on the bookshelves of those who specialize in particular aspects of the contexts raised in each of the chapters: social media communication, public policy, and health care.

Understanding Human Dynamics from Large-scale Location-centric Social Media Data

Author: Dingqi Yang

Publisher:

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Human dynamics is an essential aspect of human centric computing. As a transdisciplinary research field, it focuses on understanding the underlying patterns, relationships, and changes of human behavior. By exploring human dynamics, we can understand not only individual's behavior, such as a presence at a specific place, but also collective behaviors, such as social movement. Understanding human dynamics can thus enable various applications, such as personalized location based services. However, before the availability of ubiquitous smart devices (e.g., smartphones), it is practically hard to collect large-scale human behavior data. With the ubiquity of GPS-equipped smart phones, location based social media has gained increasing popularity in recent years, making large-scale user activity data become attainable. Via location based social media, users can share their activities as real-time presences at Points of Interests (POIs), such as a restaurant or a bar, within their social circles. Such data brings an unprecedented opportunity to study human dynamics. In this dissertation, based on large-scale location centric social media data, we study human dynamics from both individual and collective perspectives. From individual perspective, we study user preference on POIs with different granularities and its applications in personalized location based services, as well as the spatial-temporal regularity of user activities. From collective perspective, we explore the global scale collective activity patterns with both country and city granularities, and also identify their correlations with diverse human cultures.

Understanding Human Perception of Place with Geospatial Data Science

Author: Yuhao Kang (Ph.D.)

Publisher:

Published: 2023

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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This doctoral dissertation research is designed to advance our understanding of human perceptions of places using geospatial data science. Measuring human perceptions of places, such as how safe and lively a neighborhood is, is crucial for investigating the human sense of place and for furthering our knowledge of human-environment relationships. However, previous studies using interpretive approaches (e.g., interviews, questionnaires) to measure human perceptions of places face challenges such as high labor intensity, long update periods, and geographic scale limitations. Geospatial data science, including the usage of multiple sources of urban big data (e.g., street view imagery, human mobility) and the development of advanced geospatial artificial intelligence (GeoAI), provides unprecedented opportunities for researchers to not only model objective geographic phenomenon but also assess subjective human perceptions of places from a variety of dimensions (e.g., lively, safe, wealthy).Here, we first introduce a computational framework to measure human perceptions of places from a data-driven perspective. We employ geocomputational approaches to assess human perceptions of places with large-scale street view images and advanced GeoAI approaches. By comparing with conventional interpretive approaches, we illustrate the effectiveness of geospatial data science for measuring human perceptions of places and acknowledge its potential biases and challenges. We then explore what and how various urban design and environmental factors may affect people's place perceptions to inform city developments. After that, we demonstrate how human subjective perceptions of place might be integrated into place-based spatial analytics and highlight the critical role of human place perception in understanding human-environment interactions. This dissertation is developed based on the author's three peer-reviewed journal articles and has been arranged as chapters 4, 5, and 6. This work makes contributions to the broader fields of GIScience, geography, and urban planning. First, it shows how socioeconomic and environmental factors influence human perceptions of places and reveals the complex interactions between human activities and the physical environment. Second, it provides insights and decision-making suggestions for urban planners and governments toward building safer, livelier, and wealthier communities and cities. Third, it illustrates how humanistic insights can be integrated into geospatial data science and offers insights for addressing ethical issues in the development of GIScience.

Crowdsourcing Geographic Knowledge

Author: Daniel Sui

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-08-10

Total Pages: 394

ISBN-13: 9400745877

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The phenomenon of volunteered geographic information is part of a profound transformation in how geographic data, information, and knowledge are produced and circulated. By situating volunteered geographic information (VGI) in the context of big-data deluge and the data-intensive inquiry, the 20 chapters in this book explore both the theories and applications of crowdsourcing for geographic knowledge production with three sections focusing on 1). VGI, Public Participation, and Citizen Science; 2). Geographic Knowledge Production and Place Inference; and 3). Emerging Applications and New Challenges. This book argues that future progress in VGI research depends in large part on building strong linkages with diverse geographic scholarship. Contributors of this volume situate VGI research in geography’s core concerns with space and place, and offer several ways of addressing persistent challenges of quality assurance in VGI. This book positions VGI as part of a shift toward hybrid epistemologies, and potentially a fourth paradigm of data-intensive inquiry across the sciences. It also considers the implications of VGI and the exaflood for further time-space compression and new forms, degrees of digital inequality, the renewed importance of geography, and the role of crowdsourcing for geographic knowledge production.

Geospatial Technologies and Geography Education in a Changing World

Author: Osvaldo Muñiz Solari

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2015-08-31

Total Pages: 231

ISBN-13: 4431555196

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This book is an initiative presented by the Commission on Geographical Education of the International Geographical Union. It focuses particularly on what has been learned from geospatial projects and research from the past decades of implementing geospatial technologies (GST) in formal and informal education. The objective of this publication is to inform an international audience of teachers, professionals, scholars, and policymakers about the state of the art and prospects of geospatial practices (GPs) as organized activities that use GST and lessons learned in relation to geographical education. GST make up an advanced body of knowledge developed by practitioners of geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing (RS), global positioning systems, (GPS), and digital cartography (DC). GST have long been applied in many different sectors; however, their first use in higher education began in the early 1980s and then diffused to secondary schools during the 1990s. Starting with GIS and RS, it evolved into a much broader context, as GST expanded to include GPS and DC with new communication technologies and Internet applications. GST have been used around the world as a combination of tools and special techniques to make research, teaching, and learning more effective.

Global Challenges for the Environment and Climate Change

Author: Idris, Sofia

Publisher: IGI Global

Published: 2024-07-22

Total Pages: 510

ISBN-13:

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Rampant deforestation, rising carbon emissions, and more unprecedented threats are creating chaos and turmoil for the environment. The delicate balance between nature and humanity seems to waver on the brink of collapse. Climate change exacerbates standard occurrences of natural disasters, and endangers countless species. Amid these daunting challenges, the need for comprehensive research and actionable solutions has never been greater. Global Challenges for the Environment and Climate Change draws upon the latest research and empirical findings, and offers a roadmap for navigating the complexities of our interconnected world. Exploring topics such as climate change, sustainable consumption, and global governance equips readers with the knowledge and insights needed to effect meaningful change.