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Elements of Structures and Defects of Crystalline Materials

Author: Tsang-Tse Fang

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2018-01-25

Total Pages: 233

ISBN-13: 0128142693

Elements of Structures and Defects of Crystalline Materials has been written to cover not only the fundamental principles behind structures and defects, but also to provide deep insights into understanding the relationships of properties, defect chemistry and processing of the concerned materials. Part One deals with structures, while Part Two covers defects. Since the knowledge of the electron configuration of elements is necessary for understanding the nature of chemical bonding, it is discussed in the opening chapter. Chapter Two then describes the bonding formation within the crystal structures of varied materials, with Chapter Three delving into how a material’s structure is formed. In view of the importance of the effects of the structure distortion on the material properties due to the fields, the related topics have been included in section 3.4. Moreover, several materials still under intensive investigation have been illustrated to provide deep insights into understanding the effects of the relationships of processing, structures and defects on the material properties. The defects of materials are explored in Part II. Chapter 4 deals with the point defects of metal and ceramics. Chapter 5 covers the fundamentals of the characteristics of dislocations, wherein physics and the atomic mechanics of several issues have been described in detail. In view of the significant influence of the morphologies including size, shape and distribution of grains, phases on the microstructure evolution, and, in turn, the properties of materials, the final chapter focuses on the fundamentals of interface energies, including single phase (grain) boundary and interphase boundary. Discusses the relationship between properties, defect chemistry and the processing of materials Presents coverage of the fundamental principles behind structures and defects Includes information on two-dimensional and three-dimensional imperfections in solids

Structure and Bonding in Crystalline Materials

Author: Gregory S. Rohrer

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2001-07-19

Total Pages: 554

ISBN-13: 9780521663793

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One of the motivating questions in materials research today is, how can elements be combined to produce a solid with specified properties? This book is intended to acquaint the reader with established principles of crystallography and cohesive forces that are needed to address the fundamental relationship between the composition, structure and bonding. Starting with an introduction to periodic trends, the book discusses crystal structures and the various primary and secondary bonding types, and finishes by describing a number of models for predicting phase stability and structure. Containing a large number of worked examples, exercises, and detailed descriptions of numerous crystal structures, this book is primarily intended as an advanced undergraduate or graduate level textbook for students of materials science. It will also be useful to scientists and engineers who work with solid materials.

Crystallography and Crystal Defects

Author: Anthony Kelly

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2020-06-02

Total Pages: 584

ISBN-13: 1119420172

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The classic book that presents a unified approach to crystallography and the defects found within crystals, revised and updated This new edition of Crystallography and Crystal Defects explains the modern concepts of crystallography in a clear, succinct manner and shows how to apply these concepts in the analyses of point, line and planar defects in crystalline materials. Fully revised and updated, this book now includes: Original source references to key crystallographic terms familiar to materials scientists Expanded discussion on the elasticity of cubic materials New content on texture that contains more detail on Euler angles, orientation distribution functions and an expanded discussion on examples of textures in engineering materials Additional content on dislocations in materials of symmetry lower than cubic An expanded discussion of twinning which includes the description and classification of growth twins The inclusion and explanation of results from atomistic modelling of twin boundaries Problem sets with new questions, detailed worked solutions, supplementary lecture material and online computer programs for crystallographic calculations. Written by authors with extensive lecturing experience at undergraduate level, Crystallography and Crystal Defects, Third Edition continues to take its place as the core text on the topic and provides the essential resource for students and researchers in metallurgy, materials science, physics, chemistry, electrical, civil and mechanical engineering.

Imperfections in Crystalline Solids

Author: Wei Cai

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2016-09-15

Total Pages: 535

ISBN-13: 1107123135

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An accessible textbook providing students with a working knowledge of the properties of defects in crystals, in a step-by-step tutorial style.

Structure of Crystalline Solids, Imperfections and Defects in Crystals

Author: Costel Rizescu

Publisher:

Published: 2018-03

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781947641174

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This book contains a unified approach to crystallography and the structural imperfections and defects found within crystals. The reason the authors chose for treating these two subjects together was that the study of the first is necessary for a proper appreciation of the second. Understanding the idea of lattice and of the crystal classes firstly will help its relevance to the study of imperfections, defects, and phase transformations in the second part of the book. Split into two parts: the "Structure of the Crystalline Solids" and the "Imperfections and Defects in Crystals", and each broken into subchapters, this volume combines the classical and exact description of the symmetry of a perfect crystal with the possible geometries of the major defects-dislocations, stacking faults, point, line, surface and volume defects, twins, and the effects of martensitic transformation in iron. The first part presents a systematic treatment of the basics of crystallography, discussing space lattice, unit cells, symmetry, point groups, crystal systems in terms of Miller indices for crystallographic points, directions, and planes, and zone axis, as well. A number of important concepts such as packing factor, atomic radius, linear, planar, and volume density, polymorphism, allotropes, interstitial sites in cubic and hexagonal structures, and structural features of the most representative compounds used nowadays in a myriad of applications are introduced and carefully explained. In the second part, the authors guide the reader in a step-by-step way through point, line, planar, and volume defects, with an emphasis on their structural properties.A large amount of the latest critically evaluated data for the properties of all elements on the periodic table of the elements, including hundreds of up-to-date crystal structure data are presented. Each chapter contains the logical presentation of concepts supported by suitably chosen examples and worked problems. Hundreds of illustrations within the text help the reader visualize crystal structures and mathematical objects, supporting important topics, but also illustrating crystalline structures found in thousands of compounds. A concise summary and plenty of review questions and problems at the end reinforce the important key points.

Imperfections in Crystals

Author: Hendrik Gerard Bueren

Publisher:

Published: 1960

Total Pages: 748

ISBN-13:

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Structure and Bonding in Crystalline Materials

Author: Gregory S. Rohrer

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2001-07-19

Total Pages: 554

ISBN-13: 1139936395

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Crystal Defects and Crystalline Interfaces

Author: Walter Bollmann

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 264

ISBN-13: 3642491731

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It is nonnal for the preface to explain the motivation behind the writing of the book. Since many good books dealing with the general theory of crystal defects already exist, a new book has to be especially justified, and here its main justification lies in its treatment of crystal line interfaces. About 1961, the work of the author, essentially based on the fundamental work of Professor F. C. Frank, started to branch away from the main flow of thought in this field and eventually led to a general geometrical theory which is presented as a whole for the first time in this book. Although nearly all that is presented has already been published in different journals and symposia, it might be difficult for the reader to follow that literature, as a new terminology and new methods of analysis had to be developed. Special emphasis is given to discussion and many diagrams are included in order that a clear view of the basic concepts be obtained. Intennediate summaries try to bring out the main points of the chapters. Instead of specific exercises, general suggestions for them are given. The part up to chapter 9 is considered more or less as introductory, so that the book can be studied without specific knowledge of crystals and crystal defects. The presentation of that part developed out of lectures given by the author at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich.

First-Principles Prediction of Structures and Properties in Crystals

Author: Dominik Kurzydlowsk

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2019-10-25

Total Pages: 128

ISBN-13: 3039216708

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The term “first-principles calculations” is a synonym for the numerical determination of the electronic structure of atoms, molecules, clusters, or materials from ‘first principles’, i.e., without any approximations to the underlying quantum-mechanical equations. Although numerous approximate approaches have been developed for small molecular systems since the late 1920s, it was not until the advent of the density functional theory (DFT) in the 1960s that accurate “first-principles” calculations could be conducted for crystalline materials. The rapid development of this method over the past two decades allowed it to evolve from an explanatory to a truly predictive tool. Yet, challenges remain: complex chemical compositions, variable external conditions (such as pressure), defects, or properties that rely on collective excitations—all represent computational and/or methodological bottlenecks. This Special Issue comprises a collection of papers that use DFT to tackle some of these challenges and thus highlight what can (and cannot yet) be achieved using first-principles calculations of crystals.

Principles of Inorganic Materials Design

Author: John N. Lalena

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2005-05-13

Total Pages: 440

ISBN-13: 0471714887

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A unique interdisciplinary approach to inorganic materialsdesign Textbooks intended for the training of chemists in the inorganicmaterials field often omit many relevant topics. With itsinterdisciplinary approach, this book fills that gap by presentingconcepts from chemistry, physics, materials science, metallurgy,and ceramics in a unified treatment targeted towards the chemistryaudience. Semiconductors, metal alloys and intermetallics, as wellas ceramic substances are covered. Accordingly, the book shouldalso be useful to students and working professionals in a varietyof other disciplines. This book discusses a number of topics that are pertinent to thedesign of new inorganic materials but are typically not covered instandard solid-state chemistry books. The authors start with anintroduction to structure at the mesoscopic level and progress tosmaller-length scales. Next, detailed consideration is given toboth phenomenological and atomistic-level descriptions of transportproperties, the metal-nonmetal transition, magnetic and dielectricproperties, optical properties, and mechanical properties. Finally,the authors present introductions to phase equilibria, synthesis,and nanomaterials. Other features include: * Worked examples demonstrating concepts unfamiliar to thechemist * Extensive references to related literature, leading readers tomore in-depth coverage of particular topics * Biographies introducing the reader to great contributors to thefield of inorganic materials science in the twentieth century With their interdisciplinary approach, the authors have set thegroundwork for communication and understanding among professionalsin varied disciplines who are involved with inorganic materialsengineering. Armed with this publication, students and researchersin inorganic and physical chemistry, physics, materials science,and engineering will be better equipped to face today's complexdesign challenges. This textbook is appropriate for senior-levelundergraduate and graduate course work.