Diurnal Variation in the Fine Fuel Moisture Code

Diurnal Variation in the Fine Fuel Moisture Code PDF

Author: B. D. Lawson

Publisher: Canadian Forest Service

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 32

ISBN-13:

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Forest fire managers must be able to predict the normal variation in fine fuel moisture around the clock, since it is a critical factor that affects the behaviour and control of wildfires and prescribed burns. The Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System contains a Fine Fuel Moisture Code (FFMC) that produces a standard daily index of expected fine fuel moisture at the mid-afternoon peak of fire danger, but does not output normal diurnal variation in FFMC. This paper documents the development and updating of an earlier model of diurnal variation in FFMC, presents the underlying equations and a lookup table, and announces the availability of a computer program version of the model for various user applications.

Modeling Moisture Content of Fine Dead Wildland Fuels

Modeling Moisture Content of Fine Dead Wildland Fuels PDF

Author: Richard C. Rothermel

Publisher:

Published: 1986

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13:

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Describes a model for predicting moisture content of fine fuels for use with the BEHAVE fire behavior and fuel modeling system. The model is intended to meet the need for more accurate predictions of fine fuel moisture, particularly in northern conifer stands and on days following rain. The model is based on the Canadian Fine Fuel Moisture Code (FFMC), modified to account for solar heating of fuels and to predict diurnal trends in fine fuel moisture. The model may be initiated without extensive data on prior weather. When compared to the FFMC and the fire behavior officers' procedures, the new model gave consistently better predictions over the complete range of fuel conditions.

Wildland Fire Danger Estimation And Mapping: The Role Of Remote Sensing Data

Wildland Fire Danger Estimation And Mapping: The Role Of Remote Sensing Data PDF

Author: Emilio Chuvieco

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2003-09-29

Total Pages: 280

ISBN-13: 981448525X

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The book presents a wide range of techniques for extracting information from satellite remote sensing images in forest fire danger assessment. It covers the main concepts involved in fire danger rating, and analyses the inputs derived from remotely sensed data for mapping fire danger at both the local and global scale. The questions addressed concern the estimation of fuel moisture content, the description of fuel structural properties, the estimation of meteorological danger indices, the analysis of human factors associated with fire ignition, and the integration of different risk factors in a geographic information system for fire danger management.

Wildland Fires and Air Pollution

Wildland Fires and Air Pollution PDF

Author: Andrzej Bytnerowicz

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 688

ISBN-13: 0080556094

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Wildland fires are one of the most devastating and terrifying forces of nature. While their effects are mostly destructive they also help with regeneration of forests and other ecosystems. Low-intensity fires clear accumulating biomass reducing risk of catastrophic crown fires and can be used as an effective management tool. This book presents current understanding of wildland fires and air quality as well as their effects on human health, forests and other ecosystems. in the first section of the book the basics of wildland fires and resulting emissions are presented from the perspective of changing global climate, air quality impairment and effects on environmental and human health and security. in the second section, effects of wildland fires on air quality, visibility and human health in various regions of the Earth are discussed. The third section of the book deals with complex issues of the ecological impacts of fires and air pollution in forests and chaparral in North America. The fourth section discusses various management issues facing land and fire managers which are related to wildfires, use of prescribed fires, and air quality. This section also presents various modeling systems used for describing fire dangers and behavior as well as smoke and air pollution predictions applied in the risk assessment analysis. The book concludes with a series of expert recommendations for wildland fire and atmospheric research.

Weather Guide for the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System

Weather Guide for the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System PDF

Author: B. D. Lawson

Publisher:

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 90

ISBN-13:

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This weather guide includes detailed specifications for locating and instrumenting fire weather stations, taking weather observations, and overwintering the Drought Code component of the FWI System. The sensitivity of the FWI System components to weather elements is represented quantitatively. The importance of weather that is not directly observable is discussed in the context of fuel moisture and fire behavior. Current developments in the observation and measurement of fire weather and the forecasting of fire danger are discussed, along with the implications for the reporting of fire weather of increasingly automated fire management information systems.

Modelling, Monitoring and Management of Forest Fires

Modelling, Monitoring and Management of Forest Fires PDF

Author: J. de las Heras

Publisher: WIT Press

Published: 2008-08-26

Total Pages: 433

ISBN-13: 1845641418

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At present there is insufficient knowledge of the behavior of fires and how they propagate. This lack of information makes it very hard to control these phenomena and is one of the biggest obstacles to the development of a reliable decision support system. Public concern regarding this topic is increasing as uncontrolled fires may lead to major ecological disasters, and usually result in negative economic and health implications for the region. Containing papers presented at the First International Conference on Modelling, Monitoring and Management of Forest Fires, this book addresses the latest research and applications of available computational tools to analyse and predict the spread of forest fires in order to prevent or reduce major loss of life and property as well as damage to the environment. Such tools must be able to take into consideration a large number of different parameters. The book thus deals with all aspects of forest fires, from fire propagation in different scenarios to the optimum strategies for fire-fighting. It also covers issues related to economic, ecological, social and health effects. Featured topics include: Computer Models for Fire Propagation; Risk and Vulnerability Assessment; Fire Combustion Models; Computational Methods and Experiments; Case Studies; Emergency Response Systems; Optimization Models for Fire Mitigation; Environmental Impact Models; Air Pollution and Health Risk; Interaction between Meteorological and Forest Fires Models; Economic Impact Models; Forest Material Characterisation; Eco Remediation Models; Decision Support Systems; Monitoring Systems and Data Acquisition and Analysis.

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