Distributed Cognition and the Will

Distributed Cognition and the Will PDF

Author: Don Ross

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 381

ISBN-13: 0262681692

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Philosophers and behavioral scientists discuss what, if anything, of the traditional concept of individual conscious will can survive recent scientific discoveries that human decision-making is distributed across different brain processes and through the social environment. Recent scientific findings about human decision making would seem to threaten the traditional concept of the individual conscious will. The will is threatened from "below" by the discovery that our apparently spontaneous actions are actually controlled and initiated from below the level of our conscious awareness, and from "above" by the recognition that we adapt our actions according to social dynamics of which we are seldom aware. In Distributed Cognition and the Will, leading philosophers and behavioral scientists consider how much, if anything, of the traditional concept of the individual conscious will survives these discoveries, and they assess the implications for our sense of freedom and responsibility. The contributors all take science seriously, and they are inspired by the idea that apparent threats to the cogency of the idea of will might instead become the basis of its reemergence as a scientific subject. They consider macro-scale issues of society and culture, the micro-scale dynamics of the mind/brain, and connections between macro-scale and micro-scale phenomena in the self-guidance and self-regulation of personal behavior. Contributors George Ainslie, Wayne Christensen, Andy Clark, Paul Sheldon Davies, Daniel C. Dennett, Lawrence A. Lengbeyer, Dan Lloyd, Philip Pettit, Don Ross, Tamler Sommers, Betsy Sparrow, Mariam Thalos, Jeffrey B. Vancouver, Daniel M. Wegner, Tadeusz W. Zawidzki

Cognition in the Wild

Cognition in the Wild PDF

Author: Edwin Hutchins

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 1996-08-26

Total Pages: 403

ISBN-13: 0262581469

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Edwin Hutchins combines his background as an anthropologist and an open ocean racing sailor and navigator in this account of how anthropological methods can be combined with cognitive theory to produce a new reading of cognitive science. His theoretical insights are grounded in an extended analysis of ship navigation—its computational basis, its historical roots, its social organization, and the details of its implementation in actual practice aboard large ships. The result is an unusual interdisciplinary approach to cognition in culturally constituted activities outside the laboratory—"in the wild." Hutchins examines a set of phenomena that have fallen in the cracks between the established disciplines of psychology and anthropology, bringing to light a new set of relationships between culture and cognition. The standard view is that culture affects the cognition of individuals. Hutchins argues instead that cultural activity systems have cognitive properties of their own that are different from the cognitive properties of the individuals who participate in them. Each action for bringing a large naval vessel into port, for example, is informed by culture: the navigation team can be seen as a cognitive and computational system. Introducing Navy life and work on the bridge, Hutchins makes a clear distinction between the cognitive properties of an individual and the cognitive properties of a system. In striking contrast to the usual laboratory tasks of research in cognitive science, he applies the principal metaphor of cognitive science—cognition as computation (adopting David Marr's paradigm)—to the navigation task. After comparing modern Western navigation with the method practiced in Micronesia, Hutchins explores the computational and cognitive properties of systems that are larger than an individual. He then turns to an analysis of learning or change in the organization of cognitive systems at several scales. Hutchins's conclusion illustrates the costs of ignoring the cultural nature of cognition, pointing to the ways in which contemporary cognitive science can be transformed by new meanings and interpretations. A Bradford Book

Foundations and Theoretical Perspectives of Distributed Team Cognition

Foundations and Theoretical Perspectives of Distributed Team Cognition PDF

Author: Michael McNeese

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2020-09-28

Total Pages: 237

ISBN-13: 042986177X

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The background and interwoven streams of team cognition and distributed cognition fermenting together has wielded new nuances of exploration, which continue to be relevant for a theoretical understanding of team phenomena. Foundations and Theoretical Perspectives of Distributed Teams Cognition looks at fundamentals, theoretical concepts, and how theory informs perspectives of thinking for distributed team cognition. The chapters yield a broad understanding of the nature of diverse thinking and insights into technologies, foundations, and theoretical perspectives of distributed team cognition. Features Generates historical patterns and significance that compose developmental trajectories Explains multiple perspectives that incorporate an interdisciplinary understanding that specifies diverse theories Identifies and develops particular challenges resident within team simulation studies and then illustrates research frameworks Highlights and reviews how team simulations are used to produce dynamic experimental results Investigates and studies research variables within distributed team cognition

Distributed Cognition in Medieval and Renaissance Culture

Distributed Cognition in Medieval and Renaissance Culture PDF

Author: Miranda Anderson

Publisher: Edinburgh University Press

Published: 2019-05-15

Total Pages: 376

ISBN-13: 1474438156

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This collection brings together 14 essays by international specialists in Medieval and Renaissance culture to bring recent insights from cognitive science and philosophy of mind to bear on how cognition was seen as distributed across brain, body and world between the 9th and 17th centuries.

Distributed Cognition in Classical Antiquity

Distributed Cognition in Classical Antiquity PDF

Author: Miranda Anderson

Publisher: Edinburgh History of Distribut

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781474429740

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12 essays by international experts look at how cognition is explicitly or implicitly conceived of as distributed across brain, body and world in Greek and Roman technology, science, medicine, material culture, philosophy and literary studies.

Semantic Cognition

Semantic Cognition PDF

Author: Timothy T. Rogers

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 446

ISBN-13: 9780262182393

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A mechanistic theory of the representation and use of semantic knowledge that uses distributed connectionist networks as a starting point for a psychological theory of semantic cognition.

Cognition Distributed

Cognition Distributed PDF

Author: Itiel E. Dror

Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing

Published: 2008-12-17

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13: 9027289646

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Our species has been a maker and user of tools for over two million years, but "cognitive technology" began with language. Cognition is thinking, and thinking has been "distributed" for at least the two hundred millennia that we have been using speech to interact and collaborate, allowing us to do collectively far more than any of us could have done individually. The invention of writing six millennia ago and print six centuries ago has distributed cognition still more widely and quickly, among people as well as their texts. But in recent decades something radically new has been happening: Advanced cognitive technologies, especially computers and the Worldwide Web, are beginning to redistribute cognition in unprecedented ways, not only among people and static texts, but among people and dynamical machines. This not only makes possible new forms of human collaboration, but new forms of cognition. This book examines the nature and prospects of distributed cognition, providing a conceptual framework for understanding it, and showcasing case studies of its development. This volume was originally published as a Special Issue of Pragmatics & Cognition (14:2, 2006).

Beyond the Brain

Beyond the Brain PDF

Author: Benoit Hardy-Vallée

Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Published: 2009-03-26

Total Pages: 250

ISBN-13: 1443807087

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Cognitive science faces a major methodological and conceptual change since the 90's. Whereas the brain was traditionally conceived as being the only seat of intelligence, many researches emphasize the entrenchment of the brain in body, context and culture. In 2006, a conference was held at the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) and allowed researchers from various fields to interact and discuss such issues. Cognitio 2006 was an occasion for philosophers, cognitive scientists and biologists to present the latest developments in their discipline, and this book aims at providing a general overview of current research on embodied, situated and distributed cognition.

Distributed Cognition in Enlightenment and Romantic Culture

Distributed Cognition in Enlightenment and Romantic Culture PDF

Author: Anderson Miranda Anderson

Publisher: Edinburgh University Press

Published: 2019-08-22

Total Pages: 488

ISBN-13: 1474442315

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Revitalising our reading of 18th century works specifically in the fields of the history of the book, literary studies, material culture, art history, philosophy, technology, science and medicine, this volume brings recent insights in cognitive science and philosophy of mind to bear on the distributed nature of cognition. Collectively, the essays show how the particular range of sociocultural and technological contexts of the time fostered and reflected particular notions of distributed cognition.

Macrocognition

Macrocognition PDF

Author: Bryce Huebner

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 305

ISBN-13: 0199926271

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This book develops a novel approach to distributed cognition and collective intentionality. It is argued that collective mentality should be only be posited where specialized subroutines are integrated in a way that yields skillful goal-directed behaviour that is sensitive to concerns that are relevant to a group as such.