Diatoms in the Wetlands of Southern Iraq

Diatoms in the Wetlands of Southern Iraq PDF

Author: Adil Y. Al-Handal

Publisher:

Published: 2019-12-10

Total Pages: 252

ISBN-13: 9783443570583

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The authors document the diatom species composition and ecology in the two major water impoundments of Southern Iraq, the Mesopotamian Marshes and Shatt Al-Arab River. Based on light and scanning electron microscopy investigations, 293 taxa are documented, including the description of three new species. The taxa treated herein were collected from a variety of habitats over a period of 15 years. Diatom assemblages consist of a mixture of freshwater, brackish water and marine taxa. Many diatom taxa that have disappeared in recent years are also documented in this volume. One reason for their disappearance is the high salinization of the Mesopotamian Marshes and Shatt Al-Arab River areas resulting from extremely low freshwater discharge from Euphrates and Tigris Rivers which allowed the seawater front to reach these regions. Species belonging to previously recorded genera such as Eunotia and Diatoma are no longer present in this area. Therefore, this work also is a documentary record of the diatom flora of the wetlands of Southern Iraq during the past 15 years and not only provides an insight into the present state of research but preserves records and findings from taxa no longer present in Southern Iraq, due to human driven ecological impacts.

Tigris and Euphrates Rivers: Their Environment from Headwaters to Mouth

Tigris and Euphrates Rivers: Their Environment from Headwaters to Mouth PDF

Author: Laith A. Jawad

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-09-12

Total Pages: 1612

ISBN-13: 3030575705

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The system of the Tigris-Euphrates Rivers is one of the great river systems of southwestern Asia. It comprises the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, which follow roughly parallel courses through the heart of the Middle East. The lower portion of the region that they run through is known as Mesopotamia, was one of the cradles of civilisation. There are several environmental factors that govern the nature of the two rivers and shape the landscape the two rivers running through. Geological events create rivers, climate monitor the water supply, the surrounding land influences the vegetation and the physical and chemical features of water. The Tigris-Euphrates system runs through the territory of four countries, Iraq, Iran, Turkey and Syria. Therefore, any scientific approach to the environment of these two rivers should include the natural history events in these countries. The book "Tigris and Euphrates Rivers: Their Environment from Headwaters to Mouth" will be divided into nine parts. These parts deal with the issues of the environment, the status of the flora and fauna, the abiotic aspects, ecology, hydrological regime of the two rivers, the biotic aspects. Water resources, stress of the environment, conservation issues. Since the book of Julian Rzoska "Euphrates and Tigris Mesopotamian Ecology and Destiny" in 1980, no book or major reference has been published that includes between its cover the facts and information that the present book will present. Therefore, the importance of the present book falls in stating the present status of the environment of the two rivers and the comparison of their environment between now and that of 37 years ago as given by J. Rzoska (1980). The recent studies showed that there are a large number of natural and political events that happened within the last three decades in the area of the Tigris-Euphrates river system that for sure have done a great change to the environment of the two rivers and consequently changing the biological and non-biological resources of the two rivers. This book will be a reference book to both Academic and students across the Middle East in different disciplines of knowledge to use in their researches on Tigris-Euphrates river system. The scholars interested in this area will use this book as a guide to compare this freshwater system with other areas in Asia and the world.

Southern Iraq's Marshes

Southern Iraq's Marshes PDF

Author: Laith A. Jawad

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-05-06

Total Pages: 815

ISBN-13: 3030662381

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The Mesopotamian marshes are important for economic, social, and biodiversity values and have been home to indigenous human communities for millennia. They are regarded as a legendary site. This multi-authored book contains chapters written by world-renowned experts in their field. Both basic and applied information are made available, making the book a must-have for a wide spectrum of users. For example, an understanding of the natural and the social aspects of the marshes, as described here, is an obvious prerequisite for a pest management plan in this area. Scholars interested in wetlands can use this book as a guide to compare different wetlands areas in Asia. The bibliography section contains valuable references to the marsh areas and research in the field. This book serves as an up-to-date comprehensive source of information on different aspects of the southern marshes of Iraq and is aimed at academic scholars, environmentalists, and decision makers.

Bioassessment and Management of North American Freshwater Wetlands

Bioassessment and Management of North American Freshwater Wetlands PDF

Author: Russell B. Rader

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2001-08-07

Total Pages: 484

ISBN-13: 9780471352341

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The first resource of its kind-essential practical guidance on wetlands bioassessment and management Although bioassessment has become a vital tool in the successful management of many aquatic ecosystems, to date there has been no single book that covers the application of bioassessment principles to wetland ecosystems. This contributed volume fills this important gap in the literature, with a multifaceted look at the issues and techniques involved in the successful bioassessment and management of freshwater wetlands. The book is divided into two parts-bioassessment and wildlife management. After a review of general bioassessment principles, Part I discusses the statistical issues related to sampling numerous sites, as well as the application of multivariate procedures and invertebrate functional groups to wetland bioassessment. A series of case studies examines bioassessment results using various organismal groups, followed by several chapters that trace the relationship between bioassessment and wetland restoration. Coverage also explores how to use and sample bacteria, algae, macrophytes, and invertebrates. Part II covers key management topics, including many that are frequently overlooked in other treatments of the subject. Separate chapters discuss how to manage fish, waterbirds, and mosquitoes in wetlands. Other chapters address timber harvest strategies and impact assessment, as well as the biological control of an invasive wetland plant. As wetland managers work to strike a vital balance between resource exploitation and resource protection, this book offers an important repository of practical information to use in meeting this formidable challenge. It will be welcomed by wetland managers and scientists, environmental engineers, ecologists, civil engineers, and others whose work involves wetlands study and management.

Common Freshwater Algae of the United States

Common Freshwater Algae of the United States PDF

Author: Gary E. Dillard

Publisher:

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 200

ISBN-13:

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The second revised edition of this manual aims at providing students and less experienced professional aquatic biologists with a key to identify some to the more commonly encountered aquatic freshwater algal genera of the United States. In response to reviewers comments, a brief section on diatoms, a section providing a number of possible of dispositions of the genera into a taxonomic hierarchy and a brief glossary of technical terms have been added in this revised edition. A number of nomenclatural changes is reflected as well.Keys, representative illustrations and general ecological notes are provided for some 300 genera, excluding the diatoms (except for a brief section on them). The keys are based on features observable in freshly collected material.

Diatoms

Diatoms PDF

Author: F. E. Round

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2007-12-04

Total Pages: 1208

ISBN-13: 1107393132

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This book presents a wide-ranging introduction to the diatoms together with an illustrated description of over 250 genera. Diatoms are important as perhaps the commonest group of autotrophic plants on earth and are abundant in all waters and on soils and moist surfaces. The introduction describes the diatom cell in detail, the structure of the wall (often extremely beautiful in design), the cell contents and aspects of life cycle and cell division. The generic atlas section is the first account of diatom systematics since 1928 (Karsten in Engler and Prantl: Die Nauturlichen Pflanzenfamilien) and each generic description is accompanied by scanning electron micrographs to show the characteristic structure. Most of the latter have been prepared specially for this work from the authors' own collections. The Diatoms will be the standard reference work on the group for years to come and is an essential reference volume.

The Diatom Genus Neidium Pfitzer (Bacillariophyceae) from Zoige Wetland, China

The Diatom Genus Neidium Pfitzer (Bacillariophyceae) from Zoige Wetland, China PDF

Author: Qi Liu

Publisher:

Published: 2017-01-19

Total Pages: 120

ISBN-13: 9783443570545

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In this volume twenty-three species of Neidium are described. Sample materials were collected in the Zoig� Wetland, an expansive network of lakes and wetlands located in Sichuan Province, China. From the total number of Neidium species reported, sixteen of them are described as new. 281 light microscope and scanning electron microscope photographs document all taxa and illustrate the morphology of these Neidium species. Detailed descriptions for each species are given and the species are compared with other, similar species from other regions of the world. The variability in valve morphology in the genus, including presence and distribution of renilimbi, longitudinal canals, central nodule and striation, are documented. A comprehensive table with morphometric details of all described Neidium species rounds up the volume. This survey of Neidium species almost doubles the number of new Neidium taxa described from China and is of interest for all readers working on diatoms and Bacillariophyceae.

Automatic Diatom Identification

Automatic Diatom Identification PDF

Author: Hans Du Buf

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13: 9789810248864

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This is the first book to deal with automatic diatom identification. It provides the necessary background information concerning diatom research, useful for both diatomists and non-diatomists. It deals with the development of electronic databases, image preprocessing, automatic contour extraction, the application of existing contour and ornamentation features and the development of new ones, as well as the application of different classifiers (neural networks, decision trees, etc.). These are tested using two image sets: (i) a very difficult set of Sellaphora pupula with 6 demes and 120 images; (ii) a mixed genera set with 37 taxa and approximately 800 images. The results are excellent, and recognition rates well above 90% have been achieved on both sets. The results are compared with identification rates obtained by human experts. One chapter of the book deals with automatic image capture, i.e. microscope slide scanning at different resolutions using a motorized microscope stage, autofocusing, multifocus fusion, and particle screening to select only diatoms and to reject debris. This book is the final scientific report of the European ADIAC project (Automatic Diatom Identification and Classification), and it lists the web-sites with the created public databases and an identification demo.

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