eBook PDF Download Digital Library
Author: Y. Huang
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2010-11-24
Total Pages: 233
ISBN-13: 0230302491
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →A PDF version of this book is available for free in open access via the OAPEN Library platform, www.oapen.org. This book examines the emergence of both financial markets and carbon markets, and provides an in-depth investigation on the fundamental determinants of financial development.
Author: Hatra Voghouei
Publisher:
Published: 2011
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The positive effects of financial development on economic growth have encouraged researchers to study the determinants of financial development. Based on the theoretical and empirical studies undertaken, institutions, openness of trade and financial markets, legal tradition, and political economy are identified as factors promoting the financial system. Of these, political economy factors, which can have both direct and indirect effects through other determinants, could be considered the most influential factors in financial development. Variations in the political economy of countries could well explain variations in their financial development. Although all studies show the significant effects of these determinants on financial development, further research is needed to assess the impact of each determinant and the policies that could best promote financial development.
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 2010
Total Pages: 206
ISBN-13: 9781349324156
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →"As the world has witnessed the worst financial crisis and climate crisis of our age, during the period of 2007-2009, the issues surrounding the emergence and development of financial markets and carbon markets is becoming an increasingly significant area of research and debate worldwide. By engaging with recently developed methods of research and new areas of practice, this book investigates the political, economic, policy and geographic determinants of the development of financial markets. The volume examines the causality between financial development and aggregate private investment from an economic perspective. It also explores the consequences of political liberalization, focusing on the impact of institutional improvement on financial development. It studies what stimulates governments to initiate reforms aimed at boosting financial development, and analyses the determinants of carbon markets in developing countries from a geographic point of view. This book is essential reading for all interested in economic and financial development, climate change, environmental economics, and applied econometrics"--Publisher's description.
Author: Abdulsalam Abubakar
Publisher:
Published: 2015
Total Pages: 538
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The role of financial development to influence the capital accumulation, productivity and hence economic growth, has continued to take a centre stage in the economic growth literature. The apparent low level of economic performance of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) region, low physical and human capital accumulations and low productivity have raised issues about the role of financial development to the economic growth process of the region and serve as the motivation of this study. The study investigates the impact of financial development on the output of eleven ECOWAS member states over the period from 1980 to 2011. The determinants of financial development in ECOWAS from 1996 to 2011 period are also examined. The study employs panel cointegration techniques, which involve panel cointegration tests by Pedroni (2000; 2004) and Kao (1999) and two panel cointegration estimators, namely; the fully modified OLS (FMOLS) and dynamic OLS (DOLS). Furthermore, the study adopts the Dumitrescu-Hurlin (2012) panel causality test to determine the causal relationship between financial development and output in ECOWAS. The findings show that broad money and financial sector deposits have negative and significant impact on the output, as found by Hakeem (2010) in sub-Saharan African region. On the other hand, banking sector deposits, domestic credit, bank credit and the ratio of bank credit to bank deposits are found to have positive and significant impact on output in ECOWAS. This is consistent with the findings of Ndebbio (2003) and Gaye (2013). These effects are largely transmitted through the physical capital accumulation channel, as found by Rioja and Valev (2003) in developing countries. The empirical evidence further shows that whereas unidirectional causality runs from GDP to broad money and bank deposits, the reverse is the case for bank credit and ratio of bank credit to bank deposits. Similarly, bidirectional causality is found to exist between financial sector deposit and domestic credit on one hand, and GDP on the other hand. These findings are consistent with that of Bangke and Eggoh (2010). For determinants of financial development, inflation, institutional quality and current account openness are found to be the major determinants of financial depth. While financial intermediation activities are determined by a combination of the previous factors and the level of income and human capital accumulation. These findings largely explain the connection between lack of access to finance by a larger segment of the household and private sectors in the ECOWAS and the low levels of output in the region. Hence, the major policy implications are that financial policies in the region should aim at eliminating and/or mitigating factors that hinder access to finance. These can be achieved through, economic, legal, political and other institutional reforms, which can also enhance financial development in the region and position it to better serve the real economy.
Author: Asli Demirguc-Kunt
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 2008
Total Pages: 82
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Abstract: The first part of this paper reviews the literature on the relation between finance and growth. The second part of the paper reviews the literature on the historical and policy determinants of financial development. Governments play a central role in shaping the operation of financial systems and the degree to which large segments of the financial system have access to financial services. The paper discusses the relationship between financial sector policies and economic development.
Author: Raja Almarzoqi
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2015-07-24
Total Pages: 44
ISBN-13: 1513524925
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This study aims to identify policies that influence the development of financial institutions as measured across three dimensions: depth, efficiency, and stability. Applying the concept of the financial possibility frontier, developed by Beck & Feyen (2013) and formalized by Barajas et al (2013a), we determine key policy variables affecting the gap between actual levels of development and benchmarks predicted by structural variables. Our dynamic panel estimation shows that inflation, trade openness, institutional quality, and banking crises significantly affect financial development. Our analysis also helps identify potential complementarities and trade-offs for policy makers, based on the effect of the policy variables across the different dimensions of financial development.
Author: Asl? Demirgüç-Kunt
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1998
Total Pages: 52
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →March 1998 Differences in interest margins reflect differences in bank characteristics, macroeconomic conditions, existing financial structure and taxation, regulation, and other institutional factors. Using bank data for 80 countries for 1988-95, Demirgüç-Kunt and Huizinga show that differences in interest margins and bank profitability reflect various determinants: * Bank characteristics. * Macroeconomic conditions. * Explicit and implicit bank taxes. * Regulation of deposit insurance. * General financial structure. * Several underlying legal and institutional indicators. Controlling for differences in bank activity, leverage, and the macroeconomic environment, they find (among other things) that: * Banks in countries with a more competitive banking sector-where banking assets constitute a larger share of GDP-have smaller margins and are less profitable. The bank concentration ratio also affects bank profitability; larger banks tend to have higher margins. * Well-capitalized banks have higher net interest margins and are more profitable. This is consistent with the fact that banks with higher capital ratios have a lower cost of funding because of lower prospective bankruptcy costs. * Differences in a bank's activity mix affect spread and profitability. Banks with relatively high noninterest-earning assets are less profitable. Also, banks that rely largely on deposits for their funding are less profitable, as deposits require more branching and other expenses. Similarly, variations in overhead and other operating costs are reflected in variations in bank interest margins, as banks pass their operating costs (including the corporate tax burden) on to their depositors and lenders. * In developing countries foreign banks have greater margins and profits than domestic banks. In industrial countries, the opposite is true. * Macroeconomic factors also explain variation in interest margins. Inflation is associated with higher realized interest margins and greater profitability. Inflation brings higher costs-more transactions and generally more extensive branch networks-and also more income from bank float. Bank income increases more with inflation than bank costs do. * There is evidence that the corporate tax burden is fully passed on to bank customers in poor and rich countries alike. * Legal and institutional differences matter. Indicators of better contract enforcement, efficiency in the legal system, and lack of corruption are associated with lower realized interest margins and lower profitability. This paper-a product of the Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to study bank efficiency.
Author: Almas Heshmati
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2018-05-16
Total Pages: 392
ISBN-13: 3319764934
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This volume is a collection of selected empirical studies on determinants of economic growth in Africa. Grouped into three parts, chapters examine the influence of financial sources and economic growth; sources of productivity growth; and prices, exchange rates and trade relationships with growth in regions in Africa or the continent as a whole. This edited book is authored by African experts in the field who employ diverse up-to-date data and methods to provide robust empirical results based on representative firms, household surveys and secondary country level data covering individuals or multiple countries on the continent. It contains a wealth of empirical evidence, deep analyses and sound recommendations for policymakers and researchers for designing and implementing effective social and national policies and strategies to prevent and to reduce poverty and its negative effects on poor households and in poor regions. The volume will be a useful resource for policymakers and researchers involved in promoting economic growth and fighting poverty. It will also appeal to a broader audience interested in economic development, resource economics, policies, economic welfare and inclusive growth.
Author: Ms.Oana Luca
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2012-05-01
Total Pages: 37
ISBN-13: 1475518862
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →We examine determinants of, and interactions between, capital inflows, financial development, and domestic investment in developing countries during 2001-07, a period of surging global liquidity and low interest rates. Reductions in the global price of risk and in domestic borrowing costs were the main contributors to the increase over time in net capital inflows and domestic credit. However, the large cross-country differences in domestic and international finance are best explained by fundamentals such as institutional quality, access to international export markets, and an appropriate macroeconomic policy. Both private capital inflows and domestic credit exert a positive effect on investment; they also mediate most of the investment impact of the global price of risk and domestic borrowing costs. Surprisingly, neither greater domestic credit nor greater institutional quality increase the extent to which capital inflows translate into domestic investment.
Author: Maaike S. Oosterbaan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2012-12-06
Total Pages: 290
ISBN-13: 1461544831
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Determinants of economic growth: An overview Thijs de Ruyter van Steveninck, Nico van der Windt, and Maaike Oosterbaan Netherlands Economic Institute What causes economic growth? Why have some countries grown much faster than others? Why do some countries not grow at all, or even experience negative (per capita) growth rates? What can governments do to raise the growth rates of their country? These questions were discussed at a conference on March 23 and 24, 1998, organized by the Netherlands Economic Institute (NEI) on behalf of the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs. This book contains the proceedings of the conference. Economic growth is widely considered as a necessary (though not sufficient) condition for poverty alleviation. During the past two decades, scholars and researchers have found a renewed interest in thinking about economic growth, and advances in the understanding of economic growth have taken place. On the one hand, the theoretical understanding of growth has progressed on various fronts, including endogenous technological innovation and increasing returns to scale; the interaction of population, fertility, human capital, and growth; international spill-overs in technology and capital accumulation; and the role of institutions. On the other hand, the increasing availability and use of data sets has given a large incentive to empirical research on cross-country growth, following the path-breaking work ofBarro (1991).
