Detection of Drugs and Their Metabolites in Oral Fluid

Detection of Drugs and Their Metabolites in Oral Fluid PDF

Author: Robert M. White

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2018-02-23

Total Pages: 141

ISBN-13: 012814596X

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Detection of Drugs and Their Metabolites in Oral Fluid presents the analytical chemistry methods used for the detection and quantification of drugs and their metabolites in human oral fluid. The authors summarize the state of the science, including its strengths, weaknesses, unmet methodological needs, and cutting-edge trends. This volume covers the salient aspects of oral fluid drug testing, including specimen collection and handling, initial testing, point of collection testing (POCT), specimen validity testing (SVT), and confirmatory and proficiency testing. Analytes discussed include amphetamines, cannabinoids, cocaine, opiates, phencyclidine, cannabimimetics, and miscellaneous drugs. This practical guide helps users turn knowledge into practice, moving logically from an outline of the problem, to the evaluation of the appropriateness of oral fluid as a test medium, and finally to a consideration of detection methods and their validation and employment. Compares different collection and testing systems to assist readers involved in clinical or forensic practice in selecting oral fluid as the matrix of choice Provides a sound basis for the detection of drugs and their metabolites in oral fluid and the interpretation of both positive and negative Places the need, or lack thereof, for specimen validity testing and confirmation testing in context with the purposes of oral fluid testing Describes drugs and drug classes that can be tested, along with useful information on a patient/donor’s drug status

Drugs of Abuse

Drugs of Abuse PDF

Author: Raphael C. Wong

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-11-05

Total Pages: 308

ISBN-13: 1592599516

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A comprehensive review of the science of drug testing in all its aspects, placing emphasis on technologies that use body fluids other than urine for determining the presence of drugs of abuse. The authors discuss the various body fluid specimens suitable for testing for illicit drugs-particularly saliva, sweat, and hair-describe the structural and manufacturing aspects of on-site testing devices based on lateral flow immunoassay, and detail the pitfalls of using these specimens. They also discuss in detail the problem of sample adulteration and its detection. Since oral fluid has the best potential of succeeding urine as the next matrix of choice for drug detection, four popular saliva testing devices are examined: Intercept®, the Drager Drug Test®, Oratect®, and Drugwipe. Political, social, and legal issues are also considered in articles on privacy, the use of drug testing in courts, and the problem of sample adulteration.

Workplace Drug Testing

Workplace Drug Testing PDF

Author: Alain G. Verstraete

Publisher: Pharmaceutical Press

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 461

ISBN-13: 0853696942

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This comprehensive text provides clear explanations of the effects of drugs on human performance and the need for workplace drug testing. It provides essential information on the regulatory and legal frameworks around the world, how to set policies and coverage of all aspects of drug analysis and the associated interpretation of results.Contents include:* epidemiology of drug use in the working population* the evidence base and guidelines for workplace drug testing* legal, regulatory aspects and policies for drugs and alcohol* urine and alternative sample collection process* analytical techniques and specimen adulteration.Case studies of successful programmes are also included to illustrate the principles discussed.Written by internationally acknowledged experts this informative book will be essential reading for anyone interested in workplace drug testing or setting up such a system including clinical and forensic toxicologists, occupational health physicians, nurses, human resources, drug counselling and treatment providers, analytical chemists and lawyers.Alain Verstraete is Professor at the Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium and Department Head of the Toxicology Laboratory of the Laboratory of Clinical Biology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.

Critical Issues in Alcohol and Drugs of Abuse Testing

Critical Issues in Alcohol and Drugs of Abuse Testing PDF

Author: Amitava Dasgupta

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2019-01-10

Total Pages: 560

ISBN-13: 0128156082

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Critical Issues in Alcohol and Drugs of Abuse Testing, Second Edition, addresses the general principles and technological advances for measuring drugs and alcohol, along with the pitfalls of drugs of abuse testing. Many designer drugs, for example, are not routinely tested in drugs of abuse panels and may go undetected in a drug test. This updated edition is a must-have for clinical pathologists, toxicologists, clinicians, and medical review officers and regulators, bridging the gap between technical and clinical information. Topics of note include the monitoring of pain management drugs, bath salts, spices (synthetic marijuana), designer drugs and date rape drugs, and more. Serves as a ready resource of information for alcohol and drug testing Ideal resource for making decisions related to the monitoring and interpretation of results Includes concise content for clinical laboratory scientists, toxicologists and clinicians

Oral Fluid Drug Testing Devices

Oral Fluid Drug Testing Devices PDF

Author: Dean Patrick Hildebrand

Publisher:

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 33

ISBN-13:

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"The demand for a quick and simple roadside screening device for oral fluid is rapidly increasing. Commercially available oral fluid screening devices all operate similarly and are based on point of collection saliva testing combined with immunoassay detection of selected (illicit) drugs. Their applicability to roadside testing, however, requires consideration of a number of variables: ease of operation (sample collection, completion time and ease of result reading/interpretation), reliability, sensitivity, specificity and kit cost. Although the manufacturers test and provide abundant performance data, it is imperative that end-users conduct an objective validation of any device prior to implementing one or more into a standard operating procedure for roadside testing. Towards this goal, BCIT reviewed the currently available point-of-collection devices and chose three for validation under laboratory conditions (Oratec-II/III, OraLine-IV and Drugwipe-5/5+) based on the characteristics noted and proposed Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) guidelines. The five target drug classes tested were Cocaine, Amphetamines, Opiates, THC and Benzodiazepines. A low detection limit for THC was considered as a secondary selection criteria and eliminated many potential devices from the study. The devices were challenged with single drug formulations of known concentration by spiking into either pooled saliva or water prior to device testing. Overall, the testing of saliva-spiked samples performed less well compared to the water-spiked samples, although the latter precluded their additional testing on the Oraline-IV device. Each device showed instances of good and bad sensitivities and specificities depending on the medium and/or drug tested. The results of this project, taken in totality, do not point to a single point-of-collection device with superior performance characteristics but the technology in general holds promise for further testing and future roadside screening for drugs.

Absolute Addiction Psychiatry Review

Absolute Addiction Psychiatry Review PDF

Author: Carla Marienfeld

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-03-06

Total Pages: 376

ISBN-13: 303033404X

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This book serves as a tool for general psychiatrists, medical students, residents, and fellows looking for a clinically relevant and high-yield overview of addiction psychiatry in preparation for their board exams – or for everyday clinical practice. Written by expert educators in addiction psychiatry, the text is organized by substances misused and populations affected. This book serves as both a primary learning tool for those new to the field, as well as a reference for those working in addiction treatment. Each chapter begins with summaries of high yield clinical pearls, followed by general information including treatment, and then ends with accompanying board-style review questions. The scope includes understanding substances of misuse and substance use disorders (SUDs), how to evaluate, diagnose, and monitor SUDs, how to treat SUDs both pharmacologically and behaviorally, and critical information for specific populations of patients. Absolute Addiction Psychiatry for Clinical Practice and Review is an excellent resource for all medical students, residents, fellows, and professionals taking certification exams in addiction, including those in psychiatry, addiction medicine, emergency medicine, internal medicine, pain medicine, and others. The chapter "Laboratory Testing for Substance Use Disorders" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Drug Testing in Alternate Biological Specimens

Drug Testing in Alternate Biological Specimens PDF

Author: Amanda J. Jenkins

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-02-10

Total Pages: 199

ISBN-13: 1597453188

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Although the specimen of choice in the US drug testing industry is urine, and serum in clinical medicine, interest has recently grown in the use of other matrices as drug testing media. This book provides researchers and forensic toxicologists with a convenient general text summarizing the state of knowledge today. Chapters focus specifically on the application of these practices to drugs of abuse. The up-to-date information provided is complemented with thorough references.

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