Disposition of High-Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel

Disposition of High-Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel PDF

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2001-06-05

Total Pages: 214

ISBN-13: 0309170885

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Focused attention by world leaders is needed to address the substantial challenges posed by disposal of spent nuclear fuel from reactors and high-level radioactive waste from processing such fuel. The biggest challenges in achieving safe and secure storage and permanent waste disposal are societal, although technical challenges remain. Disposition of radioactive wastes in a deep geological repository is a sound approach as long as it progresses through a stepwise decision-making process that takes advantage of technical advances, public participation, and international cooperation. Written for concerned citizens as well as policymakers, this book was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and waste management organizations in eight other countries.

Area Studies(Regional Sustainable Development Review): Russia - Volume I

Area Studies(Regional Sustainable Development Review): Russia - Volume I PDF

Author: Nicolay Pavlovich Laverov

Publisher: EOLSS Publications

Published: 2009-11-10

Total Pages: 412

ISBN-13: 1848260741

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Area Studies - Regional Sustainable Development Review: Russia theme is a component of Encyclopedia of Area Studies - Regional Sustainable Development Review in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. This two-volume publication on Area Studies - Regional Sustainable Development Review: Russia reviews initiatives and activities towards sustainable development in Russia such as: Natural Resources as a Basis for Sustainable Development: Bioresourses - Russia; Water Resources for Sustainable Development, With Particular Reference to Russia; Protection of the Atmosphere in the Russian Federation; Protection of the Oceans and Their Living Resources; General Approach to Planning and Management of Land Resources; Combat Desertification, Deforestation and Drought; Biodiversity Conservation in Russia; Wastes as Resources for Sustainable Development; Wastes and Problems of Sustainable Development; Safe and Environmentally Sound Management of Radioactive Wastes in Russia; Economic Reform and Integration of Environmental; Protection and Promotion of Human Health-Russia; Combating Poverty in Russia; Global Action for Women Towards Sustainable and Equitable Development; Children and Youth in Sustainable Development in Russia; Recognizing and Strengthening the Role of Indigenous Peoples and Their Communities; Education, Public Awareness and Training in Russia; Development of Industrial Ecology in Russia; Strengthening the Role of Workers and Their Trade Unions; Technological Progress for Sustainable Development in Russia; Telecommunications Infrastructure Changes for Sustainable Development of Russia; High Technology and Health Care in Russia; Technology of Exploration and Management of Natural Resources; Promoting Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development in Russia; Protection of Intellectual Property and Commercialization of Technology; International Institutional Arrangements and Financial Assistance; International Legal Instruments and Mechanisms on the Environment; The Interaction of Branches of Power in the Transition to Sustainable Development in Russia; Management Responses to the Challenge of Sustainable Development in Russia. Although these presentations are with specific reference to Russia, they provide potentially useful lessons for other regions as well. These two volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy Analysts, Managers, and Decision Makers, NGOs and GOs.

Making The Russian Bomb

Making The Russian Bomb PDF

Author: Thomas B. Cochran

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-04-15

Total Pages: 313

ISBN-13: 0429720580

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The Natural Resources Defense Council once again provides the definitive account of the current status of Russian nuclear weapons. Taking advantage of previously unavailable information the authors describe the origins, growth, and decline of the massive Soviet nuclear weapons production complex-the places involved in the recent headline-making epi

Nuclear Energy Today

Nuclear Energy Today PDF

Author: OECD Nuclear Energy Agency

Publisher: OECD

Published: 2003

Total Pages: 120

ISBN-13:

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As energy demand increases in line with the expansion of the world's leading economies and the growth of developing economies, a key challenge remains of how to provide the energy levels required while protecting our environment and conserving natural resources. Nuclear energy is a complex and controversial technology but also has the potential to provide considerable benefits. This publication explores a range of issues involved in the use of nuclear energy, including safety aspects, whether its use is economically competitive, its role in meeting greenhouse gas reduction targets, how to manage the radioactive waste it generates, whether its use increase the risk of proliferation of nuclear weapons, security of resources, and its potential role in the future.

Alternative Energy Sources

Alternative Energy Sources PDF

Author: Efstathios E. Stathis Michaelides

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-01-16

Total Pages: 467

ISBN-13: 3642209505

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Alternative Energy Sources is designed to give the reader, a clear view of the role each form of alternative energy may play in supplying the energy needs of the human society in the near future (20-50 years). The two first chapters on "energy demand and supply" and "environmental effects," set the tone as to why alternative energy is essential for the future. The third chapter gives the laws of energy conversion processes, as well as the limitations of converting one energy form to another. The section on exergy gives a quantitative background on the capability/potential of each energy source to produce power. The fourth, fifth and sixth chapters are expositions of fission and fusion nuclear energy, the power plants that may produce power from these sources and the issues that will frame the public debate on nuclear energy. The following five chapters include descriptions of the most common renewable energy sources (wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, hydroelectric) some of the less common sources (e.g. tidal and wave energy). The emphasis of these chapters will be on the global potential of each source, the engineering/technical systems that are used in harnessing the potential of each source, the technological developments that will contribute to wider utilization of the sources and environmental effects associated with their wider use. The last three chapters are: "energy storage," which will become an important issue if renewable energy sources are used widely. The fourteen chapters in the book have been chosen so that one may fit a semester University course around this book. At the end of every chapter, there are 10-20 problems and 1-3 suggestions of semester projects that may be assigned to students for further research.

Multiple Stressors: A Challenge for the Future

Multiple Stressors: A Challenge for the Future PDF

Author: Carmel Mothersill

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-08-20

Total Pages: 483

ISBN-13: 1402063334

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Ecotoxiclogical risk from multiple stressors covers any situation where org- isms are exposed to a combination of environmental stressors. These include physical and chemical pollutants as well as other stressors such as parasites and environmental impact (e. g. , climate change or habitat loss). The combi- tion of stressors can result in increased risk to organisms (either additive or synergistic effects) or decreased effects (protective or antagonistic effects). The multiple stressor challenge is an international, multi-disciplinary problem requiring an international, multi-disciplinary approach. The c- rent approach to multiple stressors is to examine one stressor at a time and assume additivity. Little work has been done on combinations of stressors such that potential interactions can be determined. The problem is very complex. Multiple stressors pose a whole spectrum of challenges that range from basic science to regulation, policy and gove- ance. The challenges raise fundamental questions about our understanding of the basic biological response to stressors, as well as the implications of those uncertainties in environmental risk assessment and management. In addition to the great breadth, there is also great depth in the research ch- lenges, largely due to the complexity of the issues. From a basic science point of view, many of the mechanisms and processes under investigation are at the cutting edge of science — involving new paradigms such as genomic ins- bility and bystander effects.

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