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Author: Yongnian Zheng
Publisher: World Scientific
Published: 2007
Total Pages: 458
ISBN-13: 9812700161
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Arilyn. Danilo. Liriel. Cunningham. A collection of stories drawn from the pages of over a decade's worth of Forgotten Realms anthologies, plus new surprises in three previously unpublished stories from one of the defining voices of this great fantasy setting!
Author: Yongnian Zheng
Publisher: World Scientific
Published: 2007-01-23
Total Pages: 458
ISBN-13: 9814477095
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This book is the first attempt to conceptualize China's central-local relations from the behavioral perspective. Although China does not have a federalist system of government, the author believes that, with deepening reform and openness, China's central-local relations is increasingly functioning on federalist principles.Federalism as a functioning system in China is under studied. The author defines the political system existing in China as “de facto federalism”, and provides a detailed analysis of its sources and dynamics in the book. The system is mainly driven by two related factors — inter-governmental decentralization and globalization. While economic decentralization since the 1980s has led to the formation of de facto federalism, globalization since the 1990s has accelerated this process and generated increasingly high pressure on the Chinese leadership to institutionalize de facto federalism by various measures of selective recentralization.
Author: John Donaldson
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2016-07-01
Total Pages: 248
ISBN-13: 1317205332
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →How do we understand the evolution of central-local relations in China during the reform period? This book addresses this question by focusing on eight separate issues in which the central-local relationship has been especially salient – government finance, investment control, regional development, administrative zoning, implementation, culture, social welfare and international relations. Each chapter introduces a sector and the way the center and various local governments have shared or divided power over the different periods of China’s reform era. The balance of power is gauged dynamically over time to measure the extent to which one level of government dominates, influences or shares power in making decisions in each of these particular domains, as well as what is likely to occur in the foreseeable future. The authors assess the winners and losers of these changes among key actors in China’s society. The result provides a dynamic view of China’s changing power relations.
Author: Gregory H. Fuller
Publisher:
Published: 2008
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This article examines the global consequences flowing from contemporary China's distinctive blend of ancient traditions and modern ambitions. Beginning with Deng Xiaoping's revolutionary reforms, this discussion on the evolution of de facto federalism in China focuses on the dynamic interactions between the country's central, provincial and local governments. At each level, enterprising and often corrupt administrators blur the lines between business and government in search of political fame. These "economic warlords" consistently place local interests above central government mandates and advance their careers only through the relentless, unchecked growth which now drives the world economy. This article focuses on the international legal implications of Chinese localism, and how de facto federalism enables a regulatory culture where low-level officials methodically circumvent intellectual property rights, ignore product safety standards, and inflict widespread environmental degradation. After centuries of isolation, an intense desire to open China up to the rest of the world caused the central government to trade substantial control over its provinces for rapid industrialization. Accordingly, Beijing now finds itself increasingly powerless to enforce its own treaties, laws and regulations. The end result, however, is no longer confined to the Mainland as counterfeit and defective goods make their way into foreign markets. This article seeks to provide background into how the unique political, economic and cultural aspects of China's long history continue to guide its enigmatic interaction with the outside world, and how the localized interests of zealous bureaucrats increasingly impact international legal arrangements.
Author: Yongnian Zheng
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2018-09-06
Total Pages: 493
ISBN-13: 110847344X
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Uses the framework of 'market in state', to argue that the Chinese economy is state-centered, dominated by political principles over economic principles.
Author: Kate Xiao Zhou
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2014-01-21
Total Pages: 278
ISBN-13: 1134512074
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Rapid economic pluralization in East Asia has empowered local and medial groups, and with this change comes the need to rethink usual notions regarding ways in which "democracies" emerge or "citizens" gain more power. Careful examination of current developments in China, Korea, and Southeast Asia show a need for expansion of our understandings of democracy and democratization. This book challenges traditional ways in which political regimes in local as well as national polities are conceived and labeled. It shows from Asian experiences that democracy and its precursors come in more forms than most liberals have yet imagined. In reviewing recent experiences of countries across East Asia, these chapters show that actual democracies and ostensible democratizations there are less like those in the West than the surprisingly consensual and standard political science of democratization suggests. This book first examines the extreme variation of democracy’s meaning in many Asian states that hold contested elections (South Korea, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand). Then it focuses on China. It analyzes a range of grassroots forces driving political change in the People’s Republic, and it finds both accelerators and brakes in China’s political reform process. The contributors show that models for China’s political future exist both within and outside the PRC, including in other East Asian states, in localities and sectors that already are pushing the limits of the powerful, but no longer all-powerful, Chinese party-state. With contributions from leading academics in the field, Democratization in China, Korea, and Southeast Asia? will be of interest to students and scholars of Asian politics, comparative politics, and democratization more broadly.
Author: Jing Chen
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Published: 2016-09-09
Total Pages: 205
ISBN-13: 1498534538
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This book develops an informational theory to account for the coexistence of China’s exceptionally resilient authoritarianism and its high decentralization. The nuanced information contained in citizens’ complaints, which are filed through the petition system, helps to sustain China’s decentralized authoritarianism in three important ways. First, petitions help to alleviate the information asymmetry problem that arises when the central government has less information than lower level governments do. When studying citizens’ petitions, higher level governments can obtain valuable and accurate information about local officials’ performance in policy implementation, public goods provision, and corruption. Higher level governments need this information in order to effectively utilize the cadre management system to reward good performance and punish malpractice. The result of this interaction is the PRC’s relatively high quality of governance and effective control of local officials. There is also a second way in which citizens’ petitions help the government to overcome the dictator’s dilemma that arises when an authoritarian regime is uncertain about how much support it really enjoys among its citizens. Citizens’ specific grievances are revealed in these petitions and are mostly addressed in their beginning stages. When citizens’ complaints are rooted in central policy, they set the agenda for policy change in order to maintain social order. There is yet a third benefit conferred upon the PRC by the petition system. Thanks to the petition system, the central government can present itself as the ally of citizens when it addresses the matters raised by their petitions. As a result, the petition system grants the central government an opportunity to hold local officials accountable, scapegoat local authorities, divide citizens and local officials, and justly claim all the credit when its policies succeed. This helps to build citizens’ trust in their central government and reinforces its legitimacy in their eyes. In Huntington’s terms, the Chinese Communist Party institutionalizes mass support by addressing citizens’ grievances expressed through the channel of communication provided by the petition system. In this sense, the complaints of citizens can be very useful tools for regime maintenance. The author substantiates these points with case studies and statistical analysis.
Author: Chun-Yi Lee
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2011-10-20
Total Pages: 218
ISBN-13: 1136592539
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This book investigates how China has used Taiwanese investment and treated Taiwanese investors to pursue political reunification. The book’s main supposition is that both Chinese central and local governments have strategic considerations with respect to Taiwanese businesses. Consequently, through detailed case studies of three cities: Tianjin, Kunshan and Dongguan, the author explores the changing interaction between Taiwanese businesses and the Chinese government, and seeks to provide an explanation of this changing pattern of interaction in the cross-strait political economy. Through her unique empirical research, Lee shows how Chinese local governments, although being driven by short-term goals, also contribute to the goal of achieving political reunification, and argues that central and local governments complement each other as a consequence. By stressing the importance of long-term political goals and the state’s policy interests and preferences, this research intends to address the various political implications attached to Taiwanese investment in China. This timely and important study presents some of the first systematic empirical research published in English (or any other Western language) focusing on Taiwan’s entrepreneurs (taishang) on the Chinese mainland. The book will be of interest to students and scholars of Taiwan Studies, Chinese Politics, Political Economy, Chinese Business and economics.
