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Current Status of Natural Products Targeting Alzheimer’s Disease

Author: Syed Shams ul Hassan

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2023-12-08

Total Pages: 162

ISBN-13: 2832540074

Despite more than fifty years of intensive research on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) drug discovery, up till now only four medicines are approved by FDA for its treatment; among which three are acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors (donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine) and one is N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist memantine. These medications were launched during the initial research for AD but were not able to provide satisfactory results because of their limited efficacy and numerous side effects. The high-profile failure of late-stage clinical trials by prominent pharma firms for biomolecules that showed promising results in experimental models has added to the dissatisfaction of drug development research for AD in recent years. The global dementia patient population was expected to be 50 million in 2017, with projections of 82 million and 152 million in 2030 and 2045, respectively. There is a significant flaw in our understanding of AD pathology, as well as in the experimental models we use to depict human pathology and our therapeutic methods. In light of this, this Research Topic is created to highlight the critical significance of natural products in therapeutic development for human diseases. The therapeutic potential of several natural products, including crude extracts and purified compounds, has been demonstrated in numerous experimental models, with pharmacological efficacy comparable to that of known medicines. This includes effects via specific biological targets (enzymes, receptors, ion channels, and so on) or a variety of mechanisms extending from basic antioxidants and anti-inflammatory mechanisms to neuroprotection and neuroregeneration pathways. Insights into AD therapy using natural products in the form of original research articles or reviews in all areas of AD pathology, experimental designs, and therapeutic approaches are encouraged. The main goal of this collection is to put light on the current status of natural products in AD. As natural products including many polyphenols or other agents are given in combination with marketed available AD drugs to increase their efficacy. So, all those research areas that cover the current status of natural products in single or in combination with other agents to improve the efficacy of AD/dementia will be focused on. • Natural products targeting AD (In-vitro, in-vivo, and in-silico); • Drug discovery for AD by targeting pathways; • Combination therapy to improve the efficacy of Anti-AD agents; • Polytherapy vs single chemical entity; • Experimental models of dementia; • Novel bioassays for cognitive disorders.

Nutraceuticals and Natural Product Derivatives

Author: Mohammad Fahad Ullah

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2019-03-06

Total Pages: 450

ISBN-13: 1119436672

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Introduces readers to the growing applications of nutraceuticals and other natural product derivatives This comprehensive book presents a prophylactic and therapeutic approach to chronic disease prevention strategy by highlighting the translational potential of plant-derived dietary and non-dietary factors from epidemiological, laboratory, and clinical studies. It also shares the experiences of highly reputed experts working in the area of phytomedicine and nutraceutical agents in chemoprevention, to promote the significance of natural products and dietary factors as an elite priority for containing chronic diseases in the human population. Nutraceuticals and Natural Product Derivatives: Disease Prevention & Drug Discovery starts by examining natural food sources for the control of glycemia and the prevention of diabetic complications. It then looks at the anti-aging effects of sulfur-containing amino acids and nutraceuticals, and the potential of garcinia fruits to combat metabolic syndrome. Other topics covered include honey- and propolis-mediated regulation of protein networks in cancer cells; recent trends in drug discovery against Alzheimer’s disease; the therapeutic potential of metalloherbal nanoceuticals; and much more. Offers an alternative, natural approach to the prevention of chronic diseases Emphasizes the potential of plant-derived dietary and non-dietary factors from epidemiological, laboratory, and clinical studies Features contributions from world-renowned experts in the field of phytomedicine and nutraceutical agents in chemoprevention Includes prevention strategies in normal/risk populations through routine inclusion of specific dietary regimens and as therapeutic strategy for better management through adjuvant interventions with conventional treatment protocols Nutraceuticals and Natural Product Derivatives: Disease Prevention & Drug Discovery will appeal to graduate students and professionals in cell and molecular biology, translational research, pharmacology/drug discovery, medicinal chemistry, and clinical nutrition.

Discovery and Development of Neuroprotective Agents from Natural Products

Author: Goutam Brahmachari

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2017-05-18

Total Pages: 490

ISBN-13: 0128097698

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Discovery and Development of Neuroprotective Agents from Natural Products draws together global research on medicinal agents from natural sources as starting points for the design of neuroprotective drugs. From the prediction of promising leads and identification of active agents to the extraction of complex molecules, the book explores a range of important topics to support the development of safer, more economical therapeutics for these increasingly prevalent diseases. Beginning with an overview of current developments in the field, the book goes on to explore the identification, extraction and phytochemistry of such neuroprotective agents as antioxidants, biophenols and naturally occurring anti-inflammatory steroid analogues. Specific natural sources of bioactive agents are reviewed, and the development of these agents into therapeutics for a number of specific neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and ischemic brain stroke, are discussed. Combining the expertise of specialists from around the world, this in the Natural Products Drug Discovery series aims to support and encourage researchers in the investigation of natural sources as starting points for the development of standardized, safe and effective neuroprotective drugs. Features chapters written by active researchers and leading global experts deeply engaged in the research field of natural product chemistry for drug discovery Includes comprehensive coverage of cutting-edge research advances in the design of drugs from natural products targeted at different kinds of neurodegenerative diseases Offers a practical review of identification, isolation and extraction techniques to support medicinal chemists in the lab

Drug Design and Discovery in Alzheimer’s Disease

Author: Atta-ur-Rahman

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2015-06-27

Total Pages: 784

ISBN-13: 0128039604

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Drug Design and Discovery in Alzheimer’s Disease includes expert reviews of recent developments in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and neurodegenerative disease research. Originally published by Bentham as Frontiers in Drug Design and Discovery, Volume 6and now distributed by Elsevier, this compilation of the sixteen articles, written by leading global researchers, focuses on key developments in the understanding of the disease at molecular levels, identification and validation of molecular targets, as well as innovative approaches towards drug discovery, development, and delivery. Beginning with an overview of AD pharmacotherapy and existing blockbuster drugs, the reviews cover the potential of both natural and synthetic small molecules; the role of cholinesterases in the on-set and progression of AD and their inhibition; the role of beta-site APP clearing enzyme-1 (BACE-1) in the production of ß-amyloid proteins, one of the key reasons of the progression of AD; and other targets identified for AD drug discovery. Edited and written by leading experts in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disease drug development Describes existing drugs for AD and current molecular understanding of the condition Reviews recent advances in the field, including coverage of cholinesterases, BACE-1, and other drug development targets

Inflammation and Natural Products

Author: Sreeraj Gopi

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2021-01-19

Total Pages: 420

ISBN-13: 0128192194

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Approx.446 pages Approx.446 pages

Alzheimer's Disease

Author: Thimmaiah Govindaraju

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry

Published: 2022-01-04

Total Pages: 695

ISBN-13: 1839162740

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Alzheimer’s disease is an increasingly common form of dementia and despite rising interest in discovery of novel treatments and investigation into aetiology, there are no currently approved treatments that directly tackle the causes of the condition. Due to its multifactorial pathogenesis, current treatments are directed against symptoms and even precise diagnosis remains difficult as the majority of cases are diagnosed symptomatically and usually confirmed only by autopsy. Alzheimer’s Disease: Recent Findings in Pathophysiology, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Modalities provides a comprehensive overview from aetiology and neurochemistry to diagnosis, evaluation and management of Alzheimer's disease, and latest therapeutic approaches. Intended to provide an introduction to all aspects of the disease and latest developments, this book is ideal for students, postgraduates and researchers in neurochemistry, neurological drug discovery and Alzheimer’s disease.

The Benefits of Natural Products for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Author: M. Mohamed Essa

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-09-20

Total Pages: 496

ISBN-13: 3319283839

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Focuses on the effects of natural products and their active components on brain function and neurodegenerative disease prevention. Phytochemicals such as alkaloids, terpenes, flavanoids, isoflavones, saponins etc are known to possess protective activity against many neurological diseases. The molecular mechanisms behind the curative effects rely mainly on the action of phytonutrients on distinct signaling pathways associated with protein folding and neuro-inflammation. The diverse array of bioactive nutrients present in these natural products plays a pivotal role in prevention and cure of various neurodegenerative diseases, disorders, or insults, such as Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Huntington's Disease, traumatic brain injury, and other neuronal dysfunctions. However, the use of these antioxidants in the management of neurodegenerative conditions has so far been not well understood. This is a comprehensive collection addressing the effects on the brain of natural products and edible items such as reservatrol, curcumin, gingerol, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and marine products.

Alzheimer's Disease Drug Development

Author: Jeffrey Cummings

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2022-03-31

Total Pages: 575

ISBN-13: 1108838669

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Provides a definitive overview of the complex ecosystem facilitating Alzheimer's Disease drug research and development. Demonstrates a drug's journey from in the lab, clinical trial testing, regulatory review, and marketing by pharmaceutical companies. Details the use of artificial intelligence, clinical trial management, and financing models.

Magnesium in the Central Nervous System

Author: Robert Vink

Publisher: University of Adelaide Press

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 354

ISBN-13: 0987073052

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The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.

Natural Products and Neuroprotection

Author: Cristina Angeloni

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2020-06-17

Total Pages: 338

ISBN-13: 303936216X

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Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are the most common pathologies of the central nervous system currently without a cure. They share common molecular and cellular characteristics, including protein misfolding, mitochondrial dysfunction, glutamate toxicity, dysregulation of calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and ageing, which contribute to neuronal death. Efforts to treat these diseases are often limited by their multifactorial etiology. Natural products, thanks to their multitarget activities, are considered promising alternatives for the treatment of neurodegeneration. This book deals with two different forms of natural products: extracts and isolated compounds. The study of the bioactivity of the extracts is extremely important as many studies have demonstrated the synergistic effect of the combination of different natural products. On the other hand, the investigation of the activity of specifically isolated natural products can be also important to understand their cellular and molecular mechanisms and to define the specific bioactive components in extracts or foods. This book can be considered an important contribution to knowledge of the neuroprotective effect of natural products and presents a great deal of information, related to both the benefits but also the limitations of their use in counteracting neurodegeneration.