Control Balance

Control Balance PDF

Author: Charles R Tittle

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-02-02

Total Pages: 334

ISBN-13: 0429969872

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A major contribution to the field of crime/deviance, this volume by noted criminologist Charles R. Tittle puts forth an integrated theory of deviance—control balance. Its central premise is that the total amount of control people are subjected to, relative to the control they can exercise, will affect the probability and type of their deviant behavior. In developing control balance, Tittle critically reviews other general theories such as anomie, Marxian conflict, social control, differential association/social learning, labelling, and routine activities and offers reasons why those theories are insufficient. Using real-world examples to illustrate his argument, he contends that deviance results from the convergence of four variables, each of which represents an interactive nexus of several inputs, including most prominently a control imbalance. The variables are predisposition, motivation, opportunity, and constraint. Control balance theory also explains six basic types of deviance, ranging from predation, defiance, and submissiveness on one end of a control ratio continuum to exploitation, plunder, and decadence on the other. Tittle conceives of control balance as a continuation, or temporary culmination, of the collective efforts of crime/deviance scholars who have gone before, presenting it as a vehicle for trying to achieve a fully adequate general theory of deviance.

Balance Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

Balance Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease PDF

Author: Martina Mancini

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2019-09-14

Total Pages: 226

ISBN-13: 0128138750

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Balance Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease: Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Management presents the most updated information on a variety of topics. Sections help clinicians evaluate the types of balance control issues, dynamic balance dysfunction during turning, and the effects of medication, deep brain stimulation, and rehabilitation intervention on balance control. This book is the first to review the four main postural control systems and how they are affected, including balance during quiet stance, reactive postural adjustments to external perturbations, anticipatory postural adjustments in preparation for voluntary movements, and dynamic balance control during walking and turning. In addition, the book's authors summarize the effects of levodopa, deep brain stimulation, and rehabilitation intervention for each balance domain. This book is recommended for anyone interested in how and why balance control is affected by PD. Provides the first comprehensive review of research to date on balance dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease Discusses how to translate current neuroscience research into practice regarding neural control of balance Provides evidence on the effects of current interventions on balance control

Natural and Artificial Control of Hearing and Balance

Natural and Artificial Control of Hearing and Balance PDF

Author: J. H. J. Allum

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1993

Total Pages: 453

ISBN-13: 0444812520

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The underlying goal of this compendium is to provide an impetus for the development and enhancement of man-made electrical systems that either produce an artificial sense of hearing or the artificial control of standing and locomotion.

Multiple Muscle Systems

Multiple Muscle Systems PDF

Author: Jack M. Winters

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 818

ISBN-13: 1461390303

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The picture on the front cover of this book depicts a young man pulling a fishnet, a task of practical relevance for many centuries. It is a complex task, involving load transmission throughout the body, intricate balance, and eye head-hand coordination. The quest toward understanding how we perform such tasks with skill and grace, often in the presence of unpredictable pertur bations, has a long history. However, despite a history of magnificent sculptures and drawings of the human body which vividly depict muscle ac tivity and interaction, until more recent times our state of knowledge of human movement was rather primitive. During the past century this has changed; we now have developed a considerable database regarding the com position and basic properties of muscle and nerve tissue and the basic causal relations between neural function and biomechanical movement. Over the last few decades we have also seen an increased appreciation of the impor tance of musculoskeletal biomechanics: the neuromotor system must control movement within a world governed by mechanical laws. We have now col lected quantitative data for a wealth of human movements. Our capacity to understand the data we collect has been enhanced by our continually evolving modeling capabilities and by the availability of computational power. What have we learned? This book is designed to help synthesize our current knowledge regarding the role of muscles in human movement. The study of human movement is not a mature discipline.

The Fragile Balance of Terror

The Fragile Balance of Terror PDF

Author: Vipin Narang

Publisher: Cornell University Press

Published: 2023-01-15

Total Pages: 270

ISBN-13: 1501767038

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In The Fragile Balance of Terror, the foremost experts on nuclear policy and strategy offer insight into an era rife with more nuclear powers. Some of these new powers suffer domestic instability, others are led by pathological personalist dictators, and many are situated in highly unstable regions of the world—a volatile mix of variables. The increasing fragility of deterrence in the twenty-first century is created by a confluence of forces: military technologies that create vulnerable arsenals, a novel information ecosystem that rapidly transmits both information and misinformation, nuclear rivalries that include three or more nuclear powers, and dictatorial decision making that encourages rash choices. The nuclear threats posed by India, Pakistan, Iran, and North Korea are thus fraught with danger. The Fragile Balance of Terror, edited by Vipin Narang and Scott D. Sagan, brings together a diverse collection of rigorous and creative scholars who analyze how the nuclear landscape is changing for the worse. Scholars, pundits, and policymakers who think that the spread of nuclear weapons can create stable forms of nuclear deterrence in the future will be forced to think again. Contributors: Giles David Arceneaux, Mark S. Bell, Christopher Clary, Peter D. Feaver, Jeffrey Lewis, Rose McDermott, Nicholas L. Miller, Vipin Narang, Ankit Panda, Scott D. Sagan, Caitlin Talmadge, Heather Williams, Amy Zegart

Textbook of Neural Repair and Rehabilitation

Textbook of Neural Repair and Rehabilitation PDF

Author: Michael E. Selzer

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 693

ISBN-13: 1107011671

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In two freestanding volumes, the Textbook of Neural Repair and Rehabilitation provides comprehensive coverage of the science and practice of neurological rehabilitation. Revised throughout, bringing the book fully up to date, this volume, Neural Repair and Plasticity, covers the basic sciences relevant to recovery of function following injury to the nervous system, reviewing anatomical and physiological plasticity in the normal central nervous system, mechanisms of neuronal death, axonal regeneration, stem cell biology, and research strategies targeted at axon regeneration and neuron replacement. New chapters have been added covering pathophysiology and plasticity in cerebral palsy, stem cell therapies for brain disorders and neurotrophin repair of spinal cord damage, along with numerous others. Edited and written by leading international authorities, it is an essential resource for neuroscientists and provides a foundation for the work of clinical rehabilitation professionals.

Locomotion and Posture in Older Adults

Locomotion and Posture in Older Adults PDF

Author: Fabio Augusto Barbieri

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-02-07

Total Pages: 457

ISBN-13: 3319489801

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This book is an attempt to advance the discussion and improve our understanding about the effects of aging and movement disorders on motor control during walking and postural tasks. Despite these activities are performed daily, there is a high requirement of motor and neural systems in order to perform both tasks efficiently. Both walking and posture require a complex interaction of musculoskeletal and neural systems. However, the mechanisms used to control these tasks, as well as how they are planned and coordinated, are still a question of discussion among health professionals and researchers. In addition, this discussion is more interesting when the effects of aging are included in the context of locomotion and the postural control. The number of older individuals is 841 million in 2015, which is four times higher than the 202 million that lived in 1950. Aging causes many motor, sensorial and neural deficits, which impair locomotion and postural control in the elderly. The severity of this framework is worsened when the aging goes along with a movement disorder, such as Parkinson disease, Chorea, Dystonia, Huntington disease, etc. Therefore, the aim of this book is to highlight the influence of different aspects on planning, controlling and performing locomotion and posture tasks. In attempting to improve current knowledge in this field, invited authors present and discuss how environmental, sensorial, motor, cognitive and individual aspects influence the planning and performance of locomotor and postural activities. The major thrust of the book is to address the mechanisms involved in controlling and planning motor action in neurological healthy individuals, as well as in those who suffer from movement disorders or face the effects of aging, indicating the aspects that impair locomotion and postural control. In addition, new technologies, tools and interventions designed to manage the effects of aging and movement disorders are presented in the book.

Effective Product Control

Effective Product Control PDF

Author: Peter Nash

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2017-09-22

Total Pages: 376

ISBN-13: 1118939794

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Improve the Effectiveness of your Product Control Function Effective Product Control is a detailed how-to guide covering everything you need to know about the function. Considered essential reading for: New controllers entering the profession Auditors and regulators reviewing product control Established controllers wanting a refresher on the latest skills and core controls within the industry. Encompassing both a technical skills primer and key insights into core controls used to mit­igate major risks emanating from trading desks, you will get expert advice on practical topics such as: The key IFRS and U.S. GAAP accounting standards for a trading desk How to approach the pricing of a financial instrument Market risk and how is it quantified The controls necessary for a trading desk Rogue trading and how it can be detected Valuation adjustments and why they are necessary How the prices used to value a trading portfolio are independently verified The financial accounting entries used to record financial instruments in the balance sheet and profit & loss statement Financial reporting and how the results of a trading desk are presented How a new financial product can be introduced in a controlled manner Complete with a wealth of insightful graphs, illustrations and real-world examples to enliven the covered material, the dependable answers you need are in Effective Product Control.

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