Rules, Norms, and Decisions

Rules, Norms, and Decisions PDF

Author: Friedrich V. Kratochwil

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1991-04-26

Total Pages: 332

ISBN-13: 9780521409711

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This book assesses the impact of norms on decision-making. It argues that norms influence choices not by being causes for actions, but by providing reasons. Consequently it approaches the problem via an investigation of the reasoning process in which norms play a decisive role. Kratochwil argues that, depending upon the strictness the guidance norms provide in arriving at a decision, different styles of reasoning with norms can be distinguished. While the focus in this book is largely analytical, the argument is developed through the interpretation of the classic thinkers in international law (Grotius, Vattel, Pufendorf, Rousseau, Hume, Habermas).

Interpretable Machine Learning

Interpretable Machine Learning PDF

Author: Christoph Molnar

Publisher: Lulu.com

Published: 2020

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 0244768528

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This book is about making machine learning models and their decisions interpretable. After exploring the concepts of interpretability, you will learn about simple, interpretable models such as decision trees, decision rules and linear regression. Later chapters focus on general model-agnostic methods for interpreting black box models like feature importance and accumulated local effects and explaining individual predictions with Shapley values and LIME. All interpretation methods are explained in depth and discussed critically. How do they work under the hood? What are their strengths and weaknesses? How can their outputs be interpreted? This book will enable you to select and correctly apply the interpretation method that is most suitable for your machine learning project.

Model Rules of Professional Conduct

Model Rules of Professional Conduct PDF

Author: American Bar Association. House of Delegates

Publisher: American Bar Association

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 216

ISBN-13: 9781590318737

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The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.

The Formation and Identification of Rules of Customary International Law in International Investment Law

The Formation and Identification of Rules of Customary International Law in International Investment Law PDF

Author: Patrick Dumberry

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2016-03-18

Total Pages: 917

ISBN-13: 1316546292

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Rules of customary international law provide basic legal protections to foreign investors doing business abroad. These rules remain of fundamental importance today despite the growing number of investment treaties containing substantive investment protection. In this book, Patrick Dumberry provides a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of custom in the field of international investment law. He analyses two fundamental questions: how customary rules are created in this field and how they can be identified. The book examines the types of manifestation of state practice which should be considered as relevant evidence for the formation of customary rules, and to what extent they are different from those existing under general international law. The book also analyses the concept of states' opinio juris in investment arbitration. Offering guidance to actors called upon to apply customary rules in concrete cases, this book will be of significant importance to those involved in investment arbitration.

Rule Book

Rule Book PDF

Author: Mountain States Inspection Bureau

Publisher:

Published: 2013-02

Total Pages: 150

ISBN-13: 9781258582364

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Rules, Charges And Credits, Terms, Privileges, Riders, Forms And Conditions Affecting The Writing Of Fire And Lightning, Extended Coverage Endorsement, Windstorm And Hail Insurance, Etc.