Comparative Physiology, Natural Animal Models and Clinical Medicine

Comparative Physiology, Natural Animal Models and Clinical Medicine PDF

Author: Michael A Singer

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2007-07-27

Total Pages: 292

ISBN-13: 1908979305

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This book describes a novel and unique approach to the treatment of human diseases based on the study of natural animal models. A natural animal model is defined as an animal group or species that possesses a set of biochemical/physiological characteristics which are natural and adaptive for that animal, but are quite abnormal for humans. For example, how is it that birds can tolerate blood glucose concentrations which in humans are associated with diabetes. The natural animal model is living proof that a biological answer to this question is available. By studying natural animal models, we can gain valuable insights into the treatment of various human clinical disorders. Covering a wide range of disorders, this book describes in detail how medical scientists can take advantage of all the “research” that nature has already performed over billions of years in biological problem solving through extensive animal design testing and selection. Contents:IntroductionDiabetes MellitusChronic Renal FailureAtherosclerotic Vascular DiseaseDisuse Osteoporosis and Disuse Muscle AtrophyAmmonia ToxicityHypoxia/IschemiaEpilogue Readership: Advanced undergraduate and graduate students in biology, medical scientists, comparative physiologists and biologists. Keywords:Comparative;Physiology;Models;Clinical Medicine;NaturalKey Features:Discusses in detail for each of six clinical disorders the current understanding of the pathogenesis of the disorder and how the natural animal model has solved that particular problemSuggests potential research questions based upon what is known and not known about the natural animal modelClearly illustrates that natural animal models not only provide a different perspective from traditional animal models, but also prove that biological solutions currently exist for different human diseasesHighlights the power of a comparative physiological approach to the development of treatments for human diseasesReviews:“This is an interesting and important book … A few of these questions about natural models for disease have been raised before by comparative physiologists, but they have largely been ignored by those involved in medical research. Dr Singer hopes that a presentation by a clinician will correct this situation. I sincerely hope that he is correct for I agree with his basic thesis.”Professor Emeritus William H Dantzler University of Arizona “Michael Singer has produced a marvellous volume of thought provoking observations … This volume presents a tour de force of integrative and comparative physiology to consider the possible answers to such questions … For many reasons, I cannot recommend this splendid book highly enough.”Troels Ring Aalborg Hospital, Denmark “The style is easily readable, with a logical progression from a clinical setting in the Introduction, through a number of common disease entities … There is a satisfying combination of science and art, and a call for further research in each area … The book is suitable for medical professionals of all levels of training and interests, from the Basic Scientist in the laboratory to the Clinician at the bedside.”Professor A R Morton Queen's University, Ontario

Comparative Medicine

Comparative Medicine PDF

Author: Erika Jensen-Jarolim

Publisher:

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 300

ISBN-13: 9783709115602

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This new volume provides a concise overview of the most basic and exciting chapters of comparative medicine with regards to physiology and function in healthy individuals. The book includes core concepts in anatomy and physiology in human and animal models, which are key to understanding comparative medicine and to making contributions to research in this area. While writing this book, the authors were in constant interdisciplinary dialogue. They aim to contribute to improvements in quality of life for human and animal patients.

A Companion to Animal Physiology

A Companion to Animal Physiology PDF

Author: C. Richard Taylor

Publisher: CUP Archive

Published: 1982-04-30

Total Pages: 386

ISBN-13: 9780521244374

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Originally published in 1982, this book was designed to supplement Knut Schmidt-Nielsen's Animal Physiology. Using Schmidt-Nielsen's comparative approach to the study of animal form function, the text pursues in greater detail topics introduced in Animal Physiology. Like the textbook, the Companion is organised according to major environmental features: oxygen, food and energy, temperature, and water, concluding with a section on movement and structure. The papers brought together in this volume were presented in July 1980 to honour Smith-Nielsen's sixty-fifth birthday, at the Fifth International Conference on Comparative Physiology, held in Sandbjerg, Denmark.

Comparative Medicine

Comparative Medicine PDF

Author: Erika Jensen-Jarolim

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-07-17

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9783319836362

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This book highlights the most significant diseases for humans and their dogs, cats and horses. The examples discussed, which include allergies, osteoporosis, cancer and many more, illustrate that humans and their companion animals may in fact develop similar diseases. The reader - whether expert or interested lay - can thus directly compare between human and animal patients. The animal patient thereby represents a natural disease model, which besides the experimental models, is urgently needed to improve the therapeutic options for both humans and animals.

Comparative Anatomy and Histology

Comparative Anatomy and Histology PDF

Author: Piper M. Treuting

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 475

ISBN-13: 0123813611

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1. Introduction -- 2. Phenotyping -- 3. Necropsy and histology -- 4. Mammary Gland -- 5. Skeletal System -- 6. Nose, sinus, pharynx and larynx -- 7. Oral cavity and teeth -- 8. Salivary glands -- 9. Respiratory -- 10. Cardiovascular -- 11. Upper GI -- 12. Lower GI -- 13. Liver and gallbladder -- 14. Pancreas -- 15. Endocrine System -- 16. Urinary System -- 17. Female Reproductive System -- 18. Male Reproductive System -- 19. Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues -- 20. Nervous System -- 21. Special senses, eye -- 22. Special senses, ear -- 23. Skin and adnexa -- Index.

Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research PDF

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1988-02-01

Total Pages: 113

ISBN-13: 0309038391

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Scientific experiments using animals have contributed significantly to the improvement of human health. Animal experiments were crucial to the conquest of polio, for example, and they will undoubtedly be one of the keystones in AIDS research. However, some persons believe that the cost to the animals is often high. Authored by a committee of experts from various fields, this book discusses the benefits that have resulted from animal research, the scope of animal research today, the concerns of advocates of animal welfare, and the prospects for finding alternatives to animal use. The authors conclude with specific recommendations for more consistent government action.

Animals and the Shaping of Modern Medicine

Animals and the Shaping of Modern Medicine PDF

Author: Abigail Woods

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-12-29

Total Pages: 290

ISBN-13: 3319643371

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This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book breaks new ground by situating animals and their diseases at the very heart of modern medicine. In demonstrating their historical significance as subjects and shapers of medicine, it offers important insights into past animal lives, and reveals that what we think of as ‘human’ medicine was in fact deeply zoological. Each chapter analyses an important episode in which animals changed and were changed by medicine. Ranging across the animal inhabitants of Britain’s zoos, sick sheep on Scottish farms, unproductive livestock in developing countries, and the tapeworms of California and Beirut, they illuminate the multi-species dimensions of modern medicine and its rich historical connections with biology, zoology, agriculture and veterinary medicine. The modern movement for One Health – whose history is also analyzed – is therefore revealed as just the latest attempt to improve health by working across species and disciplines. This book will appeal to historians of animals, science and medicine, to those involved in the promotion and practice of One Health today.

Critical Needs for Research in Veterinary Science

Critical Needs for Research in Veterinary Science PDF

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2005-10-18

Total Pages: 238

ISBN-13: 0309164982

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Research in veterinary science is critical for the health and well-being of animals, including humans. Food safety, emerging infectious diseases, the development of new therapies, and the possibility of bioterrorism are examples of issues addressed by veterinary science that have an impact on both human and animal health. However, there is a lack of scientists engaged in veterinary research. Too few veterinarians pursue research careers, and there is a shortage of facilities and funding for conducting research. This report identifies questions and issues that veterinary research can help to address, and discusses the scientific expertise and infrastructure needed to meet the most critical research needs. The report finds that there is an urgent need to provide adequate resources for investigators, training programs, and facilities involved in veterinary research.

Sourcebook of Models for Biomedical Research

Sourcebook of Models for Biomedical Research PDF

Author: P. Michael Conn

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-03-07

Total Pages: 756

ISBN-13: 1597452858

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The collection of systems represented in this volume is a unique effort to reflect the diversity and utility of models used in biomedicine. That utility is based on the consideration that observations made in particular organisms will provide insight into the workings of other, more complex systems. This volume is therefore a comprehensive and extensive collection of these important medical parallels.

Experimental Animal Models of Human Diseases

Experimental Animal Models of Human Diseases PDF

Author: Bartholomew Ibeh

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2018-05-23

Total Pages: 410

ISBN-13: 1789231647

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The world has recorded losses in terms of human life as well as extensive time spent in experimentation with development of new drugs, elucidation of disease mechanism(s), and therapeutic agent discovery. Ethical and legal issues cojoin in slowing down scientific discoveries in medicine and biology. The past two (2) decades, therefore, have seen tremendous attempts that largely are successful in developing animal models with the characteristics of mimicking, approximating, or expressing transplanted human organs/tissues. These models or rather approaches seem to be fast, cost-effective, and easy to maintain compared to primates. This book is a collection of expert essays on animal models of human diseases of global interest. A visible objective of the book is to provide real-time experimental approach to scientists, clinicians, ethicists, medicolegal/medical jurisprudence workers, immunologists, postgraduate students, and vaccinologists and informative and multidisciplinary approach for the identification of new therapeutic targets and biomarkers using animal models as well as investigating the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of human diseases. An increased understanding of the genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms responsible for the development of human diseases has laid out the foundation for the development of rational therapies mainly with animal models.