Restoration and Development of the Degraded Loess Plateau, China

Restoration and Development of the Degraded Loess Plateau, China PDF

Author: Atsushi Tsunekawa

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-08-23

Total Pages: 295

ISBN-13: 443154481X

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This book presents state-of-the-art scientific evidence and technological innovations to restore lands on the Loess Plateau of China, known worldwide for its serious land degradation and desertification problems. Supported by a rapidly developing Chinese economy and the dissemination of effective technology, the Grain-for-Green Project and Western Development Action launched by the Chinese government have resulted in successful ecological restoration and protection over the past 30 years. These programs have contributed not only to conservation of soil and water, but also to economic development. At the same time, however, these developmental interventions have brought new challenges that have not yet been fully addressed. The book describes (1) case studies of success and failure in practice, including rare success stories of combating desertification; (2) technical issues such as erosion control and breeding of stress-tolerant plant species, and socioeconomic measures taken by the Chinese government and lending policies with support from the World Bank; and (3) comprehensive measures against desertification, such as water and wind erosion, salinization, and deforestation. This volume is recommended for researchers and students above the undergraduate level in diverse fields including soil science, rural engineering, social technology and civil engineering, biology, ecology, climatology, physical and human geography, and developmental economics, among others. It also serves as a valuable resource for engineers, government officials, and NPOs and NGOs involved in afforestation, ecological restoration, combating desertification, disaster prevention, and sustainable rural development.

China’s Grain for Green Program

China’s Grain for Green Program PDF

Author: Claudio O. Delang

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-08-23

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9783319349855

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This book provides a comprehensive review of Grain for Green, China’s nationwide program which pays farmers to revert sloping or marginal farm land to trees or grass. The program aims to improve the ecological conditions of much of China, and the socioeconomic circumstances of hundreds of millions of people. GfG is the largest reforestation, ecological restoration, and rural development initiative in history, combining the biggest investment, the greatest involvement, and the broadest degree of public participation ever. The book is organised in three sections. Part One reviews the history of land management in China from 1949 to 1998, exploring the conditions that led to the introduction of GfG, and comparing it to other reforestation programs. Part Two offers an overview of GfG, describing the timeline of the program, compensation paid to farmers, the rules concerning land and plant selection, the extent to which these rules were followed, the attitudes of farmers towards the program, and the way in which the program is organized and implemented by various state actors. Part Three discusses the impact of the GfG, from both ecological and socio-economic standpoints, looking at the economic benefits that result from participating in the GfG, the impact of the GfG across local economies, the redistribution of the labor force and the sustainability of the program, in particular the question of what will happen to the converted land when payments to farmers end.

China Restored

China Restored PDF

Author: Eric C. Anderson

Publisher: Praeger

Published: 2010-02-26

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 1440835853

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Contrary to lurid forecasts in the West that China is on track to wrest global hegemony from the United States by 2025, China is in fact positioning itself to resume its historic role as the "Middle Kingdom"—a senior mentor with benign aspirations for guiding Asia into the mid-21st century. In China Restored: The Middle Kingdom Looks to 2020 and Beyond, Eric C. Anderson challenges the widespread perception of China as a rising giant whose authoritarian program to supplant the United States as global hegemony poses a grave international threat. He weighs in against doomsday prophets such as Martin Jacques, who predicts that China's economy and diplomatic influence will equal those of the United States by 2025 and will eclipse them by a factor of two by 2050. Anderson, a player in Washington's China policy debates who enjoys deep access to Chinese intelligence sources, counters with a careful argument that Beijing's overriding aim is in fact to foster a stable global environment conducive to its economic development and regional hegemony based on legitimate political authority rather than coercion. Anderson points to three principal factors that will drive Chinese behavior over the next 10 years: the Chinese Communist Party's desire to be recognized as a responsible member of the international community; China's effort to equip, train, and maintain a modern military; and Beijing's campaign to "sell" her governance model—from economic development to serving a domestic constituency—as a direct competitor to Washington's version of liberal democracy. Asserting that Beijing is poised to serve as Washington's "peer competitor," Anderson offers insights as to what can be expected from China in the future, including facilitating U.S. nuclear nonproliferation efforts and participating in international peacekeeping operations.

China Mending

China Mending PDF

Author: Echo Evetts

Publisher:

Published: 1983-01-01

Total Pages: 156

ISBN-13: 9780571130580

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Step-by-step instructions feature information on tools, materials, cleaning and preparation, adhesives, filling, building and reinforcing, modeling, color-matching, painting, glazing, and surface finishing

Bureaucratic Reform in Provincial China

Bureaucratic Reform in Provincial China PDF

Author: Jonathan K. Ocko

Publisher: Harvard Univ Asia Center

Published: 1983

Total Pages: 330

ISBN-13: 9780674086173

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Drawing upon the unique public and private papers of Ting Jih-ch'ang, Governor of Kiangsu, 1868-1870, this work examines the implementation of post-Taiping T'ung-chih Restoration programs in that province. The restoration of local order and rectification of society, judicial administration, fiscal affairs, and personnel problems are described against a background of continuous struggle for dominance in the countryside between local government on the one hand and the local elite on the other. Jonathan Ocko demonstrates that the declining quality of local officials resulted in an erosion of public capacity, in particular of the government's fiscal efficiency, and sharpened the moral dilemmas of office holding. Ocko's close look at the provincial and local levels of administration and at the day-to-day problems faced by TingJih-ch'ang illuminates the frustrations and failures of the reform process.

Bureaucratic Reform in Provincial China

Bureaucratic Reform in Provincial China PDF

Author: Jonathan K. Ocko

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2020-03-17

Total Pages: 316

ISBN-13: 1684172373

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"Drawing upon the unique public and private papers of Ting Jih-ch’ang, Governor of Kiangsu, 1868–1870, this work examines the implementation of post-Taiping T’ung-chih Restoration programs in that province. The restoration of local order and rectification of society, judicial administration, fiscal affairs, and personnel problems are described against a background of continuous struggle for dominance in the countryside between local government on the one hand and the local elite on the other. Jonathan Ocko demonstrates that the declining quality of local officials resulted in an erosion of public capacity, in particular of the government’s fiscal efficiency, and sharpened the moral dilemmas of office holding. Ocko’s close look at the provincial and local levels of administration and at the day-to-day problems faced by Ting Jih-ch’ang illuminates the frustrations and failures of the reform process."

The China Boom

The China Boom PDF

Author: Ho-fung Hung

Publisher: Contemporary Asia in the World

Published: 2017-03-07

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780231164191

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A systematic investigation into the origins and unraveling of China's economic miracle.

The Long Game

The Long Game PDF

Author: Rush Doshi

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2021-06-11

Total Pages: 433

ISBN-13: 0197527876

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For more than a century, no US adversary or coalition of adversaries - not Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, or the Soviet Union - has ever reached sixty percent of US GDP. China is the sole exception, and it is fast emerging into a global superpower that could rival, if not eclipse, the United States. What does China want, does it have a grand strategy to achieve it, and what should the United States do about it? In The Long Game, Rush Doshi draws from a rich base of Chinese primary sources, including decades worth of party documents, leaked materials, memoirs by party leaders, and a careful analysis of China's conduct to provide a history of China's grand strategy since the end of the Cold War. Taking readers behind the Party's closed doors, he uncovers Beijing's long, methodical game to displace America from its hegemonic position in both the East Asia regional and global orders through three sequential "strategies of displacement." Beginning in the 1980s, China focused for two decades on "hiding capabilities and biding time." After the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, it became more assertive regionally, following a policy of "actively accomplishing something." Finally, in the aftermath populist elections of 2016, China shifted to an even more aggressive strategy for undermining US hegemony, adopting the phrase "great changes unseen in century." After charting how China's long game has evolved, Doshi offers a comprehensive yet asymmetric plan for an effective US response. Ironically, his proposed approach takes a page from Beijing's own strategic playbook to undermine China's ambitions and strengthen American order without competing dollar-for-dollar, ship-for-ship, or loan-for-loan.