Checkerboards and Shatterbelts

Checkerboards and Shatterbelts PDF

Author: Philip Kelly

Publisher: University of Texas Press

Published: 2010-07-22

Total Pages: 253

ISBN-13: 0292786425

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Geography has always played a major role in world politics. In this study, Philip Kelly maps the geopolitics of South America, a continent where relative isolation from the power centers in North America and Eurasia and often forbidding internal terrain have given rise to a fascinating and unique geopolitical structure. Kelly uses the geographical concepts of "checkerboards" and "shatterbelts" to characterize much of South America's geopolitics and to explain why the continent has never been unified nor dominated by a single nation. This approach accounts for both historical relationships among South American countries and for such current situations as Brazil's inability to extend its authority across the continent from Atlantic to Pacific, its traditional competition with Argentina, its territorial expansion toward the continental heartlands, its encirclement by neighbors fearful of such expansion, and its recent rapprochement with Argentina. An important component of this book is the incorporation of the thinking and writing of South American geopolitical analysts, which leads to an interesting inventory of viewpoints on frontier conflicts, territorial expansion, industrial development, economic cooperation, and United States and European relations. Kelly's findings will be important reading for geographers, political scientists, and students and scholars of Latin American history.

Regional Worlds: Advancing the Geography of Regions

Regional Worlds: Advancing the Geography of Regions PDF

Author: Martin Jones

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-10-02

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13: 1317526562

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A key concern in the debate and empirical research on the geography of regions is the evolution of the conceptualizations and practical uses of the idea of ‘region’. This idea prioritises both the intellectual and the practical development of regional studies. This book drives the discussion further. It stresses the complex forms of agency/advocacy involved in the production and reproduction of regional spaces and space of regionalism as well as the importance of geohistory and context. The book moves beyond the territorial/relational divide that has characterized debates on regions and regional borders since the 1990s. The contributors answer key questions from different conceptual and concrete-contextual angles and to motivate readers to reflect on the perpetual significance of regional concepts and how they are mobilized by various actors to maintain or transform the contested spatialities of societal power relations. This book was based on a special issue of Regional Studies.

The Geopolitics of Regional Power

The Geopolitics of Regional Power PDF

Author: Sören Scholvin

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-03-09

Total Pages: 275

ISBN-13: 1317030451

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In the last two decades, various states from the Global South have emerged as important players in international relations. Most popular among them is China. Brazil, India and South Africa have also taken essential roles in global and regional politics. Compared to traditional great powers, they can be labelled ’regional great powers’ or ’regional powers’ because their influence is - with the exception of China - concentrated on their neighbourhood. The impact of regions, meaning the impact of geography, on the economics and politics of regional powers is surprisingly understudied. This book analyses how geographical conditions influence the regional economics and politics of South Africa, allowing the author to delineate its region of influence.

Geopolitics

Geopolitics PDF

Author: Bert Chapman

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published: 2011-04-07

Total Pages: 251

ISBN-13:

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This concise introduction to the growth and evolution of geopolitics as a discipline includes biographical information on its leading historical and contemporary practitioners and detailed analysis of its literature. An important book on a topic that has been neglected for too long, Geopolitics: A Guide to the Issues will provide readers with an enhanced understanding of how geography influences personal, national, and international economics, politics, and security. The work begins with the history of geopolitics from the late 19th century to the present, then discusses the intellectual renaissance the discipline is experiencing today due to the prevalence of international security threats involving territorial, airborne, space-based, and waterborne possession and acquisition. The book emphasizes current and emerging international geopolitical trends, examining how the U.S. and other countries, including Australia, Brazil, China, India, and Russia, are integrating geopolitics into national security planning. It profiles international geopolitical scholars and their work, and it analyzes emerging academic, military, and governmental literature, including "gray" literature and social networking technologies, such as blogs and Twitter.

Latin America and the Caribbean

Latin America and the Caribbean PDF

Author: Brian W. Blouet

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2009-09-08

Total Pages: 481

ISBN-13: 0470387734

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Updated and revised with many new detailed maps and photographs, this sixth edition enables geographers to explore the changes and major issues facing this dynamic region today. The historical material has been streamlined in order to focus on contemporary issues. Key environmental issues are highlighted in new boxes throughout the chapters. The Systematic surveys have been restructured. New profiles of Latin American countries and major issues are also covered. This approach will help geographers visit the dynamic people and places of Latin America.

Geography and Politics Among Nations

Geography and Politics Among Nations PDF

Author: Martin Sicker

Publisher: iUniverse

Published: 2010-06-01

Total Pages: 237

ISBN-13: 1450231381

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Geography and Politics Among Nations is intended to assist the general reader to grasp the significance of geopolitical awareness in the conduct of foreign relations. Toward this end, the book begins with a cursory review of selected examples of geopolitical thought from antiquity to the present, which illustrates some of the main tendencies in geopolitical thinking throughout history. This survey of both past and recent geopolitical thinking is followed by a discussion of the intimate relationship between geographical and geostrategic considerations and realistic foreign policy, and then continues with consideration of basic factors affecting geopolitical decision-making such as the size of a state, its configuration, climate, and often most critically its global and regional location. This is followed by a discussion of the frontiers, boundaries, and borderlands that separate and define the territories of states and the impact on them of technological advancements, which is then followed by an examination of the variety of territorial disputes among nations, past and present, many of which remain unresolved. The book concludes with a brief discussion of some of the continuing and prospective geopolitical challenges that are likely to be confronted in the course of the present century.

Fear and Memory in the Brazilian Army and Society, 1889-1954

Fear and Memory in the Brazilian Army and Society, 1889-1954 PDF

Author: Shawn C. Smallman

Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Press

Published: 2003-04-03

Total Pages: 278

ISBN-13: 0807860506

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For more than half a century, the Brazilian army used fear and censorship to erase aspects of its history from public memory and to create its own political myths. Although the military had remarkable success in promoting its version of events, recent democratization has allowed scholars access to new materials with which to challenge the "official story." Drawing on oral histories, secret police documents, memoirs of dissident officers, army records, and other sources only recently made available, Shawn Smallman crafts a compelling, revisionist interpretation of Brazil's political history from 1889 to 1954. Smallman examines the topics the Brazilian military wished to obscure--racial politics and terror campaigns, institutional corruption and civil-military alliances, political torture and personal rivalries--to understand the army's growing involvement in civilian affairs. Among the myths he confronts are the military's idealized rendition of its racial policies and its portrayal of itself as above the corruption associated with politicians. His account not only illuminates the origins of the military government's repressive and often brutal actions during the 1960s and 1970s but also carries implications for contemporary Brazil, as the armed forces debate their role in a democratic country.

Geoproperty

Geoproperty PDF

Author: Geoff Demarest

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2014-04-08

Total Pages: 286

ISBN-13: 1135255229

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Some innovations create new strategic property and new conflicts. Demarest argues that we have not reached the end of history and modern man will continue to fight over property as before, but the property will be of a post-modern character, such as electronic wavelengths and genetic codes.

Geopolitics of the World System

Geopolitics of the World System PDF

Author: Saul Bernard Cohen

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2003

Total Pages: 454

ISBN-13: 9780847699070

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Cohen argues that the emergence of the United States as the world's sole superpower and the process of globalization have failed to remove the importance of geography as a political and strategic factor of great import. After laying out the structural basis for his theory of geopolitical theory, he launches into an examination of how geopolitical realities have developed since World War II, a period that witnessed greater change than the preceding two and a half centuries. He then turns his attention to the meat of the book, separate examinations of the each of the major world regions, including examinations of the important countries and their individual geopolitical realities.

International Relations in Latin America

International Relations in Latin America PDF

Author: Andrea Oelsner

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2013-10-11

Total Pages: 285

ISBN-13: 1135477035

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This work studies the development of bilateral relations in two pairs of states (dyads): Argentina-Brazil and Argentina-Chile. It takes on a moderate constructivist approach that incorporates into the analysis of international relations the role of identities, ideas and perceptions as well as of material forces, and understands that the former are affected and changed during interaction. It also uses to securitization theory to explain how issues come or cease to be considered security matters through social constructions.