Bridging constructions

Bridging constructions PDF

Author: Valérie Guérin

Publisher: Language Science Press

Published:

Total Pages: 296

ISBN-13: 3961101418

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Many descriptive grammars report the use of a linguistic pattern at the interface between discourse and syntax which is known generally as tail-head linkage. This volume takes an unprecedented look at this type of linkage across languages and shows that there exist three distinct variants, all subsumed under the hypernym bridging constructions. The chapters highlight the defining features of these constructions in the grammar and their functional properties in discourse. The volume reveals that: Bridging constructions consist of two clauses: a reference clause and a bridging clause. Across languages, bridging clauses can be subordinated clauses, reduced main clauses, or main clauses with continuation prosody.Bridging constructions have three variants: recapitulative linkage, summary linkage and mixed linkage. They differ in the formal makeup of the bridging clause.In discourse, the functions that bridging constructions fulfil depend on the text genres in which they appear and their position in the text.If a language uses more than one type of bridging construction, then each type has a distinct discourse function.Bridging constructions can be optional and purely stylistic or mandatory and serve a grammatical purpose.Although the difference between bridging constructions and clause repetition can be subtle, they maintain their own distinctive characteristics.

Bridging Constructions

Bridging Constructions PDF

Author: Valérie Guérin

Publisher:

Published: 2020-10-09

Total Pages: 290

ISBN-13: 9781013292941

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Many descriptive grammars report the use of a linguistic pattern at the interface between discourse and syntax which is known generally as tail-head linkage. This volume takes an unprecedented look at this type of linkage across languages and shows that there exist three distinct variants, all subsumed under the hypernym bridging constructions. The chapters highlight the defining features of these constructions in the grammar and their functional properties in discourse. The volume reveals that: Bridging constructions consist of two clauses: a reference clause and a bridging clause. Across languages, bridging clauses can be subordinated clauses, reduced main clauses, or main clauses with continuation prosody. Bridging constructions have three variants: recapitulative linkage, summary linkage and mixed linkage. They differ in the formal makeup of the bridging clause. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.

Accelerated Bridge Construction

Accelerated Bridge Construction PDF

Author: Mohiuddin Ali Khan

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2014-08-12

Total Pages: 651

ISBN-13: 0124072259

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The traveling public has no patience for prolonged, high cost construction projects. This puts highway construction contractors under intense pressure to minimize traffic disruptions and construction cost. Actively promoted by the Federal Highway Administration, there are hundreds of accelerated bridge construction (ABC) construction programs in the United States, Europe and Japan. Accelerated Bridge Construction: Best Practices and Techniques provides a wide range of construction techniques, processes and technologies designed to maximize bridge construction or reconstruction operations while minimizing project delays and community disruption. Describes design methods for accelerated bridge substructure construction; reducing foundation construction time and methods by using pile bents Explains applications to steel bridges, temporary bridges in place of detours using quick erection and demolition Covers design-build systems' boon to ABC; development of software; use of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) Includes applications to glulam and sawn lumber bridges, precast concrete bridges, precast joints details; use of lightweight aggregate concrete, aluminum and high-performance steel

Building the Golden Gate Bridge

Building the Golden Gate Bridge PDF

Author: Harvey Schwartz

Publisher: University of Washington Press

Published: 2015-09-01

Total Pages: 201

ISBN-13: 0295806206

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Silver Award Winner, 2016 Nautilus Book Award in Young Adult (YA) Non-Fiction Moving beyond the familiar accounts of politics and the achievements of celebrity engineers and designers, Building the Golden Gate Bridge is the first book to primarily feature the voices of the workers themselves. This is the story of survivors who vividly recall the hardships, hazards, and victories of constructing the landmark span during the Great Depression. Labor historian Harvey Schwartz has compiled oral histories of nine workers who helped build the celebrated bridge. Their powerful recollections chronicle the technical details of construction, the grueling physical conditions they endured, the small pleasures they enjoyed, and the gruesome accidents some workers suffered. The result is an evocation of working-class life and culture in a bygone era. Most of the bridge builders were men of European descent, many of them the sons of immigrants. Schwartz also interviewed women: two nurses who cared for the injured and tolerated their antics, the wife of one 1930s builder, and an African American ironworker who toiled on the bridge in later years. These powerful stories are accompanied by stunning photographs of the bridge under construction. An homage to both the American worker and the quintessential San Francisco landmark, Building the Golden Gate Bridge expands our understanding of Depression-era labor and California history and makes a unique contribution to the literature of this iconic span.

Tubular Structures XV

Tubular Structures XV PDF

Author: Eduardo de Miranda Batista

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2015-04-23

Total Pages: 688

ISBN-13: 1315675498

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Tubular Structures XV contains the latest scientific and engineering developments in the field of tubular structures, as presented at the 15th International Symposium on Tubular Structures (ISTS15, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 27-29 May 2015). The International Symposium on Tubular Structures (ISTS) has a long-standing reputation for being the principal

Computational Analysis and Design of Bridge Structures

Computational Analysis and Design of Bridge Structures PDF

Author: Chung C. Fu

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2014-12-11

Total Pages: 632

ISBN-13: 1466579854

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Gain Confidence in Modeling Techniques Used for Complicated Bridge StructuresBridge structures vary considerably in form, size, complexity, and importance. The methods for their computational analysis and design range from approximate to refined analyses, and rapidly improving computer technology has made the more refined and complex methods of ana

Sustainable Bridge Structures

Sustainable Bridge Structures PDF

Author: Khaled Mahmoud

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2015-08-07

Total Pages: 344

ISBN-13: 131565783X

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The ever-increasing traffic demands, coupled with deteriorating condition of bridge structures, present great challenges for maintaining a healthy transportation network. The challenges encompass a wide range of economic, environmental, and social constraints that go beyond the technical boundaries of bridge engineering. Those constraints compound

Available Accelerated Bridge Construction Options for Short Span Bridges

Available Accelerated Bridge Construction Options for Short Span Bridges PDF

Author: Armin Mehrabi

Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Published: 2024-03-18

Total Pages: 319

ISBN-13: 1036401979

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By employing prefabricated bridge elements and systems, Accelerated Bridge Construction reduces on-site construction time and traffic disruptions, and enhances long-term performance. ABC is particularly advantageous for short-span bridges that are well-suited to standardized prefabrication. In such cases, the entire superstructure and substructure can often be constructed using prefabricated deck elements, modular decks, or systems that span the full bridge width. The construction methods can range from traditional crane installations to Self-Propelled Modular Transport units or slide-in techniques for moving the entire superstructures. This book introduces the concept of ABC and examines its application in the context of short-span bridge construction. It categorizes and details short-span bridges based on various criteria and evaluates the performance of the existing bridges. Decision-making processes regarding the adoption of ABC, choice of elements, systems, and construction methods are also discussed. Additionally, the book covers the inspection of short-span bridges and includes a design example.