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Brain and Heart Crosstalk

Author: Hemanshu Prabhakar

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-06-15

Total Pages: 140

ISBN-13: 9811524971

This book discusses the underlying mechanisms connecting the brain and heart. The physiology of the brain is such that it is easily affected by any altered physiology of other systems, which in turn may compromise cerebral blood flow and oxygenation. Together, the brain and heart control our body systems, allowing them to function automatically. This interaction between the brain and other systems makes it important for us to understand how any kind of injury to the brain can produce complications in remote organs or systems, such as the heart. The central nervous system is responsible for vegetative function and is central to homeostasis. Further, central nervous system responses are linked to the ongoing function of other organ systems e.g. feeding, thermoregulation, reproduction and muscle activity. It is therefore logical that neural control of the cardiovascular system must also interact with the neural control of other organ systems. This book explains in detail stressed cardiac conditions, discussing the pathophysiology and proposed treatment, and also describing lesser-known crosstalks between the acutely or chronically affected brain and heart.

Brain and Heart Crosstalk

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2020

Total Pages: 140

ISBN-13: 9789811524981

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Stress (Takotsubo) Cardiomyopathy

Author: Wei-Ting Chang

Publisher:

Published: 2018-04

Total Pages: 98

ISBN-13: 9781536133554

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Stress cardiomyopathy, also called Takotsubo cardiomyopathy or apical ballooning syndrome, is defined as acute left ventricular dysfunction associated with high stimulation of endogenous or exogenous catecholamine in a critically ill individual. The detailed mechanisms underlying the association between this autonomic storm and myocardial toxicity are comprehensively discussed in this book. According to the diagnostic criteria released by the American Heart Association, the diagnosis of this reversible cardiomyopathy requires: 1) Transient left ventricular wall motion abnormalities involving the apical and/or midventricular myocardial segments with wall motion abnormalities extending beyond a single epicardial coronary artery distribution; 2) the absence of obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease that could be responsible for the observed wall motion abnormality; 3) ECG abnormalities, such as transient ST-segment elevation and/or diffused T wave inversion associated with a slight troponin elevation; and 4) the lack of proven pheochromocytoma and myocarditis. However, the detailed mechanisms through which the autonomic nervous systems regulate the heart and the manner in which their impairment caused adverse effects on cardiovascular function have not yet been well described. Also, increasing evidences indicated that the long term cardiovascular or neurologic impact of stress cardiomyopathy may not be as benign and we thought. Also, there is limited evidence regarding the management. At least recent clinical researches explored whether specific factors explain specific patient susceptibilities to the disease and should be directed towards early identification and stratification at risk. The purpose of this book is to provide an up-to-date review of the clinical presentation of stress cardiomyopathy, discuss possible causal mechanisms, and highlight the recent development of managements. This issue of stress cardiomyopathy comprehensively discussed the crosstalk between the brain and the heart. Experts review the most updated literature regarding clinical profile, imaging modalities, management and infectious or neurologic stress induced cardiomyopathy. The latest information will help medical practitioners in the diagnosis and management of this condition.

Stress (Takotsubo) Cardiomyopathy

Author: Wei-Ting Chang

Publisher:

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 145

ISBN-13: 9781536133561

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Brain and Organ Communication

Author: Charu Mahajan

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2024-11-01

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 044322269X

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Brain and Organ Communication: Effects of Crosstalk on Neurophysiology examines the intricate relationship between the brain and other organ systems within the body. With an emphasis on homeostasis of these systems, this book also explores how various systems are related and affected by the brain injury or organ damage from a neurophysiological standpoint. This book will be most useful to researchers in neuroscience and graduate students studying neurophysiology. Those with an interest in endocrinology and clinicians in various branches of neuroscience and physiology will also find this book of interest. Examines cross talk between the brain and major organ systems Explores multiple organs, including heart, lungs, kidneys, gut, and more Identifies how this communication affects neurophysiology Provides management strategies for injuries to the brain and organs

Brain and Heart Dynamics

Author: Stefano Govoni

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2020-07-31

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9783030280079

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This ambitious and comprehensive handbook represents an essential contribution to our current understanding of interactions between heart and brain, a research topic generating growing interest. Despite the increasing awareness that neural mechanisms are the primary cause of cardiac disease and its progression, therapy continues to focus on end-organ protection and does not approach the neural core of the problem. Growing public health problems such as heart failure are still treated with autonomic drugs that are 30-40 years old and simply act on cardiac receptors. However, it has now been shown that the progression of ischemic heart disease to heart failure is mainly due to abnormal central responses to incipient cardiac disease, with neural activation the primary cause rather than the consequence of cardiac remodeling. Written by leading international experts in their respective research areas, the book presents a variety of perspectives on the core topic: from social and philosophical to gender-related aspects. It is designed for a broad readership and includes dedicated sections for cardiologists, psychiatrists, neurologists and psychotherapists looking for a more insightful and targeted approach to neuro-cardiovascular disease.

Brain and Lung Crosstalk

Author: Hemanshu Prabhakar

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-05-11

Total Pages: 111

ISBN-13: 9811523452

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The central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord, has a high metabolic demand. The physiology of the brain is such that it is easily affected by alterations in other systems, which in turn can compromise cerebral blood flow and oxygenation. Together the brain and spinal cord control the automatic function of our body systems. While other systems of body controls individual functions, central nervous system at the same time does many different functions, especially, controlling the function of other systems. This interaction between the brain and other systems is important when it comes to understanding how injuries to the brain can, at times, produce complications in remote organs or systems of the body, such as the lungs. This book explains the lesser-known crosstalks between acutely or chronically affected brain and lung, describing the pathophysiology of the lung following brain injury and discussing in detail the conflicts between the brain and lungs in relation to the tidal volumes, positive end-expiratory pressures, arterial carbon dioxide and oxygen levels, recruitment maneuvers and positioning, as well as potential therapeutic targets.

Brain and Kidney Crosstalk

Author: Hemanshu Prabhakar

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-06-27

Total Pages: 126

ISBN-13: 9811523258

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This book discusses normal brain physiology and renal physiology, as well as the interactions between the two. The physiology of the brain can easily be affected by any changes to the physiology of other systems, which in turn may compromise cerebral blood flow and oxygenation. Together the brain and the renal system help our body systems to function automatically. The book addresses the basic aspects of neurophysiology and renal physiology in three broad sections, the first of which covers the basic principles of cerebral physiology and neural regulation of the renal system. The second part reviews the normal physiology of the renal system, including the mechanism of action, while the last section summarizes the correlation between the brain and kidney. Highly informative and clearly structured, the book provides essential insights for anyone with an interest in physiology and medicine.

The Cellular Secretome and Organ Crosstalk

Author: Juergen Eckel

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2018-06-12

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13: 0128097191

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The Cellular Secretome and Organ Crosstalk focuses on the release of peptides and proteins from different organs and their specific functions in metabolic regulation and cell- and organ crosstalk. The book is written for experts in the field, however, for each topic, helpful references are included. The book also includes technical sections that summarize the state-of-the-art of secretome and crosstalk analysis. This book fulfills the need for a resource that comprehensively describes the current knowledge of secretome biology in health and disease. Communication between different organs involves lipids and other small molecules and a host of proteins and peptides comprising the secretome of different organs (organokinome). More than 600 adipokines have been identified, and an increasing number of hepatokines and myokines have recently been discovered with mostly unknown physiological impact. Importantly, an aberrant signature of the organokinome may be critically underlying a variety of metabolic diseases and may determine the individual susceptibility to disease development. Summarizes our current knowledge on the secretome of different cells and tissues Dissects auto-, para- and endocrine functions of major secreted peptides and proteins Analyzes the secretory malfunction of different cells and its impact for disease development Authored by a leader in the field, presenting a coherent view on this very complex topic

The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism

Author: Anne Le

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-06-26

Total Pages: 186

ISBN-13: 331977736X

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Genetic alterations in cancer, in addition to being the fundamental drivers of tumorigenesis, can give rise to a variety of metabolic adaptations that allow cancer cells to survive and proliferate in diverse tumor microenvironments. This metabolic flexibility is different from normal cellular metabolic processes and leads to heterogeneity in cancer metabolism within the same cancer type or even within the same tumor. In this book, we delve into the complexity and diversity of cancer metabolism, and highlight how understanding the heterogeneity of cancer metabolism is fundamental to the development of effective metabolism-based therapeutic strategies. Deciphering how cancer cells utilize various nutrient resources will enable clinicians and researchers to pair specific chemotherapeutic agents with patients who are most likely to respond with positive outcomes, allowing for more cost-effective and personalized cancer therapeutic strategies.