Boron and Refractory Borides

Boron and Refractory Borides PDF

Author: G.V. Samsonov

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 666

ISBN-13: 3642666205

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V. I. MATKOVICH During the meeting of the International Symposium on Boron held in October, 1972 in Tbilisi, U.S.S.R., the idea was proposed to assemble a review of boron and refractory borides by the specialists present. The advantages of such a work were immediately apparent. Such diverse applications of borides as in protective armor, nuclear reactors, coat ings, reinforcement, etc. can hardly all be presented in sufficient detail by a single author. On the other hand it was also recognized that with so much specialization, some areas of interest may not be covered. Within the last decade or two a number of areas have been developed in which the use of refractory borides is growing and improvements are being actively explored. Thus, a number of borides have considerable potential as reinforcing material for plastics or light metals, though only boron fibers have been firmly established up to the present. Ap plication of flakes and films for two-dimensional reinforcement appears attractive, although the high cost of materials and development repre sents a considerable barrier. A number of borides have been used to manufacture lightweight protec tive armor. In this area relatively fast changes seem to be taking place as improvements in performance and weight are made. Boron carbide has found considerable use in this application and new developments exploit the light weight of beryllium borides.

The Determination of Boron in Refractory Borides by Pyrohydrolysis

The Determination of Boron in Refractory Borides by Pyrohydrolysis PDF

Author: G. J. McKinley

Publisher:

Published: 1965

Total Pages: 21

ISBN-13:

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An analytical method has been developed for the determination of boron in the refractory borides of titanium, zirconium, niobium and tantalum. Pyrohydrolysis of the refractory boride forms boric acid which is distilled, collected, and titrated by a mannitol-sodium hydroxide procedure. The method is precise and accurate, and its simplicity of operation makes it attractive for use as a routine procedure. (Author).

The Physics and Chemistry of Carbides, Nitrides and Borides

The Physics and Chemistry of Carbides, Nitrides and Borides PDF

Author: R. Freer

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 716

ISBN-13: 9400921012

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Carbides, nitrides and borides are families of related refractory materials. Traditionally they have been employed in applications associated with engineering ceramics where either high temperature strength or stability is of primary importance. In recent years there has been a growing awareness of the interesting electrical, thermal and optical properties exhibited by these materials, and the fact that many can be prepared as monolithic ceramics, single crystals and thin films. In practical terms carbides, nitrides and borides offer the prospect of a new generation of semiconductor materials, for example, which can function at very high temperatures in severe environmental conditions. However, as yet, we have only a limited understanding of the detailed physics and chemistry of the materials and how the preparation techniques influence the properties. Under the auspices of the NATO Science Committee an Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) was held on the Physics and Chemistry of Carbides, Nitrides and Borides (University of Manchester, 18-22 September, 1989) in order to assess progress to date and identify the most promising themes and materials for future research. An international group of 38 scientists considered developments in 5 main areas: The preparation of powders, monolithic ceramics, single crystals and thin films; Phase transformations, microstructure, defect structure and mass transport; Materials stability; Theoretical studies; Electrical, thermal and optical properties of bulk materials and thin films.

Peculiarities of Refractory Borides Formation During Mechanical Alloying IV-V Group Transition Metals with Boron in Planetary Mill

Peculiarities of Refractory Borides Formation During Mechanical Alloying IV-V Group Transition Metals with Boron in Planetary Mill PDF

Author: Maria Prokopivna Savyak

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Mechanical alloying in the transition IV-V group metal-boron systems runs by the two following mechanisms: mechanically induced reaction of self-propagating synthesis determined by the enthalpy of refractory compound formation and capability to form substitutional solid solution through replacement of a metal atom by boron atoms; and diffusion-controlled process when a supersaturated interstitial solid solution prevails and its bcc lattice gradually transforms to the hexagonal lattice of the MeB2 phase at a critical boron content. The domination of one of the above mechanisms is determined by capability of boron to form substitutional or interstitial solid solution. In the case of formation of combined (SSS and ISS) solid solutions, domination of a mechanism is determined by the interatomic bond strength as well as by the intensity of mechanical alloying. The method for calculation of the free Gibbs energy of the interstitial and substitutional solid solutions on the basis of the regular solution model was developed. It was shown that during milling tantalum and boron in a planetary mill, at first the formation of a combined solid solution occurs where two boron atoms replace one tantalum atom. Both the mechanisms of solid solution formation decrease the solution Gibbs energy. When a SSS dominates over the formation of an ISS, the Gibbs energy acquires a minimum value at a concentration of boron in tantalum of 50 at%, which leads to the solution decomposition.

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