Boiler Water Treatment: Principles and Practice

Boiler Water Treatment: Principles and Practice PDF

Author: Colin Frayne

Publisher:

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780820603711

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BOILER WATER TREATMENT, PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE VOLUME 1 of Two Volumes by COLIN FRAYNE. Vol. I: Boiler Basics and Steam Water Chemistry, ISBN: 0-8206-0371-6 This comprehensive reference is the most practical field guide ever written on steam and boiler water treatment. In this two-volume handbook, Colin Frayne (Cooling Water Treatment, Principles and Practice, also by Chemical Publishing) analyzes the whole spectrum of boiler systems, including those used in residential complexes, commercial and institutional buildings, and industrial facilities. The breadth of the book covers: All types of boilers plants, from small cast iron units to large utility and nuclear power plants. Boiler subsystems, appurtenances, and auxiliaries Boiler maintenance and troubleshooting, fuel treatments, combustion gas analysis, pre-treatment processes, chemicals, and operational management Historical and modern program design and control in accordance with international standards Introduction; The Function of Boiler Water; Treatment and Its Marketing Steam Generation; Boiler Types and Applications; Boiler Plant Subsystems, Appurtenances, and Auxiliaries; Waterside and Steamside Problems: The Basics; Waterside and Steamside Problems: Hot Water Heating and Low-Pressure Steam Boiler; Waterside and Steamside Problems: Pre-Boiler Section Specifics; Waterside and Steamside Problems: Boiler Section Specifics; Waterside and Steamside Problems: Post-Boiler Section Specifics; Pre-Boiler and Post-Boiler Treatment Processes; Internal Treatment Programs; Adjuncts and Conjuctional Treatments; Control of Boiler Water Chemistry; Operational Control of Waterside Surfaces; Control of Fireside Conditions and Surfaces. Appendix I Useful Data; Appendix II Glossary; Bibliography. Index. This book is Volume 1 of a 2 Volume set. Other titles by author Colin Frayne: Cooling Water Treatment: Principles and Practice ISBN 978-0-8206-0370-4; Cooling Water Treatment Principles and Practices: Charts and Notes For Field Use ISBN 978-0-8206-0003-1

Boiler Water Treatment Principles and Practice

Boiler Water Treatment Principles and Practice PDF

Author: Colin Frayne

Publisher: Chemical Publishing Company

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 66

ISBN-13: 9780820601731

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Table of Contents: About the Author - Saturated steam temperatures at various boiler pressures - Boiler Energy and Power Units - Typical gross heating values of common fuels (based on approximately 80% fuel to steam efficiency) - Typical energy consumption and output ratings for a fire tube boiler - Steam tables suitable for pressure deaerators - Calculating Blowdown - Coefficients of thermal conductivity for some heat-exchanger metals and boiler deposits - Types of water or steam commonly employed in most HW heating and steam generating plants - Commonly occurring minerals in natural MU water sources - Specific waterside / steamside problems affecting MPHW and HPHW boiler plants - Salt concentration indicators - Summary of waterside / steamside problems affecting LPHW and LP steam heating boiler plants - FW contamination from MU water - FW contamination from returned condensate - Problems associated with the final FW blend - Deposition of boiler section waterside surfaces by alkaline earth metal salts, other inorganic salts and organics - Silica and silicate crystalline scales and deposits affecting boiler section waterside surfaces - Iron oxide and other boiler section corrosion debris deposits - Boiler section corrosion problems involving oxygen, concentration cells and low pH - Stress and high temperature related corrosion - Steam purity, quality and other operational problems - Specification for grades of high-quality water suitable for higher pressure WT boilers - Practical considerations for a RW ion-exchange softener - Types of Internal Treatment Program - Carbonate Cycle Requirement Calculations - Phosphate-Cycle Requirement Calculations - A Guide to Tannin Residuals in BW - Carbonate-Cycle Program. BW Carbonate Reserve Requirements by Pressure and Sulfate Concentration - Carbonate-Cycle Coagulation and Precipitation Program. Recommended BW Control Limits for Non-Highly-Rated FT Boilers Employing Hard or Partially Softened FW - Phosphate-Cycle Coagulation and Precipitation Program. Recommended BW Control Limits for Non-Highly-Rated FT Boilers Employing Hard, Partially Softened, or Fully Softened FW - Phosphate-Cycle Coagulation and Precipitation Program. Recommended BW Control Limits for Non-Highly-Rated WT Boilers Employing Hard, Partially Softened, or Fully Softened FW - Chelant demand (ppm product) per 1ppm substrate EDTA Chelant or All-Polymer/All-Organic Program. Recommended BW Control Limits for Fired WT Boilers Employing Demineralized or Similar Quality FW - Oxygen Solubility at Atmospheric Pressure - Properties of Oxygen Scavengers - Carbon Dioxide Evolution from FW Alkalinity - Amine Requirement to Reach a Stable Condensate pH - Amine Basicity Dissociation Constants - Neutralizing Amine Summary Notes - Some DR values for CO2, NH3 and neutralizing amines at various pressures - Calculating Alkalinity Feed-Rate Requirements - [ASME Consensus table 1: Suggested water chemistry limits. Industrial watertube, high duty, primary fuel fired, drum typeMakeup water percentage: Up to 100% of feedwater. Conditions: Includes superheater, turbine drives or process restriction on steam purity] - [ASME Consensus table 2: Suggested chemistry limits. Industrial watertube, high duty, primary fuel fired, drum type] - [ASME Consensus table 3: Suggested chemistry limits. Industrial firetube, high duty, primary fuel fired] - [ASME Consensus table 4: Suggested water chemistry limits. Industrial coil type, watertube, high duty, primary fuel fired rapid steam generators] - [ASME Consensus table 5: Suggested water chemistry limits. Marine propulsion, watertube, oil fired drum type] - [ASME Consensus table 6: Suggested water chemistry limits. Electrode, high voltage, forced circulation jet type] - Notes

Cooling Water Treatment: Principles and Practice

Cooling Water Treatment: Principles and Practice PDF

Author: Colin Frayne

Publisher:

Published: 2010-03-30

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780820600031

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Cooling Water Treatment Principles and Practices: Charts and Notes For Field Use; Is the companion field guide handbook to Cooling Water Treatment Principles and Practices by Colin Frayne. In this handbook you will find many helpful formulas for use in the field such as formulas for: Refrigeration in cooling towers, Conductive heat flow, General industrial and cooling water makeup contents, Coagulants and flocculants, Filter types, Water softeners, Commonly found corrosion types, Mineral and silica deposit types, Equations for solving pH, Common bacteria and Fungi types, Inhibitor components, A suggested biocide selection chart for comfort cooling systems, A cleaning and disinfection program for cooling systems, and Cooling water control parameters. The charts and formulas contained in this field handbook provide an overview of many situations encountered in the field and will aid in the diagnosis and solution of many water issues you will encounter on the job. Also provided are two separate sections for keeping notes on specific issues. Other titles by author Colin Frayne: 0-8206-0371-6 Boiler Water Treatment, Principles and Practice, Vol. I 0-8206-0400-3 Boiler Water Treatment, Principles and Practice, Vol. II

Practical Boiler Water Treatment Handbook

Practical Boiler Water Treatment Handbook PDF

Author: Natarajan Manivasakam

Publisher:

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780820601717

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PARTIAL CONTENTS - PART - I. BOILER BASICS - Chapter 1. Boiler - An Introduction - Chapter 2. Classification of Boilers - Chapter 3. Common Terms and Explanation - PART - II. BOILER WATER TROUBLES - Chapter 4. Impurities in Water and Their Effects - Chapter 5. Boiler Water Troubles - A Prelude - Chapter 6. Scale Formation - Chapter 7. Silica Carryover - Chapter 8. Scale Formation in Economizers - Chapter 9. Super Heater and Turbine Deposits - Chapter 10. Corrosion - Basic Information - Chapter 11. General Corrosion (Overall Corrosion / Acidic Corrosion) - Chapter 12. Dissolved Oxygen Corrosion (Pitting Corrosion) - Chapter 13. Carbondioxide Corrosion - Chapter 14. Corrosion caused by Unstable Salts - Chapter 15. Corrosion caused by Other Substances - Chapter 16. Corrosion caused by Chelants (Chelant Corrosion) - Chapter 17. Caustic Embrittlement and Caustic Gouging - Chapter 18. Hydrogen Embrittlement - Chapter 19. Condensate Corrosion - Chapter 20. Preboiler Corrosion - Chapter 21. Economizer Corrosion - Chapter 22. Super Heater and Turbine Corrosion - Chapter 23. Foaming, Priming & Carryover - PART - III. WATER QUALITY REQUIREMENTS AND TREATMENT PROGRAMS - Chapter 24. Quality Requirements for Feed Water and Boiler Water - Chapter 25. Objectives of Boiler Water Treatment - Chapter 26. External Treatment and Internal Treatment - Chapter 27. Water Treatment programs - Guidelines - PART - IV. EXTERNAL TREATMENT - Chapter 28. External Treatment - A Prelude - Chapter 29. Coagulation (Removal of Color, Turbidity and Suspended Matter) - Chapter 30. Filtration - Chapter 31. Softening by Chemical Method (Lime - Soda Softening) - Chapter 32. Ion Exchange Resins and Treatment Methods - Chapter 33. Softening by Ion-Exchange Method - Chapter 34. Dealkalization - Chapter 35. Demineralization (Deionization) - Chapter 36. Mixed Bed Deionization - Chapter 37. Reverse Osmosis - Chapter 38. Evaporation - Chapter 39. Silica Removal - Chapter 40. Oil Removal - Chapter 41. Condensate Treatment (Condensate Polishing) - Chapter 42. Deaeration (Mechanical Removal of Oxygen) - PART - V. INTERNAL TREATMENT - Chapter 43. Internal Boiler Water Treatment - A Prelude - Chapter 44. Organic Polymers and Their Role as Scale Inhibitors, Dispersants and Sludge Conditioners in Boiler Water Treatment - Chapter 45. Internal Treatment - Chemical Feeding - Chapter 46. Prevention of Scale Formation - Chapter 47. Sludge Conditioning - Chapter 48. Prevention of Corrosion - An Introduction - Chapter 49. Prevention of Corrosion Due to Low pH - Chapter 50. Prevention of Pitting Corrosion Using Oxygen Scavengers (Chemical Removal of Oxygen) - Chapter 51. Prevention of Caustic Embrittlement and Caustic Gouging - Chapter 52. Prevention of Chelant Corrosion - Chapter 53. Prevention of Condensate Corrosion - Chapter 54. Prevention of Pre-Boiler Corrosion - Chapter 55. Prevention of Economizer Corrosion - Chapter 56. Prevention of Foaming, Priming & Carryover - Chapter 57. Prevention of Silica Carryover - Chapter 58. Boiler Blow Down - PART - VI. BOILER WATER TREATMENT - IMPORTANT CALCULATIONS - Chapter 59. Basic Conversion Factors - Chapter 60. Water Softening - Calculations - Chapter 61. Cycles of Concentration, Blowdown, Feed Water and Makeup Water - Calculations - Chapter 62. Determination of Dosage of Chemicals - PART - VII. BOILER START UP, CLEANING, LAY UP AND MAINTENANCE - Chapter 63. Boiler Startup (Pre-operational Cleaning) - Chapter 64. Descaling and Boiler Cleaning - Chapter 65. Boiler LayUp - Chapter 66. Boiler Maintenance - PART - VIII. CHEMICALS HANDLING, SOLUTION PREPARATION AND FEEDERS - Chapter 67. Chemicals Handling and Storage - Chapter 68. Preparation of Solutions and Suspensions - Chapter 69. Chemical Feeders - PART - IX. ANALYSIS OF WATER AND STEAM - See Website for full TOC

The Chemical Treatment of Boiler Water

The Chemical Treatment of Boiler Water PDF

Author: James W. McCoy

Publisher: Chemical Publishing Company

Published: 1981

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780820603773

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Those involved in the design, operation, or maintenance of industrial boilers will find this book an invaluable source of information. First the author discusses the relationship between boilers and the generated steam. The prevention of scaling, corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, and steam contamination are fully explored followed by an in-depth examination of the chemical treatments necessary to implement preventative measures. Specific types of boilers are discussed, water treatment programs and operating guidelines are outlined. Finally, step-by-step procedures are given for testing boiler water for the various contaminants. The clarity and accuracy of presentation allows this book to function as a manual as well as a text. CONTENTS: Principles of Steam Generation; Objectives in Treating Water for Boilers; Physical methods for Improving Water Quality; External Chemical Treatments; Internal Chemical Treatments; Operating Procedures; Complications in the Operation of Boilers: Analytical Methods;

Chemical Engineering Design

Chemical Engineering Design PDF

Author: Gavin Towler

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-01-25

Total Pages: 1321

ISBN-13: 0080966608

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Chemical Engineering Design, Second Edition, deals with the application of chemical engineering principles to the design of chemical processes and equipment. Revised throughout, this edition has been specifically developed for the U.S. market. It provides the latest US codes and standards, including API, ASME and ISA design codes and ANSI standards. It contains new discussions of conceptual plant design, flowsheet development, and revamp design; extended coverage of capital cost estimation, process costing, and economics; and new chapters on equipment selection, reactor design, and solids handling processes. A rigorous pedagogy assists learning, with detailed worked examples, end of chapter exercises, plus supporting data, and Excel spreadsheet calculations, plus over 150 Patent References for downloading from the companion website. Extensive instructor resources, including 1170 lecture slides and a fully worked solutions manual are available to adopting instructors. This text is designed for chemical and biochemical engineering students (senior undergraduate year, plus appropriate for capstone design courses where taken, plus graduates) and lecturers/tutors, and professionals in industry (chemical process, biochemical, pharmaceutical, petrochemical sectors). New to this edition: Revised organization into Part I: Process Design, and Part II: Plant Design. The broad themes of Part I are flowsheet development, economic analysis, safety and environmental impact and optimization. Part II contains chapters on equipment design and selection that can be used as supplements to a lecture course or as essential references for students or practicing engineers working on design projects. New discussion of conceptual plant design, flowsheet development and revamp design Significantly increased coverage of capital cost estimation, process costing and economics New chapters on equipment selection, reactor design and solids handling processes New sections on fermentation, adsorption, membrane separations, ion exchange and chromatography Increased coverage of batch processing, food, pharmaceutical and biological processes All equipment chapters in Part II revised and updated with current information Updated throughout for latest US codes and standards, including API, ASME and ISA design codes and ANSI standards Additional worked examples and homework problems The most complete and up to date coverage of equipment selection 108 realistic commercial design projects from diverse industries A rigorous pedagogy assists learning, with detailed worked examples, end of chapter exercises, plus supporting data and Excel spreadsheet calculations plus over 150 Patent References, for downloading from the companion website Extensive instructor resources: 1170 lecture slides plus fully worked solutions manual available to adopting instructors

Water

Water PDF

Author: Colin Kaminski

Publisher: Brewers Publications

Published: 2013-09-16

Total Pages: 313

ISBN-13: 1938469100

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Water is arguably the most critical and least understood of the foundation elements in brewing. For many brewers used to choosing from a wide selection of hops and grain, water seems like an ingredient for which they have little choice but to accept what comes out of their faucet. But brewers in fact have many opportunities to modify their source water or to obtain mineral-free water and build their own brewing water from scratch. Much of the relevant information can be found in texts on physical and inorganic chemistry or water treatment and analysis, but these resources seldom, if ever, speak to brewers. Water: A Comprehensive Guide for Brewers takes the mystery out of water's role in the brewing process. This book is not just about brewing liquor. Whether in a brewery or at home, water is needed for every part of the brewing process: chilling, diluting, cleaning, boiler operation, wastewater treatment, and even physically pushing wort or beer from one place to another. The authors lead the reader from an overview of the water cycle and water sources, to adjusting water for different beer styles and brewery processes, to wastewater treatment. It covers precipitation, groundwater, and surface water, and explains how municipal water is treated to make it safe to drink but not always suitable for brewing. The parameters measured in a water report are explained, along with their impact on the mash and the final beer. Understand ion concentrations, temporary and permanent hardness, and pH. The concept of residual alkalinity is covered in detail and the causes of alkalinity in water are explored, along with techniques to control alkalinity. Ultimately, residual alkalinity is the major effector on mash pH, and this book addresses how to predict and target a specific mash pH—a key skill for any brewer wishing to raise their beer to the next level. But minerals in brewing water also determine specific flavor attributes. Ionic species important to beer are discussed and concepts like the sulfate-to-chloride ratio are explained. Examples illustrate how to tailor your brewing water to suit any style of beer. To complete the subject, the authors focus on brewery operations relating to source water treatment, such as the removal of particulates, dissolved solids, gas and liquid contaminants, organic contaminants, chlorine and chloramine, and dissolved oxygen. This section considers the pros and cons of various technologies, including membrane technologies such as filtration, ion-exchange systems, and reverse osmosis.

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