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Behavioral Methods in Consciousness Research

Author: Morten Overgaard

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2015-03-26

Total Pages: 288

ISBN-13: 0191002755

The past two decades have seen a surge of interest in the topic of consciousness, with the result that the research literature has expanded greatly. However, until now, there has been little consensus on just which methods are the most effective for the study of consciousness. As a result, a wide range of experimental paradigms have been employed, sometimes making it difficult to compare and contrast experimental findings. 'Behavioral Methods in Consciousness Research' is the first book of its kind, providing an overview of methods and approaches for studying consciousness. The chapters are written by leading researchers and experts, who describe the methods they actually use in their own studies, along with their pitfalls, problems, and difficulties. For all students and researchers embarking on research in this area - and even seasoned researchers - this book is a valuable source of information in helping them design, perform, and analyze scientifically rigorous experiments.

The Oxford Handbook of the Philosophy of Consciousness

Author: Uriah Kriegel

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2020-06-10

Total Pages: 711

ISBN-13: 0198749678

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The Oxford Handbook of the Philosophy of Consciousness provides the most comprehensive overview of current philosophical research on consciousness. Featuring contributions from some of the most prominent experts in the field, it explores the wide range of types of consciousness there may be, the many psychological phenomena with which consciousness interacts, and the various views concerning the ultimate relationship between consciousness and physical reality. It is an essential and authoritative resource for anyone working in philosophy of mind or interested in states of consciousness.

Oxford Studies in Philosophy of Mind Volume 3

Author: Uriah Kriegel

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2023-06-07

Total Pages: 481

ISBN-13: 0198879474

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Oxford Studies in Philosophy of Mind presents cutting-edge work in the philosophy of mind, combining invited articles and articles selected from submissions. Each volume will highlight two themes to bring focus to debates. The series will reflect the diversity of methods adopted in contemporary philosophy of mind and provide a venue for rigorous and innovative work by both established and up-and-coming voices in the field. The themes covered in the third volume are mind and science, sensory experience, and the philosophy of mind of Margaret Cavendish and C.A. Strong. It also contains a book symposium on David Papineau's The Metaphysics of Sensory Experience.

Introspection

Author: Maja Spener

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2024-01-31

Total Pages: 236

ISBN-13: 0198867441

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What is introspection? Does introspection deliver theoretically valuable information about the mind? There is a long history in philosophy and psychology of using introspection to gather data about the mind. Introspection is often held to constitute our best and only direct access to consciousness and hence to be essential to any investigation of the conscious mind. Equally longstanding and widespread, however, are critical concerns that introspection is highly susceptible to interference, which, together with its privacy, renders it unreliable as a source of data about the mind. Maja Spener offers an understanding of introspection that clarifies its epistemic importance in theorising about the mind. In particular, seemingly overwhelming concerns about the reliability of introspection are transformed into something methodologically more tractable. Central to the approach put forward in the book is the distinction between introspection as inquiry and introspection as mental capacity - between introspective method and introspective access. The first part of the book articulates, defends, and applies a novel framework for the systematic assessment of the potential and limitations of introspective methods. The framework is historically motivated, drawing on insights from key figures in early scientific psychology (especially Wilhelm Wundt, William James, and Georg Elias Müller) whose used and discussed introspective methods extensively. The second part of the book develops a composite pluralism about introspective access, showing how different modes of introspective access fit into the common sense and scientific pictures of our minds. Key to this pluralist account is the explanatory role introspection plays in our agency.

Qualitative Consciousness

Author: Josh Weisberg

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2022-10-20

Total Pages: 321

ISBN-13: 1108851835

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Qualitative consciousness is conscious experience marked by the presence of sensory qualities, like the experienced painfulness of having a piano dropped on your foot, or the consciousness of seeing the brilliant reds and oranges of a sunset. Over his career, philosopher David Rosenthal has defended an influential theoretical approach to explaining qualitative consciousness. This approach involves the development of two theories – the higher-order thought theory of mental state consciousness and the quality space theory of sensory quality. If the problem of explaining qualitative consciousness is divided into two more manageable pieces, the door opens to a satisfying explanation of what is seen by some to be an intractable explanatory puzzle. This interdisciplinary collection develops, criticizes, and expands upon themes inspired by Rosenthal's work. The result is an exciting collection of new essays by philosophers and scientists, which will be of interest to all those engaged in consciousness studies.

The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation

Author: Richard Ryan

Publisher: Oxford Library of Psychology

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 561

ISBN-13: 0190666455

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Revised edition of The Oxford handbook of human motivation, c2012.

Invisible, but how? The depth of unconscious processing as inferred from different suppression techniques.

Author: Julien Dubois

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2015-02-09

Total Pages: 144

ISBN-13: 2889194205

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To what level are invisible stimuli processed by the brain in the absence of conscious awareness? It is widely accepted that simple visual properties of invisible stimuli are processed; however, the existence of higher-level unconscious processing (e.g., involving semantic or executive functions) remains a matter of debate. Several methodological factors may underlie the discrepancies found in the literature, such as different levels of conservativeness in the definition of “unconscious” or different dependent measures of unconscious processing. In this research topic, we are particularly interested in yet another factor: inherent differences in the amount of information let through by different suppression techniques. In the same conditions of well-controlled, conservatively established invisibility, can we show that some of the techniques in the “psychophysical magic” arsenal (e.g., masking, but also visual crowding, attentional blink, etc.) reliably lead to higher-level unconscious processing than others (e.g., interocular suppression)? Some authors have started investigating this question, using multiple techniques in similar settings . We argue that this approach should be extended and refined. Indeed, in order to delineate the frontiers of the unconscious mind using a contrastive method, one has to disentangle the limits attributable to unawareness itself, and those attributable to the technique inducing unawareness. The scope of this research topic is to provide a platform for scientists to contribute insights and further experiments addressing this fundamental question.

Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2018

Author: Alexei V. Samsonovich

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-08-23

Total Pages: 362

ISBN-13: 331999316X

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The book focuses on original approaches intended to support the development of biologically inspired cognitive architectures. It bridges together different disciplines, from classical artificial intelligence to linguistics, from neuro- and social sciences to design and creativity, among others. The chapters, based on contributions presented at the Ninth Annual Meeting of the BICA Society, held in on August 23-24, 2018, in Prague, Czech Republic, discuss emerging methods, theories and ideas towards the realization of general-purpose humanlike artificial intelligence or fostering a better understanding of the ways the human mind works. All in all, the book provides engineers, mathematicians, psychologists, computer scientists and other experts with a timely snapshot of recent research and a source of inspiration for future developments in the broadly intended areas of artificial intelligence and biological inspiration.

Cognitive Behavior Therapy

Author: John Foreyt

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 293

ISBN-13: 1468424963

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The recent development of cognitive theories and therapies within the ranks of behavior therapy has to be classified as one of the more intriguing developments in contemporary clinical psychology. After all, "behaviorists" have long been stereotyped as cold, hard-headed environmentalists who have been anything but subtle in their at tacks on mentalism. To those who have accepted such a stereotype, a "cognitive behavior therapist" might sound like a self-contradic tory creature, one steeped in two separate and incompatible psy chological traditions. How can one be both "cognitive" and "be havioral"? This is only one of the issues addressed in the present volume, which represents a valuable contribution toward both the oretical and empirical refinements in the area. Here one can read how the behavioristic emphases on assessment and experi mentation can be fruitfully integrated with therapeutic procedures designed to alter patterns of human distress. Many of those procedures involve specific focus on a client's thoughts and fantasies. This book represents a strong and timely overview of an excit ing new area, and its contributors include some of the most ener getic researchers in the field. A theme of cautious optimism is blended with a commitment to empirical scrutiny, and there is an admirable recognition of the important difference between inferred therapeutic process and operationally specified therapeutic proce dure.

Handbook of Cognitive Neuropsychology

Author: Brenda Rapp

Publisher: Psychology Press

Published: 2015-12-22

Total Pages: 669

ISBN-13: 131771024X

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This volume reviews the full range of cognitive domains that have benefited from the study of deficits. Chapters covered include language, memory, object recognition, action, attention, consciousness and temporal cognition.