Behavioral Measures of Neurotoxicity

Behavioral Measures of Neurotoxicity PDF

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1990-02-01

Total Pages: 449

ISBN-13: 0309040477

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

Exposure to toxic chemicalsâ€"in the workplace and at homeâ€"is increasing every day. Human behavior can be affected by such exposure and can give important clues that a person or population is in danger. If we can understand the mechanisms of these changes, we can develop better ways of testing for toxic chemical exposure and, most important, better prevention programs. This volume explores the emerging field of neurobehavioral toxicology and the potential of behavior studies as a noninvasive and economical means for risk assessment and monitoring. Pioneers in this field explore its promise for detecting environmental toxins, protecting us from exposure, and treating those who are exposed.

Behavioral Measures of Neurotoxicity

Behavioral Measures of Neurotoxicity PDF

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1990-02-01

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780309040471

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

Exposure to toxic chemicalsâ€"in the workplace and at homeâ€"is increasing every day. Human behavior can be affected by such exposure and can give important clues that a person or population is in danger. If we can understand the mechanisms of these changes, we can develop better ways of testing for toxic chemical exposure and, most important, better prevention programs. This volume explores the emerging field of neurobehavioral toxicology and the potential of behavior studies as a noninvasive and economical means for risk assessment and monitoring. Pioneers in this field explore its promise for detecting environmental toxins, protecting us from exposure, and treating those who are exposed.

Neurobehavioral Toxicity

Neurobehavioral Toxicity PDF

Author: Bernard Weiss

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1994-06-30

Total Pages: 418

ISBN-13: 9781439805480

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

In establishing how certain chemicals can cause behavioural disorders, the process of neurotoxicity risk assessment poses significant challenges to every discipline within neuroscience. In this volume, leaders from industrial, academic, and government settings share insights on behavioural measurement in neurotoxicity risk assessment, and address the critical scientific issues arising from the expanding role of neurobehavioral toxicology in public policy development.; The authors set out to provide a comprehensive and authoritative review of current methods in the analysis and interpretation of neurobehavioural toxicology. Coverage begins with a discussion of criteria for determining neurotoxic potential. The next section examines neurobehavioural evaluations in developmental neurotoxicity. Subsequent sections focus on activity and observational data and applications of schedule-controlled operant behaviour in toxicity testing. The contributors address controversies surrounding the suitability and interpretation of procedures designed for neurotoxicological assessments. Some case studies are also included.

Environmental Neurotoxicology

Environmental Neurotoxicology PDF

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1992-02-01

Total Pages: 167

ISBN-13: 0309045312

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

Scientists agree that exposure to toxic agents in the environment can cause neurological and psychiatric illnesses ranging from headaches and depression to syndromes resembling parkinsonism. It can even result in death at high exposure levels. The emergence of subclinical neurotoxicity-the concept that long-term impairments can escape clinical detection-makes the need for risk assessment even more critical. This volume paves the way toward definitive solutions, presenting the current consensus on risk assessment and environmental toxicants and offering specific recommendations. The book covers: The biologic basis of neurotoxicity. Progress in the application of biologic markers. Reviews of a wide range of in vitro and in vivo testing techniques. The use of surveillance and epidemiology to identify neurotoxic hazards that escape premarket screening. Research needs. This volume will be an important resource for policymakers, health specialists, researchers, and students.

Development of Physiological and Behavioral Measures of Acute Chemical Neurotoxicity

Development of Physiological and Behavioral Measures of Acute Chemical Neurotoxicity PDF

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 161

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

U.S. military personnel may be exposed to a wide variety of potentially toxic chemicals. The chemicals personnel may encounter, particularly in combat situations, often are neurotoxicants. Predeployment screening methods such as behavioral and physiological measurements can be used to rapidly assess these potential health hazards. The objectives of this research were: (1) to develop and use computer aided methods in evaluation of neurotoxicity; (2) to evaluate physiological and behavioral endpoints of neurotoxicity in fish following exposure to the organophosphates malathion and diazinon; a carbamate, carbaryl; a metal, cadmium; a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, pyrene; a biocide, fenvalerate; and a simulated semi-permeable membrane device mixture, malathion and fenvalerate; and, to assess the correlation between physiology and behavior; (3) to adapt neurotoxic methods for use with passive sentinel monitoring devices; and (4) to provide instrumental protocols, standardized operating procedures, and quality control for neurotoxicity monitoring. These objectives were achieved. Results indicated strong correlations between behavioral indices and brain cholinesterase activity when animals were exposed to traditional cholinesterase inhibitors. Correlations with other chemicals were less clear and indicate the need for mechanistic studies associated with other chemical classes that may be important to military personnel.

Behavioral Toxicology

Behavioral Toxicology PDF

Author: Bernard Weiss

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-09

Total Pages: 475

ISBN-13: 1468428594

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

Behavioral toxicology is a young discipline in the United States; so young, in fact, that this is one of its first books. Behavioral questions are bound to play a major role in future scientific work and governmental decisions involving the health effects of environmental contaminants and other chemicals. This role springs from two key problems that face scientists and public agencies required to set acceptable exposure standards or to determine criteria for the toxicity of therapeutic chemicals: How do you evaluate effects that may show up only as subtle functional disturbances? And how do you de tect toxic effects early enough so that they may still be reversible, before they produce major damage? The contributions in this book come from a collection of scientists whose interests span a wide variety of problem areas. The focus is largely on me thodological issues because they represent the most immediate concern of the discipline. We expect that this collection of papers will represent a useful source book for behavioral toxicology for some time. For the past few years, the University of Rochester's Department of Radiation Biology and Biophysics has sponsored a series of international conferences on chemical toxicity, partly as a response to concern over the con sequences to health of the rich chemical soup in which we live. This book is based upon presentations made to the fifth of the series. Held in June, 1972, it was the first formal meeting devoted to behavioral toxicology in this country.

Lanterna Rally - Theme by Grace Themes