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Autism Spectrum Disorders

Author: Andreas M. Grabrucker

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 117

ISBN-13:

Autism spectrum disorders are developmental disorders. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders develop differently. These differences are usually present in social interaction, communication, and sensory processing, and become visible through a wide variety of behavioral responses that differ from individuals without autism spectrum disorders. Despite significant research efforts, the exact causes of autism spectrum disorders remain poorly understood; however, researchers have gained extensive insights into possible pathomechanisms, even at the molecular level of cells. Many diagnostic criteria have been developed, adapted, and improved. The eight chapters in this book highlight the current state-of-the-art in many areas of autism spectrum disorders. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders and the current knowledge of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Chapter 2 summarizes the diagnostic criteria and procedures and highlights present and upcoming therapeutic strategies. Chapter 3 reviews the adverse events and trauma in people with autism spectrum disorders. Chapters 4 and 5 focus on atypical sensory processing, and Chapter 6 discusses the genetic overlap of autism spectrum disorders with other neuropsychiatric disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, and schizophrenia. Chapter 7 focuses on the contribution of abnormalities in mitochondria, and chapter 8 discusses gut-brain interactions and a potential role for microbiota in autism spectrum disorders. This book is aimed primarily at clinicians and scientists, but many areas will also be of interest to the layperson.

Sleep Difficulties and Disorders in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author: Amanda Richdale

Publisher: IAP

Published: 2020-08-01

Total Pages: 239

ISBN-13: 1648020968

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Increasingly, the importance of sleep is recognized as being on a par with diet and exercise as a key to good health and wellbeing; adequate, restful sleep is key to a healthy lifestyle. Sleep deprivation is associated with poor physical and mental health, including obesity, metabolic disturbances such as diabetes, inflammation, clinical depression, and cognitive impairments. In our youth, inadequate sleep impairs academic performance, is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-type symptoms and behaviors, and may exacerbate aggressive, disruptive behavior. Youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience sleep disturbances at rates much higher than their peers in the general population, particularly insomnia. The resultant sleep deprivation in youth with ASD is associated with daytime behavior problems and parental stress. Fortunately, researchers and clinicians now recognize that sleep problems and ASD are closely linked. Since 2000, the number of research studies regarding this link has increased about 20-fold, and we have become aware that poor sleep can be a lifespan issue for individuals with ASD. Given this explosion in research, it is time for a textbook that synthesizes current knowledge, and is accessible to clinicians, researchers, educators, and administrators alike. This book fills that gap.

Understanding and Treating Anxiety in Autism

Author: Stephen M. Edelson

Publisher: Jessica Kingsley Publishers

Published: 2020-09-21

Total Pages: 274

ISBN-13: 1787751538

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Anxiety is a prevalent and often debilitating condition for individuals on the autism spectrum. This book promotes a multidisciplinary approach to intervention and treatment of the condition, providing professional understanding of the underlying causes and available treatments. With chapters co-authored by well-known advocates and pioneering researchers, contributors examine factors including sensory processing issues, sleep impairments and the crossover between the autonomic nervous system and immune system. The book expands upon current areas of research, including immune activation and the role of environmental toxicants, dietary and nutritional support, the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and individualised methods of managing stress and anxiety. Providing an invaluable resource for professionals and academics seeking further insight into anxiety and autism, this book explores contemporary research and sets the groundwork for the most effective methods of treatment for individuals of all ages.

Autistic Spectrum Disorders in Children

Author: Vidya Bhushan Gupta

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2004-03-19

Total Pages: 310

ISBN-13: 0824754824

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Impeccably researched and written by a nationally known team of specialists from neurodevelopmental pediatrics, psychology, epidemiology, education, occupational therapy, and speech therapy backgrounds, Autistic Spectrum Disorders in Children presents a multidisciplinary profile of autism and pervasive developmental disorders in children. Tracing the history of autism and tracking the latest research on its causation and neurological basis, this volume offers both traditional medical and complementary and alternative medicine approaches-as well as reliable methods for assessing treatment efficacy.

A Time for Metabolism and Hormones

Author: Paolo Sassone-Corsi

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-04-04

Total Pages: 132

ISBN-13: 3319270699

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Recent years have seen spectacular advances in the field of circadian biology. These have attracted the interest of researchers in many fields, including endocrinology, neurosciences, cancer, and behavior. By integrating a circadian view within the fields of endocrinology and metabolism, researchers will be able to reveal many, yet-unsuspected aspects of how organisms cope with changes in the environment and subsequent control of homeostasis. This field is opening new avenues in our understanding of metabolism and endocrinology. A panel of the most distinguished investigators in the field gathered together to discuss the present state and the future of the field. The editors trust that this volume will be of use to those colleagues who will be picking up the challenge to unravel how the circadian clock can be targeted for the future development of specific pharmacological strategies toward a number of pathologies.

Supporting Autistic People with Eating Disorders

Author: Kate Tchanturia

Publisher: Jessica Kingsley Publishers

Published: 2021-03-18

Total Pages: 274

ISBN-13: 1787754464

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This book explores the link between autism and eating disorders through testimonies from practitioners, service users and carers. Combining research findings, case studies and first-hand accounts, it provides insights into how individuals on the autism spectrum can be supported towards full recovery from an eating disorder. Edited by the lead Clinical Psychologist at the Maudsley Eating Disorder National Service, informed by their team's research, chapters focus on the unique issues arising when autism and eating disorders coexist. The contributors suggest treatment adaptations from a multi-disciplinary perspective, and touch more broadly on the topic of poor mental health outcomes for autistic individuals, and how these might be improved.

The Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders

Author: Carol Turkington

Publisher: Infobase Publishing

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 337

ISBN-13: 0816075050

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Autism is a baffling brain disorder that profoundly affects children's communication and social skills. This work provides a reference guide to this disease. It includes approximately 500 entries that address the different types of autism, causes and treatments, institutions, associations, leading scientists and research, social impact, and more.

Autistic Spectrum Disorders

Author: Daria Riva

Publisher: John Libbey Eurotext

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13: 9782742005901

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Autism is a complex disorder of neurodevelopment resulting in pervasive abnormalities in social interaction and communication, repetitive behaviours and restricted interests. It presents difficult challenges to physicians and other professionals and especially to the parents and families of affected individuals. The aim of this volume is to provide an update on this multi-faceted condition, and to review most of its major features, in particular its biology, genetics and current understanding of its brain basis. The book emphasises the importance of early detection, and spells out appropriate steps for clinical diagnosis and investigations such as neuropsychology, electrophysiology and imaging. Of particular interest are chapters that focus on differential diagnosis, advances in neurogenetics and molecular biology, possible consequences of immunisations and the relation between autism and epilepsy.