Atomic and Plasma-material Interaction Processes in Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion

Atomic and Plasma-material Interaction Processes in Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion PDF

Author: Ratko K. Janev

Publisher: Elsevier Publishing Company

Published: 1993

Total Pages: 502

ISBN-13:

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Atomic and plasma-material interaction processes play an important role in thermonuclear fusion plasmas and the knowledge of these processes has a significant impact on fusion energy research and development. The present volume provides a comprehensive survey of atomic and plasma-material interaction aspects of controlled thermonuclear fusion. The review articles included in this volume describe the role of atomic and plasma-material interaction processes in the currently most active fusion research areas and emphasize the need for accurate quantitative information on these processes for resolving many outstanding issues in fusion research and reactor design development such as plasma energy balance, particle transport and confinement, impurity control, thermal power and helium exhaust, plasma heating and fuelling, edge plasma physics, development of fusion reactor plasma facing components and plasma diagnostics and modelling.

Plasma-Material Interaction in Controlled Fusion

Plasma-Material Interaction in Controlled Fusion PDF

Author: Dirk Naujoks

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2006-08-25

Total Pages: 279

ISBN-13: 3540321497

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This book deals with the specific contact between the fourth state of matter, i.e. plasma, and the first state of matter, i.e. a solid wall, in controlled fusion experiments. A comprehensive analysis of the main processes of plasma-surface interaction is given together with an assessment of the most critical questions within the context of general criteria and operation limits. It also contains a survey on other important aspects in nuclear fusion.

Atomic and Molecular Processes in Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion

Atomic and Molecular Processes in Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion PDF

Author: M. R. McDowell

Publisher: Springer

Published: 1980-05

Total Pages: 520

ISBN-13:

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The NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Atomic and Molecular Processes in Controlled TheI'IllOnuclear Fusion" was held at Chateau de Bonas, Castera-Verduzan, Gel's, France, from 13th to 24th August 1979, and this volume contains the text of the invited lectures. The Institute was supported by the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO, and additional support was received from EURATOM and the United States National Science Foundation. The Institute was attended by 88 scientists, all of whom were active research workers in control of thermonuclear plasmas, 01' atomic and molecular physics, 01' both. In addition to the formal lectures, printed in this volume, which were intended to be pedagogic, more than twenty research seminars were given by participants. The first half of the Institute was directed to introducing atomic and molecular theoretical and experimental physicists to the physics of controlled thermonuclear fusion. Most attention was paid to magnetic confinement, and within that field, to tokamaks. MI'.

Atomic and Molecular Physics of Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion

Atomic and Molecular Physics of Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion PDF

Author: Charles Jean Joachain

Publisher: Springer

Published: 1983-10

Total Pages: 600

ISBN-13:

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The need for long-term energy sources, in particular for our highly technological society, has become increasingly apparent during the last decade. One of these sources, of tremendous poten tial importance, is controlled thermonuclear fusion. The goal of controlled thermonuclear fusion research is to produce a high-temperature, completely ionized plasma in which the nuclei of two hydrogen isotopes, deuterium and tritium, undergo enough fusion reactions so that the nuclear energy released by these fusion reactions can be transformed into heat and electricity with an overall gain in energy. This requires average kinetic energies for the nuclei of the order of 10 keV, corresponding to temperatures of about 100 million degrees. Moreover, the plasma must remain confined for a certain time interval, during which sufficient energy must be produced to heat the plasma, overcome the energy losses and supply heat to the power station. At present, two main approaches are being investigated to achieve these objectives: magnetic confinement and inertial con finement. In magnetic confinement research, a low-density plasma is heated by electric currents, assisted by additional heating methods such as radio-frequency heating or neutral beam injection, and the confinement is achieved by using various magnetic field configurations. Examples of these are the plasmas produced in stellarator and tokamak devices.

Atomic and Plasma-Material Interaction Data for Fusion Vol. 15

Atomic and Plasma-Material Interaction Data for Fusion Vol. 15 PDF

Author: Author)

Publisher:

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 103

ISBN-13:

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Current designs for nuclear fusion reactors call for the use of the hydrogen isotopes deuterium and tritium as the fuel for energy producing fusion reactions. The use of tritium must be carefully controlled due to its cost and radioactivity, and there will be strict limits on the tritium inventory in fusion experiments or in a reactor. These concerns led the IAEA Nuclear Data Section to organize a coordinated research project on the tritium inventory in fusion reactors, which brought together specialists in fusion materials and plasma-material interaction for exchange of information and coordination of research activities on the interaction of tritium with plasma-facing materials. This volume of Atomic and Plasma-Material Interaction Data for Fusion is a result of that project. The key topics are tritium retention in fusion wall materials, measurements of tritium inventory and means to remove trapped tritium.

Physics of Plasma-Wall Interactions in Controlled Fusion

Physics of Plasma-Wall Interactions in Controlled Fusion PDF

Author: D. E. Post

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-21

Total Pages: 1178

ISBN-13: 1475700679

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Controlled thermonuclear fusion is one of the possible candidates for long term energy sources which will be indispensable for our highly technological society. However, the physics and technology of controlled fusion are extremely complex and still require a great deal of research and development before fusion can be a practical energy source. For producing energy via controlled fusion a deuterium-tritium gas has to be heated to temperatures of a few 100 Million °c corres ponding to about 10 keV. For net energy gain, this hot plasma has to be confined at a certain density for a certain time One pro mising scheme to confine such a plasma is the use of i~tense mag netic fields. However, the plasma diffuses out of the confining magnetic surfaces and impinges on the surrounding vessel walls which isolate the plasma from the surrounding air. Because of this plasma wall interaction, particles from the plasma are lost to the walls by implantation and are partially reemitted into the plasma. In addition, wall atoms are released and can enter the plasma. These wall atoms or impurities can deteriorate the plasma performance due to enhanced energy losses through radiation and an increase of the required magnetic pressure or a dilution of the fuel in the plasma. Finally, the impact of the plasma and energy on the wall can modify and deteriorate the thermal and mechanical pro perties of the vessel walls.

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