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Modernism and Modernisation

Author: Helen Castle

Publisher:

Published: 1999-04-06

Total Pages: 140

ISBN-13:

'Modernization' has become the soundbite of the 1990s. What is the role of architecture within this quest for the modern? The modernism of the 1990s is very different from its precursors earlier this century. Where the pre-war Modern Movement saw itself as an instrument of social change, today's modernism is most visible in shops and restaurants; where the International Style tended towards standardization and uniformity, architects today aim for flexibility and individuality. In examining these and other contemporary issues, Modernism and Modernization in Architecture looks towards a new definition of modernism for our times.

Architecture and Modernity

Author: Hilde Heynen

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2000-02-28

Total Pages: 284

ISBN-13: 9780262581899

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Bridges the gap between the history and theory of twentieth-century architecture and cultural theories of modernity. In this exploration of the relationship between modernity, dwelling, and architecture, Hilde Heynen attempts to bridge the gap between the discourse of the modern movement and cultural theories of modernity. On one hand, she discusses architecture from the perspective of critical theory, and on the other, she modifies positions within critical theory by linking them with architecture. She assesses architecture as a cultural field that structures daily life and that embodies major contradictions inherent in modernity, arguing that architecture nonetheless has a certain capacity to adopt a critical stance vis-à-vis modernity. Besides presenting a theoretical discussion of the relation between architecture, modernity, and dwelling, the book provides architectural students with an introduction to the discourse of critical theory. The subchapters on Walter Benjamin, Ernst Bloch, Theodor Adorno, and the Venice School (Tafuri, Dal Co, Cacciari) can be studied independently for this purpose.

Modernism and the Middle East

Author: Sandy Isenstadt

Publisher: University of Washington Press

Published: 2011-03-01

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 0295800305

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This provocative collection of essays is the first book-length treatment of the development of modern architecture in the Middle East. Ranging from Jerusalem at the turn of the twentieth century to Libya under Italian colonial rule, postwar Turkey, and on to present-day Iraq, the essays cohere around the historical encounter between the politics of nation-building and architectural modernism's new materials, methods, and motives. Architecture, as physical infrastructure and as symbolic expression, provides an exceptional window onto the powerful forces that shaped the modern Middle East and that continue to dominate it today. Experts in this volume demonstrate the political dimensions of both creating the built environment and, subsequently, inhabiting it. In revealing the tensions between achieving both international relevance and regional meaning, Modernism in the Middle East affords a dynamic view of the ongoing confrontations of deep traditions with rapid modernization. Political and cultural historians, as well as architects and urban planners, will find fresh material here on a range of diverse practices.

Architecture, Modernity, Modernization

Author: Jean-Louis Cohen

Publisher: Collège de France

Published: 2020-04-15

Total Pages: 36

ISBN-13: 2722605414

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The history of architecture constantly combines two perspectives: one is panoramic and turned towards urban ensembles so as to reveal social or technical policies, while the other looks in close shot at buildings, their interior, and their reflection of the ideals and engagement of their creators and occupants. By articulating the thoughts of twentieth-century theoreticians, philosophers, writers and architects (such as Mies van der Rohe, Wright, or Le Corbusier), Jean-Louis Cohen offers a new approach to architecture as a subject of inquiry and as a practice – one that is rooted in cultural history and in its human dimension.

The Visibility of Modernization in Architecture

Author: Gevork Hartoonian

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2023-07-28

Total Pages: 280

ISBN-13: 1000907457

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This edited collection explores the visibility of modernization in architecture produced in different capitalist regions across the world and provides readers with a historico-theoretical and historico-geographical discussion. Focusing on a particular building type, an influential architect’s work, as well as relevant texts and documents, each chapter addresses the many facets of "delay" which are central to the problematization of capitalism’s progressive dissemination of technological and aesthetic regimes of modernism. This collection underlines the centrality of temporality for a critical understanding of colonialism, modernism, and capitalism. The book is primarily concerned with the historical timeline, the tangential point when a nation enters modernization processes. In exploring modernism in diverse regions such as East Asia, Pacific, Eastern Europe, and Iran, each chapter addresses the historiographic and architectonic unfolding of modernization beyond the western hemisphere. The exploration of these diverse case-studies will be of interest to students of architecture and researchers working on the collision of temporalities and the subject's critical importance for different country’s built-environments.

Architecture and Urbanism in Modern Korea

Author: In-ha Chŏng

Publisher:

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 191

ISBN-13: 9789888208029

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Between 1961 and 1988, the explosive growth of urban populations resulted in large-scale construction booms, and architects delved into modern identity through the locality of traditional architecture. The last period began in the mid-1990s and may be defined as one of modernization settlement and a transition to globalization. With city populations leveling out, urbanization and architecture came to be viewed from new perspectives. Inha Jung, however, contends that what is more significant is the identification of elements that have remained unchanged. Jung identifies continuities that have been formed by long-standing relationships between humans and their built environment and, despite rapid modernization, are still deeply rooted in the Korean way of life. For this reason, in the twentieth century, regionalism exerted a great influence on Korean architects.

Modern Architecture

Author: Otto Wagner

Publisher: Getty Publications

Published: 1988

Total Pages: 202

ISBN-13: 0226869393

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In 1896, Otto Wagner's "Modern Architecture" shocked the European architectural community with its impassioned plea for an end to eclecticism and for a "modern" style suited to contemporary needs and ideals, utilizing the nascent constructional technologies and materials. Through the combined forces of his polemical, pedagogical, and professional efforts, this determined, newly appointed professor at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts emerged in the late 1890s - along with such contemporaries as Charles Rennie Mackintosh in Glasgow and Louis Sullivan in Chicago - as one of the leaders of the revolution soon to be identified as the "Modern Movement." Wagner's historic manifesto is now presented in a new English translation - the first in almost ninety years - based on the expanded 1902 text and noting emendations made to the 1896, 1898, and 1914 editions. In his introduction, Dr. Harry Mallgrave examines Wagner's tract against the backdrop of nineteenth-century theory, critically exploring the affinities of Wagner's revolutionary élan with the German eclectic debate of the 1840s, the materialistic tendencies of the 1870s and 1880s, and the emerging cultural ideology of modernity. Modern Architecture is one of those rare works in the literature of architecture that not only proclaimed the dawning of a new era, but also perspicaciously and cogently shaped the issues and the course of its development; it defined less the personal aspirations of one individual and more the collective hopes and dreams of a generation facing the sanguine promise of a new century

Modern Kyoto

Author: Alice Y. Tseng

Publisher: University of Hawaii Press

Published: 2018-10-31

Total Pages: 290

ISBN-13: 082487644X

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Can an imperial city survive, let alone thrive, without an emperor? Alice Y. Tseng answers this intriguing question in Modern Kyoto, a comprehensive study of the architectural and urban projects carried out in the old capital following Emperor Meiji’s move to Tokyo in 1868. Tseng contends that Kyoto—from the time of the relocation to the height of the Asia-Pacific War—remained critical to Japan’s emperor-centered national agenda as politicians, planners, historians, and architects mobilized the city’s historical connection to the imperial house to develop new public architecture, infrastructure, and urban spaces. Royal births, weddings, enthronements, and funerals throughout the period served as catalysts for fashioning a monumental modern city fit for hosting commemorative events for an eager domestic and international audience. Using a wide range of visual material (including architectural plans, postcards, commercial maps, and guidebooks), Tseng traces the development of four core areas of Kyoto: the palaces in the center, the Okazaki Park area in the east, the Kyoto Station area in the south, and the Kitayama district in the north. She offers an unprecedented framework that correlates nation building, civic boosterism, and emperor reverence to explore a diverse body of built works. Interlinking microhistories of the Imperial Garden, Heian Shrine, Lake Biwa Canal, the prefectural library, zoological and botanical gardens, main railway station, and municipal art museum, among others, her work asserts Kyoto’s vital position as a multifaceted center of culture and patriotism in the expanding Japanese empire. Richly illustrated with many never-before-published photographs and archival sources, Modern Kyoto challenges readers to look beyond Tokyo for signposts of Japan’s urban modernity and opens up the study of modern emperors to incorporate fully built environments and spatial practices dedicated in their name.

Critiquing the Modern in Architecture

Author: Jaimini Mehta

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-09-05

Total Pages: 160

ISBN-13: 1134998716

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Written over four decades, Critiquing the Modern in Architecture is a collection of essays exploring the ideological and metaphysical core of modern architecture. Author Jaimini Mehta moves architectural modernism from its primarily Eurocentric definition, interrogating the subject from the perspective on a non-western thought-world. Mehta groups his essays under three key themes: "Rethinking Modernity" explores the ideological underpinnings of the modernity/modernism binary; "The Idea of Architecture" looks at a number of issues that constitute the timeless and the invariable aspects of architecture against which the prevalent modernist discourse can be critically evaluated; and "On Praxis" looks at three contemporary architects' work and the Vienna Secessionist movement between 1890 and 1918 to articulate a critique of the underpinnings of the modern movement. Providing a new view of the modern in architecture, this book is critical reading for architectural theorists and scholars of modernism.

Tracing Modernity

Author: Mari Hvattum

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2004-08-02

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13: 113440638X

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First published in 2004. Walter Benjamin famously defined modernity as “the world dominated by its phantasmagorias”. The chapters in this book focus on one such phantasmagoria, namely that of ‘modernity’ itself. From the late seventeenth century until today, the ‘modern’ has served as a key category by which to understand an ever-changing present. Art and architecture have played a key role in this pursuit as the means by which the modern was to manifest itself. The aim of this anthology is to trace the modern project through its multifarious manifestations, in order to understand contemporary culture in a deeper sense than facile discussions of modernism and post-modernism often grant. Drawing on architectural and urban history as well as philosophy and sociology, the chapters outline the complex and conflicting roots of modernity by tracing its manifestations in architecture and the city. The book is divided into three parts, each exploring a distinct aspect of modernity. While part one scrutinizes the much-abused concepts of ‘modernity’ , ‘modernism’ and ‘the modern’ , parts two and three look at the manifestations of the modern in architecture and the city respectively. Focusing particularly on the transition between historicism and modernism, the chapters offer a re-interpretation of early modern architectural and urban culture as it came to expression in people such as Cerda, Semper, Bötticher, Scott, Baudelaire, the Goncourt brothers, Benjamin, Warburg, Kracauer, Mackintosh, Behrens, Taut, and Le Corbusier. For all their differences, these were thinkers and practitioners whose undisputed modernity arose from a deep preoccupation with history. A re-reading of their legacy may throw light on the neglected reciprocity between modernity and its historical conditions of becoming.