Analysis, Removal, Effects and Risk of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle

Analysis, Removal, Effects and Risk of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle PDF

Author:

Publisher: Newnes

Published: 2013-11-26

Total Pages: 759

ISBN-13: 0444626948

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Analysis, Removal, Effects and Risk of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle provides an overview of the current analytical methods for trace determination of pharmaceuticals in environmental samples. The book also reviews the fate and occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the water cycle for their elimination in wastewater and drinking water treatment, focusing on the newest developments in treatment technologies, such as membrane bioreactors and advanced oxidation processes. Pharmaceutically active substances are a class of new, so-called emerging contaminants that have raised great concern in recent years. Human and veterinary drugs are continuously being released into the environment mainly as a result of the manufacturing processes, the disposal of unused or expired products, and via excreta. The analytical methodology for the determination of trace pharmaceuticals in complex environmental matrices is still evolving, and the number of methods described in the literature has grown considerably. This volume leads the way, keeping chemistry students, toxicologists, engineers, wastewater managers and related professionals current with developments in this quickly evolving area. Covers the latest developments in trace determinations Concise and critical compilation of the recent literature Focuses on new treatment technologies

Analysis, Removal, Effects and Risk of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle

Analysis, Removal, Effects and Risk of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle PDF

Author:

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2007-10-10

Total Pages: 601

ISBN-13: 0080549705

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Pharmaceutically active substances are a class of new, so-called "emerging" contaminants that have raised great concern in recent years. Human and veterinary drugs are constantly being introduced into the environment, mainly as a result of the manufacturing process. Over time, this level of chemical input may lead to long-term concentrations and promote continual, but unnoticed adverse effects on aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Analysis, Fate and Removal of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle discusses state-of-the-art analytical methods for trace determination of pharmaceuticals in environmental samples while reviewing the fate and occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the water cycle (elimination in wastewater and drinking water treatment). Focus is given to the newest developments in the treatment technologies, such as membrane bioreactors and advance oxidation processes. * Well-structured overview of latest developments in trace determination * Concise and critical compilation of literature published over the past few years * Focuses on new treatment technologies, such as membrane bioreactors and advance oxidation processes.

Analysis, Removal, Effects and Risk of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle

Analysis, Removal, Effects and Risk of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle PDF

Author:

Publisher: Elsevier Science

Published: 2013-12-10

Total Pages: 600

ISBN-13: 9780444626578

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Analysis, Removal, Effects and Risk of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle provides an overview of the current analytical methods for trace determination of pharmaceuticals in environmental samples. The book also reviews the fate and occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the water cycle for their elimination in wastewater and drinking water treatment, focusing on the newest developments in treatment technologies, such as membrane bioreactors and advanced oxidation processes. Pharmaceutically active substances are a class of new, so-called emerging contaminants that have raised great concern in recent years. Human and veterinary drugs are continuously being released into the environment mainly as a result of the manufacturing processes, the disposal of unused or expired products, and via excreta. The analytical methodology for the determination of trace pharmaceuticals in complex environmental matrices is still evolving, and the number of methods described in the literature has grown considerably. This volume leads the way, keeping chemistry students, toxicologists, engineers, wastewater managers and related professionals current with developments in this quickly evolving area. Covers the latest developments in trace determinations Concise and critical compilation of the recent literature Focuses on new treatment technologies

The Life-Cycle of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment

The Life-Cycle of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment PDF

Author: B.M. Peake

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2015-11-13

Total Pages: 272

ISBN-13: 190881845X

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The Life-Cycle of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment identifies pathways of entry of pharmaceuticals into the environment, beginning with the role of global prescribing and disposal practices. The book then discusses typical levels of common pharmaceuticals and how they can be determined in natural waters such as raw and treated sewage, and in potable water. In addition, sections examine methods currently available to degrade pharmaceuticals in natural waters and some of their ecotoxicological impacts, along with future considerations and the growing concept of product stewardship. Encompasses the full lifecycle of common pharmaceuticals, from prescription and dispensing practices to their occurrence in a range of different types of natural waters and their environmental impact Explores the role of the healthcare system and its affect on users Beneficial for environmental engineers involved in the design and operation of appropriate degradation technologies of the pharmaceutical prescription and disposal practices

Pharmaceutical Residues in Freshwater: Hazards and Policy Responses

Pharmaceutical Residues in Freshwater: Hazards and Policy Responses PDF

Author: Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)

Publisher: IWA Publishing

Published: 2020-07-15

Total Pages: 138

ISBN-13: 1789061814

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This report calls for a better understanding of the effects of pharmaceutical residues in the environment, greater international collaboration and accountability distribution, and policy actions to prevent and remedy emerging concerns. Laboratory and field tests show traces of oral contraceptives causing the feminisation of fish and amphibians, and residues of psychiatric drugs altering fish behaviour. Antimicrobial resistance, linked to the overuse of antibiotics, has rapidly escalated into a global health crisis. Unless adequate measures are taken to manage the risks, pharmaceutical residues will increasingly be released into the environment as ageing populations, advances in healthcare, and intensification of meat and fish production spur the demand for pharmaceuticals worldwide. The report outlines a collective, life‑cycle approach to managing pharmaceuticals in the environment. A policy mix of source‑directed, use‑orientated and end‑of‑pipe measures, involving several policy sectors, can help to improve health and protect the environment.

Organic Pollutants in the Water Cycle

Organic Pollutants in the Water Cycle PDF

Author: Martin Jekel

Publisher: Wiley-VCH

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 384

ISBN-13:

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This first in-depth and comprehensive reference on the most pertinent polar contaminant classes and their behavior in the whole water cycle includes, among others, industrial chemicals, consumer products, polar herbicides and pharmaceuticals. All chapters are uniformly structured, covering properties, pollution sources, occurrence in wastewater, surface water, and groundwater as well as water treatment aspects, while ecotoxicological and assessment aspects are also covered. Among the authors are leading experts in their relevant fields, many of whom provide here groundbreaking research results. The result is an up-to-date information source for researchers and professionals working in water quality monitoring, water supply, or wastewater treatment, as well as environmental and water chemists, geochemists, ecologists, chemists and engineers. Thorsten Reemtsma is a lecturer in environmental chemistry and analytical chemistry at the Technical University of Berlin and senior researcher in the Department of Water Quality Control. His research is focused on the fate of polar organic pollutants in industrial and municipal wastewater treatment and in the environment. To this end, he has developed analytical methods using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of many classes of polar pollutants at trace level as well as for metabolite identification. Martin Jekel is Full Professor for Water Quality Control at the Technical University of Berlin. After gaining his PhD in chemical engineering from the University of Karlsruhe he began investigating water quality problems in wastewater reuse during his post-doc research at Stanford University, among others. After moving to Berlin in 1988, he investigated physico-chemical water and such wastewater treatment processes as coagulation, oxidation, adsorption and membrane processes, including natural systems, such as bank filtration and groundwater recharge. He is a member of many national and international organizations such as IWA, AWWA and DVGW, and since 2003 Chairman of the German Water Chemical Society. The Water Chemical Society was founded in 1926 and is a division of the German Chemical Society. Its international membership combines scientists of all disciplines involved in water research as well as engineers working on its treatment, from academia and authorities, from public and private companies. The members concentrate on maintaining and improving the quality of all kinds of water, from springs to seawater, improving its treatment by appropriate techniques and processes, and developing the analysis and evaluation of water quality. With these activities, the Society aims to protect water and aqueous systems as part of our environment as well as a resource for human use and development.

Pharmaceuticals in the Environment

Pharmaceuticals in the Environment PDF

Author: Klaus Kümmerer

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-10-10

Total Pages: 531

ISBN-13: 3540746641

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Following the success of the first edition, this pioneering study of pharmaceuticals in the environment has been updated and greatly extended. It includes the status of research on pharmaceuticals in soil, with attention to terrestrial and aquatic environments as well as new substance categories such as tetracylines and chinolones and the latest results concerning contamination of the environment and risk reduction.

Contemporary Chemical Approaches for Green and Sustainable Drugs

Contemporary Chemical Approaches for Green and Sustainable Drugs PDF

Author: Marianna Torok

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2022-08-26

Total Pages: 568

ISBN-13: 0128232714

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Contemporary Chemical Approaches for Green and Sustainable Drugs provides readers with the knowledge they need to integrate sustainable approaches into their work. Sections cover different aspects of green and sustainable drug development from design to disposal, including computer-aided drug design, green resourcing of drugs and drug candidates, an overview of the health concerns of pharmaceutical pollution, and a survey of potential chemical methods for its reduction. Drawing together the knowledge of a global team of experts, this book provides an inclusive overview of the chemical tools and approaches available for minimizing the negative environmental impact of current and newly developed drugs. This will be a useful guide for all academic and industrial researchers across green and sustainable chemistry, medicinal chemistry, environmental chemistry and pharmaceutical science. Provides an integrative overview of the environmental risks of drugs and drug by products to support chemists in pre-emptively addressing these issues Highlights the advantages of computer-aided drug design, green and sustainable sourcing, and novel methods for the production of safer, more effective drugs Presents individual chapters written by renowned experts with diverse backgrounds Reflects research in practice through selected case studies and extensive state-of-the-art reference sections to serve as a starting point in the design of any specialized environmentally-conscious medicinal chemistry project

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products: Waste Management and Treatment Technology

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products: Waste Management and Treatment Technology PDF

Author: Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad

Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann

Published: 2019-04-04

Total Pages: 506

ISBN-13: 0128165901

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Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products Waste Management and Treatment Technology: Emerging Contaminants and Micro Pollutants provides the tools and techniques for identifying these contaminates and applying the most effective technology for their remediation, recovery and treatment. The consumption of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) has grown significantly over the last 35 years, thus increasing their potential risk to the environment. As PPCPs are very difficult to detect and remove using conventional wastewater treatment methods, this book provides solutions to a growing problem. Includes sampling, analytical and characterization methods and technology for detecting PPCPs in the environment Provides advanced treatment and disposal technologies for the removal of PPCPs from wastewater, surface water, landfills and septic systems Examines the pathways of PPCPs into the environment

Life Cycle Assessment of Wastewater Treatment

Life Cycle Assessment of Wastewater Treatment PDF

Author: Mu. Naushad

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2018-03-15

Total Pages: 411

ISBN-13: 1351678264

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Life Cycle Assessment of Wastewater Treatment addresses in detail the required in-depth life cycle assessment of wastewater treatment. This is to meet the special demands placed upon wastewater treatment processes, due to both the limited quantity and often low quality of water supplies. Wastewater management clearly plays a central role in achieving future water security in a world where water stress is expected to increase. Life cycle assessment (LCA) can be used as a tool to evaluate the environmental impacts associated with wastewater treatment and potential improvement options. This unique volume will focus on the analysis of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), using a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. Key Features: Focuses on the analysis of wastewater treatment plants using a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach Discusses unconventional water sources such as recycled wastewater, brackish groundwater and desalinated seawater Explains life cycle assessment in detail, which has become one of the reference methods used to assess the environmental performance of processes over their complete life cycle, from raw material extraction, infrastructure construction and operation to final dismantling Explores a technique (LCA) that is becoming increasingly popular amongst researchers in the water treatment field nowadays because of its holistic approach Based on the real life experiences, the subject of wastewater is presented in simple terms and made accessible to anyone willing to learn and experiment