Electronic Structure of Atoms

Electronic Structure of Atoms PDF

Author: Amin Elsersawi

Publisher: AuthorHouse

Published: 2013-02-12

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 1481714260

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The book presents the quantum theory of the electronic structure of atoms and focuses on the electronic structures and reactivity of atoms and molecules. It shows how to draw molecules such as the oxygen and water to far more complex molecules, using molecular orbital theory, and hybridization of orbitals. It gives quite clear picture of molecular polarity, together with symmetrical and unsymmetrical distribution of an atom or molecule when developing a temporary (instantaneous) dipole. The book provides a clear and comprehensive summary of oxidative and reductive processes. Electronegativity on oxidation and reduction is also introduced. Examples are provided. It enables the reader to master the principles and applications of organic functional groups. Readers will find information quickly and easily about alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and arenes. Bonding with p and s is also introduced. It explains the fundamental principles of nomenclature methods, using IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) and enables the reader to apply it accurately and with confidence. The book is replete with examples for guidance and there are extensive and complicated figures to direct the reader to nomenclature quickly. It gives hands-on chemistry activities with real-life functions. It provides clear and thorough understanding of carbohydrates, polysaccharides, starch and glycogen, cellulose and chitin, nucleotide, nitrogenous hydroxyl and phosphate, lipids, protein, ester, lipoprotein, glycolipid, steroid, mucin, etc. it is a useful reference for health professionals, practicing physicists, chemists, and materials scientists.

Chemistry 2e

Chemistry 2e PDF

Author: Paul Flowers

Publisher:

Published: 2019-02-14

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781947172623

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Chemistry 2e is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of the two-semester general chemistry course. The textbook provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of chemistry and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and the world around them. The book also includes a number of innovative features, including interactive exercises and real-world applications, designed to enhance student learning. The second edition has been revised to incorporate clearer, more current, and more dynamic explanations, while maintaining the same organization as the first edition. Substantial improvements have been made in the figures, illustrations, and example exercises that support the text narrative. Changes made in Chemistry 2e are described in the preface to help instructors transition to the second edition.

Atoms and Molecules

Atoms and Molecules PDF

Author: Mitchel Weissbluth

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-12-02

Total Pages: 730

ISBN-13: 032314294X

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Atoms and Molecules describes the basic properties of atoms and molecules in terms of group theoretical methods in atomic and molecular physics. The book reviews mathematical concepts related to angular momentum properties, finite and continuous rotation groups, tensor operators, the Wigner-Eckart theorem, vector fields, and vector spherical harmonics. The text also explains quantum mechanics, including symmetry considerations, second quantization, density matrices, time-dependent, and time-independent approximation methods. The book explains atomic structure, particularly the Dirac equation in which its nonrelativistic approximation provides the basis for the derivation of the Hamiltonians for all important interactions, such as spin-orbit, external fields, hyperfine. Along with multielectron atoms, the text discusses multiplet theory, the Hartree-Fock formulation, as well as the electromagnetic radiation fields, their interactions with atoms in first and higher orders. The book explores molecules and complexes, including the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, molecular orbitals, the self-consistent field method, electronic states, vibrational and rotational states, molecular spectra, and the ligand field theory. The book can prove useful for graduate or advanced students and academicians in the field of general and applied physics.

Atoms in Molecules

Atoms in Molecules PDF

Author: Richard F. W. Bader

Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand

Published: 1994

Total Pages: 438

ISBN-13: 9780198558651

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The molecular structure hypothesis - that a molecule is a collection of atoms linked by a network of bonds - was forged in the crucible of nineteenth century experimental chemistry and has continued to serve as the principal means of ordering and classifying the observations of chemistry. There is a difficulty with the hypothesis, however, in that it is not related directly to the physics which governs the motions of the nuclei and electrons that make up the atoms and the bonds. It isthe purpose of this important book - now available in paperback for the first time - to show that a theory can be developed to underpin the molecular structure hypothesis - that the atoms in a molecule are real, with properties predicted and defined by the laws of quantum mechanics can be incorporated into the resulting theory - a theory of atoms in molecules. The book is aimed at those scientists responsible for performing the experiments and collecting the observations on the properties ofmatter at the atomic level, in the belief that the transformation of qualitative concepts into a qualitative theory will serve to deepen our understanding of chemistry.

The Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules

The Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules PDF

Author: Chérif F. Matta

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2007-04-09

Total Pages: 567

ISBN-13: 3527307486

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This book distills the knowledge gained from research into atoms in molecules over the last 10 years into a unique, handy reference. Throughout, the authors address a wide audience, such that this volume may equally be used as a textbook without compromising its research-oriented character. Clearly structured, the text begins with advances in theory before moving on to theoretical studies of chemical bonding and reactivity. There follow separate sections on solid state and surfaces as well as experimental electron densities, before finishing with applications in biological sciences and drug-design. The result is a must-have for physicochemists, chemists, physicists, spectroscopists and materials scientists.

Density-Functional Theory of Atoms and Molecules

Density-Functional Theory of Atoms and Molecules PDF

Author: Robert G. Parr

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 1994-05-26

Total Pages: 344

ISBN-13: 0195357736

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This book is a rigorous, unified account of the fundamental principles of the density-functional theory of the electronic structure of matter and its applications to atoms and molecules. Containing a detailed discussion of the chemical potential and its derivatives, it provides an understanding of the concepts of electronegativity, hardness and softness, and chemical reactivity. Both the Hohenberg-Kohn-Sham and the Levy-Lieb derivations of the basic theorems are presented, and extensive references to the literature are included. Two introductory chapters and several appendices provide all the background material necessary beyond a knowledge of elementary quantum theory. The book is intended for physicists, chemists, and advanced students in chemistry.

Chemical Bonds

Chemical Bonds PDF

Author: Harry B. Gray

Publisher: University Science Books

Published: 1994-12-05

Total Pages: 244

ISBN-13: 9780935702354

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This profusely illustrated book, by a world-renowned chemist and award-winning chemistry teacher, provides science students with an introduction to atomic and molecular structure and bonding. (This is a reprint of a book first published by Benjamin/Cummings, 1973.)