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Author: Ray Ison
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2007-08-16
Total Pages: 258
ISBN-13: 9780521039413
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This 1999 book proposes an alternative approach to research and development, based on the needs of the farming community.
Author: L Nirmala
Publisher: New India Publishing Agency- Nipa
Published: 2023-01-20
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13: 9788196046286
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →"Extension education is no more an out -- of -- school education alone. The science and practice of extension has been found useful for environment, health, education, small industries as well. There have been many changes in the way extension should be organized. Privatization of extension is seriously being considered, extension has also been added as the third dimension of general universities as well, participatory methods of extension are being tried and new information technologies are finding application in providing useful information to farmers, scientists and students communities. The book "Advances and Challenges in Agricultural Extension and Rural Development" covers the applications of areas like extension education, extension educational technology, administration and management, human relation in development administration and human resource development, participatory approaches, recent approaches in extension techniques, extension strategies for changing agricultural scenario and rural development, transfer of technology efforts, and recent advances in research methodology which has highly innovative methods of applications and implementation. This book would prove helpful to the extension and rural development workers in planning and manipulating communication strategies. Besides that it will be useful to the students in the field of extension and rural development. This book will be very helpful to the researchers, planners, policy makers in planning and decision-making regarding agricultural extension and rural development."
Author: William McLeod Rivera
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO)
Published: 2003
Total Pages: 104
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This publication reviews key trends and policy developments aimed at reforming agricultural extension systems, in order to address issues of food security, poverty alleviation and rural sustainable development. It highlights the importance of the public sector in promoting rural development through extension and communication. A number of recommendations are made for developing countries, which seek to encourage institutional reforms and dialogue among diverse providers of extension services, all aimed at advancing livelihoods and income generation of poor rural people.
Author: Ban A. W. Vam Den
Publisher: CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt Limited, India
Published: 2002-02
Total Pages: 294
ISBN-13: 9788123905761
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Author: Gershon Feder
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1999
Total Pages: 38
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Abstract: May 1999 - The agriculture sector must nearly double biological yields on existing farmland to meet food needs, which will double in the next quarter century. A sustainable approach to providing agricultural extension services in developing countries-minimal external inputs, a systems orientation, pluralism, and arrangements that take advantage of the best incentives for farmers and extension service providers-will release the local knowledge, resources, common sense, and organizing ability of rural people. Is agricultural extension in developing countries up to the task of providing the information, ideas, and organization needed to meet food needs? What role should governments play in implementing or facilitating extension services? Roughly 80 percent of the world's extension is publicly funded and delivered by civil servants, providing a range of services to the farming population, commercial producers, and disadvantaged target groups. Budgetary constraints and concerns about performance create pressure to show the payoff on investment in extension and to explore alternatives to publicly providing it. Feder, Willett, and Zijp analyze the challenges facing policymakers who must decide what role governments should play in implementing or facilitating extension services. Focusing on developing country experience, they identify generic challenges that make it difficult to organize extension: The magnitude of the task; Dependence on wider policy and other agency functions; Problems in identifying the cause and effect needed to enable accountability and to get political support and funding; Liability for public service functions beyond the transfer of agricultural knowledge and information; Fiscal sustainability; Inadequate interaction with knowledge generators. Feder, Willett, and Zijp show how various extension approaches were developed in attempts to overcome the challenges of extension: Improving extension management; Decentralizing; Focusing on single commodities; Providing fee-for-service public extension services; Establishing institutional pluralism; Empowering people by using participatory approaches; Using appropriate media. Each of the approaches has weaknesses and strengths, and in their analysis the authors identify the ingredients that show promise. Rural people know when something is relevant and effective. The aspects of agricultural extension services that tend to be inherently low cost and build reciprocal, mutually trusting relationships are those most likely to produce commitment, accountability, political support, fiscal sustainability, and the kinds of effective interaction that generate knowledge. This paper-a joint product of Rural Development, Development Research Group, and the Rural Development Department-is part of a larger effort in the Bank to identify institutional and policy reforms needed to promote sustainable and equitable rural development. The authors may be contacted at [email protected], [email protected], or [email protected].
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Regional Office for Asia and the Far East
Publisher:
Published: 1963
Total Pages: 212
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Author: Burton Swanson
Publisher: Daya Books
Published: 2005
Total Pages: 234
ISBN-13: 9788170354086
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This book on Improving Agricultural Extension: a Reference Manual offers a critical review and inventory-analysis of the State of the Art in agricultural extension theory and best practices written by internationally known agricultural extension practitioners, educators and scholars. A total of 38 authors from 15 countries contributed to the 23 chapters of this book and thus they provided broad international perspectives, covering both theory and practice, as well as micro and macro issues related to agricultural extension. It is the third edition of a classic reference manual on agricultural extension published by the Food an Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. Aimed at agricultural extension planners, managers, trainers, educators, and field practitioners, this book could be useful in improving the quality of agricultural extension and in generating new ideas and methods for increasing further the cost-effectiveness of agricultural extension programmes. It provides many sound and practical suggestions for developing and improving the conceptual, technical and operational methods and tools in order to strategically plan, efficently manage and scientifically evaluate a problem-solving, demand-driven and needs-based agricultural extension programmes. Contents Part I: Overview of Extension in Agricultural and Rural Development; Chapter 1: The history, development and future of agricultural extension by Gqyn E Jones and Chris Garforth; Chapter 2: Alternative approaches to organizing extension by Uwe Jens Nagel; Chapter 3: The context of extension in agricultural and rural development by Warren Peterson; Chapter 4: The economic contributions of agricultural extension to agricultural and rural development by Robert Evenson; Part II: Improving Extension Programmes and Process; Chapter 5: Assessing target gorup needs by N L McCaslin and Jovan P Tibezinda; Chapter 6: Using rapid or participatory rural appraisal by Jules N Pretty and Simplice D Volouhe; Chapter 7: Developing and delivering extension programmes by Artur Christovao, Timothy Koehnen and Jose Portela; Chapter 8: Selecting appropriate content and methods in programme delivery by Dunstan A Campbell and St Clair Barker; Chapter 9: Improving Women Farmer Access to Extension Services by Janice Jiggins, R K Samanta and Janice E Olawoye; Chapter 10: Implementing strategic extension campaigns by Ronny Adhikarya; Chapter 11: Evaluating extension programmes by David Deshler; Part III: Improving Extension Management; Chapter 12: Formulating extension policy by Tito E Contado; Chapter 13: Improving the Organization and Management of Extension by M W Waldron, J Vsanthakumar and S Arulraj; Chapter 14: Managing human resources within extension by K Vijayaragavan and Y P Singh; Chapter 15: Training and professional development by Abdul Halim and Md Mozahar Ali; Chapter 16: Acquiring and managing financial resources by Robert P Bentz; Chapter 17: Monitoring extension programmes and resources by D C Misra; Chapter 18: Establishing a Management Information System by A Ramesh Babu, Y P Singh and R K Sachdeva; Chapter 19: Strengthening research-extension-farmer linkages by Burton E Swanson; Part IV: Current Trends and Development; Chapter 20: Extension s role in sustainable agricultural development by Niels Roling and Jules N Pretty; Chapter 21: Establishing and strengthening farmer organizations by Shankariah Chamala and P M Shingi; Chapter 22: Privatizing agricultural extension by William M Rivera and John W Cary; Chapter 23: The role of nongovernmental organizations in extension by John Farrington.
Author: Raj Saravanan
Publisher: New India Publishing
Published: 2008
Total Pages: 438
ISBN-13: 9788189422967
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Agricultural extension is in a great transition worldwide. The demand for public extension reform is greater than ever before. The agriculture knowledge infrastructure is evolving in a big way with the emergence of pluralistic extension actors and innovations to cater the needs of the farmeThis book is an attempt to document the past experiences and recent developments in the agriculture knowledge information systems. The compilation of 14 country s such as; Afghanistan, Benin, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, India, Iran, Mozambique, Nepal, Peru, Philippines, Trinidad and Tobago and Zimbabwe is intended to document the experience of extension systems. The fourteen country s highlight the worldwide agricultural extension reform measures (Decentralization, Privatization, Demand driven and Cost-recovery approaches), Institutional Pluralism (Public, Private, and NGOs) and Innovations (Farmer to Farmer extension, Participatory and Self-Help Group (SHG) approaches and ICT initiatives). The agricultural extension students, academicians, scientist, practitioners, administrators, and policy makers will find this compilation of extension experiences from the fourteen countries relevant for designing future reforms, advancing pluralistic extension system and also to integrating innovations in their extension approaches.
Author: Davis, Kristin E., ed.
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Published: 2020-09-02
Total Pages: 380
ISBN-13: 0896293750
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Agricultural transformation and development are critical to the livelihoods of more than a billion small-scale farmers and other rural people in developing countries. Extension and advisory services play an important role in such transformation and can assist farmers with advice and information, brokering and facilitating innovations and relationships, and dealing with risks and disasters. Agricultural Extension: Global Status and Performance in Selected Countries provides a global overview of agricultural extension and advisory services, assesses and compares extension systems at the national and regional levels, examines the performance of extension approaches in a selected set of country cases, and shares lessons and policy insights. Drawing on both primary and secondary data, the book contributes to the literature on extension by applying a common and comprehensive framework — the “best-fit” approach — to assessments of extension systems, which allows for comparison across cases and geographies. Insights from the research support reforms — in governance, capacity, management, and advisory methods — to improve outcomes, enhance financial sustainability, and achieve greater scale. Agricultural Extension should be a valuable resource for policymakers, extension practitioners, and others concerned with agricultural development.
Author: Davis, Kristin E.
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Published: 2021-10-29
Total Pages: 14
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Agricultural extension provides the critical connection from agricultural innovation and discovery to durable improvements at scale, as farmers and other actors in the rural economy learn, adapt, and innovate with new technologies and practices. However, lack of capacity and performance of agricultural extension in lower- and middle-income countries is an ongoing concern. Research on agricultural extension and advisory services (in short, extension) has been an integral part of the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) since its inception. This brief synthesizes key findings from research funded by and linked to PIM from 2012 to 2021, presenting lessons learned and a vision for the future of extension. A list of all PIM-related extension and advisory services research is provided at the end. Designing and implementing effective provision of extension is complex, and efforts to strengthen extension services often fall into a trap of adopting “best practice” blueprint approaches that are not well-tailored to local conditions. An expansive literature examines the promises and pitfalls of common approaches, including training-and-visit extension systems, farmer field schools, and many others (Anderson and Feder 2004; Anderson et al. 2006; Waddington and White 2014; Scoones and Thompson 2009). To understand extension systems and build evidence for what works and where, the “best-fit” framework, a widely recognized approach developed by Birner and colleagues (2009) and adapted by Davis and Spielman (2017), offers a simple impact chain approach (Figure 1). The framework focuses on a defined set of extension service characteristics that affect performance: governance structures and funding; organizational and management capacities and cultures; methods; and community engagement — all of which are subject to external factors such as the policy environment, agroecological conditions, and farming-system heterogeneity. To enhance extension performance and, ultimately, a wide range of outcomes and impacts, new and innovative interventions can be applied and adapted within this set of extension characteristics.
