Aggregation of Indicators for Biological Diversity in the Nordic Countries
Author:
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Published: 2006
Total Pages: 50
ISBN-13: 9289313714
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Author:
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Published: 2006
Total Pages: 50
ISBN-13: 9289313714
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Author: Bo Normander
Publisher:
Published: 2006
Total Pages: 47
ISBN-13: 9789289335461
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Abstract: The Nordic countries have a common goal to halt the decline in biological diversity by 2010. Indicators and indices are important tools to describe the development in biodiversity and hence evaluate the 2010-target. At a workshop held in March 2006, the quality, availability and policy relevance of biodiversity data in the Nordic countries were evaluated. Available data differ between countries but it was agreed that the overall quality of the data allows the development of an aggregated index (and a set of indicators) that can describe the state of biodiversity in the Nordic countries. In a Nordic biodiversity index, quantity of biodiversity should be measured as total area of each habitat type, both inside and outside protected areas. Quality should be measured as species abundance and, when applicable, as species composition and/or habitat structure (e.g. dead wood). The index should be illustrative, easily understood and based on transparent calculations and assumptions.
Author: Bo Normander
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Published: 2009
Total Pages: 133
ISBN-13: 9289318252
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The Nordic countries have agreed on a common target to halt the decline in biodiversity by 2010. This report aims at evaluating the 2010-target by presenting indicators that can describe trends in biodiversity in the Nordic countries. Our results comprise the most comprehensive documentation of land use in the Nordic countries to date. The area of important nature types such as mire, grassland and heathland have decreased significantly over the past one to two decades, whereas the area of constructed habitats, including city areas and transport networks, has grown considerably in all of the Nordic countries. Each of these trends in land use will cause biodiversity to decline. Looking into the quality aspect of biodiversity, our results reveal that two-thirds of the quality indicators presented show declines and the remaining one-third show improvements (or steady-state). Overall, our results indicate that biodiversity has declined in the Nordic countries since 1990. In particular, farmland, mire, grassland and heathland habitats show declines in biodiversity, but also the remaining habitats show negative trends. Therefore, based on the findings from this study, we conclude that it is highly unlikely that the target of halting biodiversity loss by 2010 can be achieved by the Nordic countries. Our results should be perceived as a first attempt to make an overall assessment of biodiversity in the Nordic countries. We believe that if further efforts were directed towards scrutinising existing and historic monitoring programmes and data sources, additional indicators could be calculated and hence a better knowledge base would be achieved.
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 2014
Total Pages: 130
ISBN-13: 9789289332842
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Abstract: The Nordic countries have agreed on a common target to halt the decline in biodiversity by 2010. This report aims at evaluating the 2010-target by presenting indicators that can describe trends in biodiversity in the Nordic countries. Our results comprise the most comprehensive documentation of land use in the Nordic countries to date. The area of important nature types such as mire, grassland and heathland have decreased significantly over the past one to two decades, whereas the area of constructed habitats, including city areas and transport networks, has grown considerably in all of the Nordic countries. Each of these trends in land use will cause biodiversity to decline. Looking into the quality aspect of biodiversity, our results reveal that two-thirds of the quality indicators presented show declines and the remaining one-third show improvements (or steady-state). Overall, our results indicate that biodiversity has declined in the Nordic countries since 1990. In particular, farmland, mire, grassland and heathland habitats show declines in biodiversity, but also the remaining habitats show negative trends. Therefore, based on the findings from this study, we conclude that it is highly unlikely that the target of halting biodiversity loss by 2010 can be achieved by the Nordic countries. Our results should be perceived as a first attempt to make an overall assessment of biodiversity in the Nordic countries. We believe that if further efforts were directed towards scrutinising existing and historic monitoring programmes and data sources, additional indicators could be calculated and hence a better knowledge base would be achieved
Author: Steffen Brøgger-Jensen
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Published: 2018-10-11
Total Pages: 104
ISBN-13: 9289355964
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Is it posible linking biodiversity to macro economic models, thereby increasing our understanding of how economic activities affect biodiversity – et vice versa? It is the key question that this report aims at answering on the basis of existing statistics, indicators and models in the Scandinavian countries. The economic sectors identified as relevant for biodiversity are: agriculture; forestry; fishery; tourism; transport; and energy (especially, hydropower). The main pressure types analysed include: habitat loss and degradation; climate change; excessive nutrient load and other forms of pollution; over-exploitation and unsustainable use; and invasive alien species. A set of recommendations for further work are made focusing on impacts of economic activities on biodiversity.
Author: Geoff Groom
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Published: 2001
Total Pages: 136
ISBN-13: 9789289306089
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Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Published: 2012
Total Pages: 293
ISBN-13: 9289324465
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Author: Maria Schultz
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Published: 2015
Total Pages: 201
ISBN-13: 9289345640
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Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Published: 1997
Total Pages: 100
ISBN-13: 9789289300384
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Author: Nordic Council of Ministers
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Published: 2006
Total Pages: 72
ISBN-13: 9289314109
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →There is growing interest among policymakers for the prospects of decoupling economic growth from environmental degradation, in order to achieve improved environmental quality without compromising economic growth. However, whilst decoupling indicators give a reasonably good measure for potential or progress towards sustainability, decoupling is neither a sufficient nor a necessary condition for sustainability. Decoupling indicators, unlike many other statistical efforts related to the environment, are not meant to summarise the general state of the environment, but rather to measure countries' progress towards mitigating or alleviating particular environmental pressures from relevant driving forces.