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Agency and Impersonality

Author: Mutsumi Yamamoto

Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing

Published: 2006-01-01

Total Pages: 167

ISBN-13: 9027230889

In this monograph the author probes the fundamental nature of the concept of agency and its importance to human language and cognition. Whereas previous studies focused on grammatical manifestations this original work addresses such issues as the strong relationship between agency and responsibility, a philosophical interpretation of the concept of agency and a variety of epistemic attitudes towards agency that strongly influence our view of the world. Different cultures and languages process and express agency differently. To illustrate the co-relation between the linguistic expressions of agency and cultural stereotypes that lurk behind individual natural languages, the author analyses Japanese and English parallel corpora. It is shown that English tends to highlight agency in expressing actions and events, whereas Japanese largely obfuscates agency through impersonalising potential agents. Through the case studies on these languages this book sheds light on the close connection between language, thought and culture and contributes to the resurging interest in linguistic relativity.

Nuclear Authority

Author: Robert L. Brown

Publisher: Georgetown University Press

Published: 2015-02-03

Total Pages: 262

ISBN-13: 1626161836

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Once dismissed as ineffectual, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has in the past twenty years emerged as a powerful international organization. Member states allow the IAEA to render judgment on matters vital to peace and security while nations around the globe comply with its rules and commands on proliferation, safety, and a range of other issues. Robert L. Brown details the IAEA’s role in facilitating both control of nuclear weapons and the safe exploitation of nuclear power. As he shows, the IAEA has acquired a surprising amount of power as states, for political and technological reasons, turn to it to supply policy cooperation and to act as an agent for their security and safety. The agency’s success in gaining and holding authority rests in part on its ability to apply politically neutral expertise that produces beneficial policy outcomes. But Brown also delves into the puzzle of how an agency created by states to aid cooperation has acquired power over them.

How China Escaped the Poverty Trap

Author: Yuen Yuen Ang

Publisher: Cornell University Press

Published: 2016-09-06

Total Pages: 345

ISBN-13: 1501706403

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WINNER OF THE 2017 PETER KATZENSTEIN BOOK PRIZE "BEST OF BOOKS IN 2017" BY FOREIGN AFFAIRS WINNER OF THE 2018 VIVIAN ZELIZER PRIZE BEST BOOK AWARD IN ECONOMIC SOCIOLOGY "How China Escaped the Poverty Trap truly offers game-changing ideas for the analysis and implementation of socio-economic development and should have a major impact across many social sciences." ― Zelizer Best Book in Economic Sociology Prize Committee Acclaimed as "game changing" and "field shifting," How China Escaped the Poverty Trap advances a new paradigm in the political economy of development and sheds new light on China's rise. How can poor and weak societies escape poverty traps? Political economists have traditionally offered three answers: "stimulate growth first," "build good institutions first," or "some fortunate nations inherited good institutions that led to growth." Yuen Yuen Ang rejects all three schools of thought and their underlying assumptions: linear causation, a mechanistic worldview, and historical determinism. Instead, she launches a new paradigm grounded in complex adaptive systems, which embraces the reality of interdependence and humanity's capacity to innovate. Combining this original lens with more than 400 interviews with Chinese bureaucrats and entrepreneurs, Ang systematically reenacts the complex process that turned China from a communist backwater into a global juggernaut in just 35 years. Contrary to popular misconceptions, she shows that what drove China's great transformation was not centralized authoritarian control, but "directed improvisation"—top-down directions from Beijing paired with bottom-up improvisation among local officials. Her analysis reveals two broad lessons on development. First, transformative change requires an adaptive governing system that empowers ground-level actors to create new solutions for evolving problems. Second, the first step out of the poverty trap is to "use what you have"—harnessing existing resources to kick-start new markets, even if that means defying first-world norms. Bold and meticulously researched, How China Escaped the Poverty Trap opens up a whole new avenue of thinking for scholars, practitioners, and anyone seeking to build adaptive systems.

Optical Impersonality

Author: Christina Walter

Publisher: JHU Press

Published: 2014-07-08

Total Pages: 352

ISBN-13: 1421413639

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"Christina Walter brings the next offering to the Hopkins Studies in Modernism series. Her work looks at the influence of the modern science of visual perception a variety of modernist writers. Walter focuses in particular on the way in which writers like H.D., Virgina Woolf, Walter Pater, and T.S. Eliot developed an alternative conception of the self in light of the developing neuro-scientific account of our inner workings. Critics have long seen modernist writers as being concerned with an 'impersonal' form of writing that rejects the earlier Romantic notion that literature was a direct expression of an author's subjective personality. Walter argues that the charge of impersonality has been overblown and that the modernists did not want to entirely evacuate the self from writing. Rather, she argues, modernist writers embraced the kind of material and embodied notion of the self that resulted from the then-emerging physiological sciences. This work will appeal to scholars and advanced students of modernist literature, as well as scholars interested in the influence of science on literature."--Provided by publisher.

Impersonality

Author: Sharon Cameron

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2009-11-15

Total Pages: 282

ISBN-13: 0226091333

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Philosophers have long debated the subjects of person and personhood. Sharon Cameron ushers this debate into the literary realm by considering impersonality in the works of major American writers and figures of international modernism—writers for whom personal identity is inconsequential and even imaginary. In essays on William Empson, Jonathan Edwards, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Herman Melville, T. S. Eliot, and Simone Weil, Cameron examines the impulse to hollow out the core of human distinctiveness, to construct a voice that is no one’s voice, to fashion a character without meaningful attributes, a being that is virtually anonymous. “To consent to being anonymous,” Weil wrote, “is to bear witness to the truth. But how is this compatible with social life and its labels?” Throughout these essays Cameron examines the friction, even violence, set in motion from such incompatibility—from a “truth” that has no social foundation. Impersonality investigates the uncompromising nature of writing that suspends, eclipses, and even destroys the person as a social, political, or individual entity, of writing that engages with personal identity at the moment when its usual markers vanish or dissolve.

Institutional Foundations of Impersonal Exchange

Author: Benito Arruñada

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2012-08-24

Total Pages: 317

ISBN-13: 0226028321

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With its nuanced presentation of the theoretical and practical implications, this book expands our understanding of how property rights work in today's world.

Impersonal Constructions

Author: Andre? L?vovich Mal?chukov

Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 653

ISBN-13: 9027205914

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Features the contributions that deal with various types of impersonality, namely constructions featuring nonagentive subjects, including those with experiential predicates, presentational constructions with a notional subject deficient in topicality, and constructions with a notional subject lacking in referential properties.

Service and Procedure in Bureaucracy

Author: Roy G. Francis

Publisher:

Published: 1956

Total Pages: 220

ISBN-13:

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On Leaving

Author: Branka Arsić

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 2010-04-15

Total Pages: 412

ISBN-13: 9780674050730

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Arsić unpacks Ralph Waldo Emerson’s repeated assertion that our reality and our minds are in constant flux. Her readings of a broad range of Emerson’s writings are guided by a central question: what does it really mean to maintain that everything fluctuates, is relational, and so changes its identity?