A Guide to Designing Legal Frameworks to Determine Access to Genetic Resources

A Guide to Designing Legal Frameworks to Determine Access to Genetic Resources PDF

Author: Lyle Glowka

Publisher: IUCN

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 105

ISBN-13: 2831704286

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This book highlights some of the principles which should be considered by planners, legislative drafters, and policy-makers as they work to develop legal frameworks on access to genetic resources in their countries. Contextual information on the Convention on Biological Diversity and examples of how countries have approached the issue to date are provided.

Regulating Genetic Resources

Regulating Genetic Resources PDF

Author: Charles Lawson

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2012-01-01

Total Pages: 337

ISBN-13: 1781001669

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ÔAn insightful guide to some key developments in the international governance of genetic resources. Exploration of the central role of state sovereignty in current approaches aids understanding of the impact that the socio-economic and political context has on the content and direction of rules in this area. The book includes extensive information on the influence of treaty regimes that are often marginal to or absent from other analyses of genetic resource governance (outer space, seas and oceans, and Antarctica).Õ Ð Catherine Rhodes, The University of Manchester, UK This detailed and concise book surveys the international genetic resources laws applying in Antarctica, space, the oceans and seas, the lands, and the airspaces above land and water. The well-structured analysis traces the evolution of these various schemes and their contributions to the comprehensive arrangements under the Convention on Biological Diversity, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture and the World Health OrganizationÕs PIP Framework. The book details the different avenues and concluded positions, documenting a laboratory of legal approaches and possibilities. Regulating Genetic Resources will be a valuable addition to academics, governments, NGOs and students in environmental and intellectual property law.

Beyond Access

Beyond Access PDF

Author: Morten Walløe Tvedt

Publisher: IUCN

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 172

ISBN-13: 2831709806

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Fewer than 11% of CBD Parties have adopted substantive ABS law, and nearly all of these are developing countries, focusing almost entirely on the 'access' side of the equation. Most of the CBD's specific ABS obligations, however, relate to the other side of the equation-benefit sharing. This book considers the full range of ABS obligations, and how existing tools in user countries' national law can be used to achieve the CBD's third objective. It examines the laws of those user countries which have either declared that their ABS obligations are satisfied by existing national law, or have begun legislative development; the requirements, weaknesses and gaps in achieving benefit-sharing objectives; and the ways in which new or existing legal tools can be applied to these requirements.

Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and the Law

Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and the Law PDF

Author: Evanson C. Kamau

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2009-09-02

Total Pages: 530

ISBN-13: 1136574425

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The need to regulate access to genetic resources and ensure a fair and equitable sharing of any resulting benefits was at the core of the development of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). The CBD established a series of principles and requirements around access and benefit sharing (ABS) in order to increase transparency and equity in the international flow of genetic resources, yet few countries have been able to effectively implement them and ABS negotiations are often paralysed by differing interests. This book not only examines these complex challenges, but offers workable, policy-oriented solutions. International contributors cover theoretical approaches, new significant national legislation, the concept of traditional knowledge, provider and user country measures and common solutions. Exploring specific, salient examples from across the globe, the authors provide lessons for national regulation and the ongoing negotiations for an international ABS regime. Uniquely, this book also looks at the potential for 'horizontal' development of ABS law and policy, applying lessons from bilateral approaches to other national contexts.

Genetic Resources, Equity and International Law

Genetic Resources, Equity and International Law PDF

Author: Camena Guneratne

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2012-01-01

Total Pages: 335

ISBN-13: 0857934953

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ÔThis book provides a clear analysis of the multi-level impacts of the existing international law regime related to genetic resources on developing countries. It does so through a cogent exposition of the different areas of the law pertaining to genetic resources that are relevant and impact on people's rights and livelihoods. Its focus on equity is a welcome addition to the literature.Õ Ð Philippe Cullet, University of London, UK ÔCamena GuneratneÕs thought-provoking book critically evaluates the clash between the private property approach to genetic resources embedded in international intellectual property conventions, and the competing values embedded in a variety of other conventions and laws. She contests key assumptions behind intellectual property regimes supporting genetic commerce, distinguishing the genetic ÒcommonsÓ from other types of resource. This book provides a comprehensive scholarly dealing with the topics noted in its title, but also should increase debate about policy failures in responding to the risks to the underprivileged of the instruments we use to pursue our economic interests of the majority.Õ Ð Paul Martin, University of New England, Australia ÔThis is a wonderful book. All too often in the quest to preserve biodiversity, we forget that the equation of equity has to be at the forefront of the debates on sustainable development. Dr Guneratne rectifies this mistake. In doing so, she shows us that in many of the most importance instances, we are not only losing large parts of the natural basis on which humanity depends, but also the ability to control the political and legal processes of which many of the world's poorest people depend. This linkage between biodiversity, politics and international law is of such a high calibre, that it is likely that this work will become a key text for students and scholars alike.Õ Ð Alexander Gillespie, University of Waikato, New Zealand This book examines current developments in international law which regulate the uses of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, and the various property regimes which are applied to these resources by these international agreements. In the current context of the global food crisis, the development and stability of national agricultural systems is an urgent concern, particularly among developing countries. This stability, and national food security, will potentially be threatened if these countries are unable to have free access to agricultural crop plants. This book analyses a range of international agreements including the recently adopted Nagoya Protocol and demonstrates that in their current implementation they favour private ownership of these resources rather than free access. The book takes the position that this is inherently inequitable and these resources should be maintained in the public domain. This book will be of use to a wide range of readers from students and scholars to those working in the fields of trade and intellectual property, human rights, environmental conservation and advocacy on international issues. It contains a rigorous legal analysis of current international law development on the issue based on the negotiations which have taken place in the relevant forums, and will therefore be particularly useful to lawyers and legal scholars. It is also written in an uncomplicated style which makes it readily accessible to non-lawyers and the case studies and empirical data used throughout the book adds to its interest.

Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Traditional Cultural Expressions

Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Traditional Cultural Expressions PDF

Author: World Intellectual Property Organization

Publisher: WIPO

Published: 2020-07-08

Total Pages: 56

ISBN-13: 9280525875

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General information on the interface between intellectual property (IP) and traditional knowledge (TK), traditional cultural expressions (TCEs), and genetic resources (GRs). It briefly addresses the most important questions that arise when considering the role that IP principles and systems can play in protecting TK and TCEs from misappropriation, and in generating and equitably sharing benefits from their commercialization, and the role of IP in access to and benefit sharing in GRs.

Accessing Biodiversity and Sharing the Benefits

Accessing Biodiversity and Sharing the Benefits PDF

Author: Santiago Carrizosa

Publisher: IUCN

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 332

ISBN-13: 2831708168

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The book aims to address the lack of information on the experiences of others by providing a comparative analysis of national access and benefit-sharing laws and policies in the 41 Pacific Rim countries that signed the CBD. It provides key insights on the main characteristics of selected access and benefit-sharing (ABS) policies and laws, their development, and implementation process. It contains a detailed comparative analysis of existing laws and policies. It presents four case studies of countries with regulations in place and contrasts them with four case studies of countries that are struggling to develop their regulations. It ends by discussing options of an international regime on ABS and a summary analysis of the main lessons and recommendations from the study.

Governance of Genetic Resources

Governance of Genetic Resources PDF

Author: Catherine Rhodes

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2013-11-29

Total Pages: 273

ISBN-13: 1781007004

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This timely study will be of interest to students and academics concerned with the management of genetic resources and its connection to issues such as intellectual property rights, biodiversity conservation and food security. It will appeal strongly t