A Fair Globalization Which Also Creates Opportunities For Women in the South

A Fair Globalization Which Also Creates Opportunities For Women in the South PDF

Author: Katharina Fischer

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2006-01-19

Total Pages: 12

ISBN-13: 3638458253

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Essay aus dem Jahr 2005 im Fachbereich Politik - Thema: Globalisierung, pol. Ökonomie, Note: 1,3, Universität Kassel (FB 05- Politikwissenschaft), Veranstaltung: HS: politische, soziale und ökonomische Aspekte d. Globalisierung, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Befürworter der Globalisierung argumentieren, dass die weltumspannende kapitalistische Ökonomie den Völkern Wohlstand beschert. Das Gegenteil ist aber der Fall. Die Globalisierung bringt neue Ausbeutungsverhältnisse und Ungleichheiten besonders für Frauen aus Peripheriestaaten hervor. Doch was ist eigentlich Ungleichheit und vor allem: Wie lässt sie sich messen? Für den Soziologen Jan Nederveen Pieterse impliziert der Terminus „globale Ungleichheit“ einen weltweiten Horizont und setzt die „Gleichheit der Menschen“ als Norm (Pieterse 2002, 1024). Dabei entlarvt er allgemeine Annahmen, dass z.B. Ungleichheit in armen Ländern weiter verbreitet sei, als im Westen, als Märchen. Industriestaaten, wie die USA oder Großbritannien, gemessen am Einkommen, haben die größte Ungleichheit zu verzeichnen (vgl. Pieterse 2002, 1025). Doch gibt es auch ungleiche Entwicklungen und Chancen für Männer und Frauen sowohl im „Westen“, wie auch in „Entwicklungsländern“. Diese misst der Gender Development Index (GDI), anhand Daten für Lebenserwartung, Bildungschancen und Einkommen, die geschlechtsspezifisch aufgeschlüsselt werden (Schlussbericht der Enquete Kommission 2002, 310). Es lässt sich so feststellen, dass „[...] in keiner Gesellschaft der Welt [...] Frauen die gleichen Chancen auf ein „gutes Leben“ wie Männer [haben]“ (ebenda, 310). Tatsache bleibt auch, dass Frauen in vielen Ländern der Peripherie trotz, oder wegen der Globalisierung benachteiligt werden, und noch mehr: Diese Entwicklung bringt Gewinnerinnen und Verliererinnen hervor. So scheinen in den letzten zwanzig Jahren sowohl in Südamerika und Asien immer mehr Frauen erwerbstätig geworden zu sein, jedoch meist im informellen Wirtschaftssektor, d.h. oft unterbezahlt und ohne jeglichen Kündigungsschutz. Für höher qualifizierte weibliche Erwerbstätige aus westlichen Industrieländern haben sich neue Beschäftigungsmöglichkeiten ergeben, während Arbeitsmigrantinnen aus Südländern u.a. als Hauspersonal im Niedriglohnsektor für eben diese Frauen arbeiten (vgl. Young und Hoppe 2004, 486).[...] [...] Im folgenden Essay werden daher zunächst Probleme der Auswirkungen der ökonomischen und sozialen Umbrüche der letzten Jahre auf Frauen anhand zweier Beispiele (Südamerika und Südkorea) dargestellt. Anschließend wird ein Blick in die Zukunft geworfen und Lösungsansätze vorgestellt. [...] [...]

A Fair Globalization

A Fair Globalization PDF

Author: World Commission On The Social Dimension Of Globalization

Publisher: Academic Foundation

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 194

ISBN-13: 9788171884964

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Globalization and Its Discontents

Globalization and Its Discontents PDF

Author: Joseph E. Stiglitz

Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company

Published: 2003-04-17

Total Pages: 304

ISBN-13: 0393071073

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This powerful, unsettling book gives us a rare glimpse behind the closed doors of global financial institutions by the winner of the 2001 Nobel Prize in Economics. When it was first published, this national bestseller quickly became a touchstone in the globalization debate. Renowned economist and Nobel Prize winner Joseph E. Stiglitz had a ringside seat for most of the major economic events of the last decade, including stints as chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers and chief economist at the World Bank. Particularly concerned with the plight of the developing nations, he became increasingly disillusioned as he saw the International Monetary Fund and other major institutions put the interests of Wall Street and the financial community ahead of the poorer nations. Those seeking to understand why globalization has engendered the hostility of protesters in Seattle and Genoa will find the reasons here. While this book includes no simple formula on how to make globalization work, Stiglitz provides a reform agenda that will provoke debate for years to come. Rarely do we get such an insider's analysis of the major institutions of globalization as in this penetrating book. With a new foreword for this paperback edition.

Women and Trade

Women and Trade PDF

Author: World Bank;World Trade Organization

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2020-09-04

Total Pages: 270

ISBN-13: 1464815569

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Trade can dramatically improve women’s lives, creating new jobs, enhancing consumer choices, and increasing women’s bargaining power in society. It can also lead to job losses and a concentration of work in low-skilled employment. Given the complexity and specificity of the relationship between trade and gender, it is essential to assess the potential impact of trade policy on both women and men and to develop appropriate, evidence-based policies to ensure that trade helps to enhance opportunities for all. Research on gender equality and trade has been constrained by limited data and a lack of understanding of the connections among the economic roles that women play as workers, consumers, and decision makers. Building on new analyses and new sex-disaggregated data, Women and Trade: The Role of Trade in Promoting Gender Equality aims to advance the understanding of the relationship between trade and gender equality and to identify a series of opportunities through which trade can improve the lives of women.

Global Trends 2040

Global Trends 2040 PDF

Author: National Intelligence Council

Publisher: Cosimo Reports

Published: 2021-03

Total Pages: 158

ISBN-13: 9781646794973

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"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

What We Owe Each Other

What We Owe Each Other PDF

Author: Minouche Shafik

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2022-08-23

Total Pages: 256

ISBN-13: 069120764X

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From one of the leading policy experts of our time, an urgent rethinking of how we can better support each other to thrive Whether we realize it or not, all of us participate in the social contract every day through mutual obligations among our family, community, place of work, and fellow citizens. Caring for others, paying taxes, and benefiting from public services define the social contract that supports and binds us together as a society. Today, however, our social contract has been broken by changing gender roles, technology, new models of work, aging, and the perils of climate change. Minouche Shafik takes us through stages of life we all experience—raising children, getting educated, falling ill, working, growing old—and shows how a reordering of our societies is possible. Drawing on evidence and examples from around the world, she shows how every country can provide citizens with the basics to have a decent life and be able to contribute to society. But we owe each other more than this. A more generous and inclusive society would also share more risks collectively and ask everyone to contribute for as long as they can so that everyone can fulfill their potential. What We Owe Each Other identifies the key elements of a better social contract that recognizes our interdependencies, supports and invests more in each other, and expects more of individuals in return. Powerful, hopeful, and thought-provoking, What We Owe Each Other provides practical solutions to current challenges and demonstrates how we can build a better society—together.

Offshoring and the Internationalization of Employment

Offshoring and the Internationalization of Employment PDF

Author: Peter Auer

Publisher: International Labour Organization

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 272

ISBN-13: 9789290147831

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This collection of papers examines key trends in the internationalisation of employment, drawing on the proceedings of an ILO conference held in Annecy, France in April 2005. The papers focus on three related issues: the impacts of trade and investment abroad, including the offshoring of production of goods and services, and effects on the winners and losers in terms of employment; adjustment methods for coping with the short and medium term problems related to the globalisation of employment; and the importance of international instruments to help ensure a level playing field in trade and promote development, drawing on established rights and international labour standards.

Communities in Action

Communities in Action PDF

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2017-04-27

Total Pages: 583

ISBN-13: 0309452961

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In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Challenges of Growth and Globalization in the Middle East and North Africa

Challenges of Growth and Globalization in the Middle East and North Africa PDF

Author: Mr.Hamid R Davoodi

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2003-09-05

Total Pages: 44

ISBN-13: 9781589062290

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The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is an economically diverse region. Despite undertaking economic reforms in many countries, and having considerable success in avoiding crises and achieving macroeconomic stability, the region’s economic performance in the past 30 years has been below potential. This paper takes stock of the region’s relatively weak performance, explores the reasons for this out come, and proposes an agenda for urgent reforms.