The Natural History of Flowers

The Natural History of Flowers PDF

Author: Michael Fogden

Publisher: Texas A&M University Press

Published: 2018-09-05

Total Pages: 234

ISBN-13: 1623496446

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Flowers have played an important role in human culture and survival for thousands of years. The final products of flowers—fruits and seeds—are vitally important as food. Flowers provide bursts of color to homes and gardens and they symbolize love, sorrow, and renewal. Yet we often overlook their real purpose. Why do flowers exist and why do they have certain colors, shapes, and smells? What function does a flower have in the life and survival of the plants themselves? In nature, flowers play an essential role in improving a plant’s chances of survival. Some flowers are pollinated by wind or water but most are designed to attract and reward pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, birds, and bats, to carry their pollen from flower to flower. After being pollinated, flowers produce fruits and again take advantage of wind, water, and animals to disperse their seeds, ensuring a new generation of their species. Pollination and seed dispersal are fine-tuned systems, and their importance in sustaining a healthy environment cannot be overstated. And, as ongoing climate and other environmental changes apply new pressures, flowers must continue to adapt in order to survive. In this beautifully illustrated book with over 200 stunning photographs, Michael Fogden and Patricia Fogden draw from existing research and their extensive field experiences all over the world to present a detailed but accessible introduction to the natural history of flowers. They discuss a representative sample of flowering and fruiting strategies, illustrating interactions between plants and their pollinators and dispersers, and conclude with descriptions of their favorite tropical flowers.

Dictionary of Trees, Volume 2: South America

Dictionary of Trees, Volume 2: South America PDF

Author: M.M. Grandtner

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2013-09-21

Total Pages: 1171

ISBN-13: 0123969549

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Dictionary of South American Trees provides a single-source reference for botanists, biologists, ecologists, and climatologists on the many native trees in South America. The index lets readers find a tree in four languages, by its common name, or abbreviation, followed by taxonomy that includes common uses for each part of the tree. Using this information, scientists and students can identify and classify plants, their growth structure and environment, the uses of their products, and alternative options with similar characteristics. Complete coverage of all native South American trees—the only single-source reference for botanists, biologists, ecologists and climatologists working in this diverse and changing region Includes taxonomy at genera, species, sub-species, and varietal levels, providing information from the most basic level up and allowing readers to identify their subjects using numerous criteria Indicates Latin, English, French, and Spanish names as well as common names and abbreviations, facilitating accurate and efficient identification Provides growth information, climatology, ecology and uses for the tree to provide insight into each tree as well as for comparative purposes when seeking similar tree-based resources

Interrelationship Between Insects and Plants

Interrelationship Between Insects and Plants PDF

Author: Pierre Jolivet

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1998-05-27

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13: 1498719368

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One of the world's most insightful writers on the subject brings together an array of important and readable information on the ways in which insects and plants coexist in nature. Interrelationship Between Insects and Plants is a rare and expansive look at the intertwining of these two vastly different species. Its aim is to summarize in a simple a

Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family

Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family PDF

Author: Robert L. Dressler

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1993-04-29

Total Pages: 342

ISBN-13: 9780521450584

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A valuable contribution to the on-going discussions on evolution within the Orchid family. Dressler's work delimits several major natural groups and emphasises areas needing further study.